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991.
By introducing a new tortoise coordinate transformation, we investigate the quantum thermal and non-thermal radiations of a non-stationary Kerr--Newman--de Sitter black hole. The accurate location and
radiate temperature of the event horizon as well as the maximum energy of the non-thermal radiation are derived. It is shown that the radiate temperature and the maximum energy are related to not only the evaporation rate, but also the shape of the event horizon, moreover the maximum energy depends on
the electromagnetic potential. Finally, we use the results to reduce the non-stationary Kerr--Newman black hole, the non-stationary Kerr black hole, the stationary Kerr--Newman--de Sitter black hole, and the static Schwarzshild black hole. 相似文献
992.
993.
methodology for bremsstrahlung (BS) background correction to extract a true Compton profile in high-energy Compton scattering
experiments is presented. The BS background profiles for Hg, computed within the Born approximation, are estimated for different
values of incident energy. It is seen for the first time that the BS background contribution in high-energy Compton profile
experiments like those employing third generation synchrotron radiation sources comes out to be significant and non-linear.
Further, it is found that the incorporation of BS correction in data reduction of such an experiment performed on Hg at 662
keV energy helps in reconciliation of theory and experiment. 相似文献
994.
995.
增强UV-B辐射、NaCl胁迫及其复合处理对小麦幼苗光合作用及黄酮代谢的影响 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
依据增强UV-B辐射、NaCl胁迫及其复合处理不同天数,分别测定各处理小麦幼苗第一片真叶的净光合速率、气孔导度、叶肉细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度、叶绿素含量、黄酮含量和苯丙氨酸裂解酶活性.发现NaCl胁迫和增强UV-B辐射均明显降低小麦幼苗的净光合速率、气孔导度和叶肉细胞间隙CO2浓度;和NaCl胁迫相较, NaCl+UV-B辐射对小麦幼苗上述指标无进一步降低效应.增强UV-B辐射、NaCl胁迫及其复合处理均促进苯丙氨酸裂解酶活性和黄酮含量提高.说明了增强UV-B辐射降低小麦幼苗净光合速率的主要原因是气孔限制,而NaCl胁迫减轻了增强UV-B辐射对小麦幼苗光合作用的降低效应. 相似文献
996.
We have measured time-of-flight (TOF) distributions of Br atoms desorbed from thin (less than 1000 Å) epitaxial films of KBr on (100) InSb with a 2 keV electron beam. Although the general structure of the TOF spectra was similar to that obtained previously for the thick crystals, both the fast and the slow (thermal) components of the distribution were strongly dependent on the film thickness. We argue that this dependence is due to two different diffusion processes involved in the transport of the primary excitation products from the bulk to the surface. By measuring the velocity resolved ESD yield for films of various thicknesses, we determined that a diffusion length of the carriers responsible for the thermal ESD component varied from 30 to 700 Å with temperature in the range 20–300°C. In contrast, for the non-thermal desorption we found the carrier diffusion length of about 140 Å which did not depend significantly on the temperature. 相似文献
997.
998.
We discuss calculations of probability distribution functions (PDF) representing uncertainties in projecting fatal cancer risk from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and solar particle events (SPE). The PDFs are used in significance tests for evaluating the effectiveness of potential radiation shielding approaches. Uncertainties in risk coefficients determined from epidemiology data, dose and dose–rate reduction factors, quality factors, and physics models of radiation environments are considered in models of cancer risk PDFs. Competing mortality risks and functional correlations in radiation quality factor uncertainties are included in the calculations. We show that the cancer risk uncertainty, defined as the ratio of the upper value of 95% confidence interval (CI) to the point estimate is about 4-fold for lunar and Mars mission risk projections. For short-stay lunar missions (), SPEs present the most significant risk, however one that is mitigated effectively by shielding, especially for carbon composites structures with high hydrogen content. In contrast, for long duration lunar () or Mars missions, GCR risks may exceed radiation risk limits that are based on acceptable levels of risk. For example, the upper 95% CI exceeding 10% fatal risk for males and females on a Mars mission. For reducing GCR cancer risks, shielding materials are marginally effective because of the penetrating nature of GCR and secondary radiation produced in tissue by relativistic particles. At the present time, polyethylene or carbon composite shielding cannot be shown to significantly reduce risk compared to aluminum shielding based on a significance test that accounts for radiobiology uncertainties in GCR risk projection. 相似文献
999.
Yu.B. Vasilyev C. Stellmach G. Nachtwei R.A. Suris S.D. Suchalkin B.Ya. Meltser S.V. Ivanov P.S. Kopev 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2006,34(1-2):308
In tilted magnetic fields a bilayer electron–hole system is found to generate a photocurrent under terahertz radiation as the system is tuned to electron cyclotron resonance conditions. The photoinduced current amplitude oscillates with the magnetic field in correlation with Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations for electrons. The phenomenon is accounted for by a photomagnetic effect in electron–hole systems in the quantum Hall regime and has potentialities for terahertz detection and spectroscopy. 相似文献
1000.