Current R & D activities at TRCRE in polymer processing by EB

The current status of the R & D activities is presented on electron beam processing of polymers being carried out at TRCRE. Topics included are sterilization of medical products, graft polymers for selective separation or absorbents and curing of liquid prepolymer-monomer systems.     

Zeeman transitions in deuterium atoms induced by ultra-relativistic electrons

We present data showing hyperfine transitions in an atomic deuterium beam induced by the (476 MHz) radio-frequency field of a 704 MeV electron beam in a storage ring. A polarized deuterium beam, produced in an atomic beam source, was crossed with a stored electron beam and analyzed with a Breit--Rabi polarimeter. Electron-beam induced transitions were singled out by injecting different combinations of hyperfine states. Transition probabilities as high as 70% were measured at large currents (~ 100 mA). All possible deuterium transitions for a radio-frequency of 476 MHz were observed. In addition, a 1--6 transition resulting from the first harmonic (952 MHz) was observed. The effects of these transitions are of general importance for the polarized internal target technique applied in nuclear and particle physics experiments. The data are reasonably described by numerical estimates. The observed mechanism can be exploited to create nuclear polarized atoms when injecting electron polarized atoms with no net nuclear polarization into a storage cell. However, when nuclear polarized atoms are injected, care should be taken to avoid this mechanism, since it would result in depolarization of the atoms. The studies enabled us to choose the magnetic guide field during our spin-dependent electron--deuteron scattering experiments, such that electron-beam induced depolarizing effects were avoided. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

准直孔法改善束流品质初探

本文提出了用准直孔结合调节束流导引磁场获得较好品质强流电子束的方法,运用该方法在1.5MeV直线感应加速器(LIA)进行了试验,结果准直束流前后沿明显减小,束亮度提高几倍;同时,用此方法测出了束密度及束亮度的径向分布.     

Numerical propagation of partially coherent laser beams through optical systems

The propagation of partially coherent beams through optical systems is computed numerically in one transverse dimension. The optical system is divided into different elementary segments, through which the propagation of light can be calculated by appropriate operators, working on the coherence function or the Wigner distribution function respectively. For the necessary changes between these two functions describing the partially coherent beams, the use of the remarkable z-transform seems to be an advantage. With this algorithm the grid and the resolution in the spatial frequency domain can be arbitrarily chosen in contrast to the usual Fourier transform, the influence of phase aberrations on the focusability of Gauss-Schell model beams is discussed as an application example of the numerical model. With the help of this tool, practical beam guiding systems can be simulated for use with multimode laser radiation.     

斜孔气膜冷却数值模拟分析

本文通过数值模拟分析圆柱孔和扩散孔的单斜孔气膜冷却特性,考察复合角、孔型和吹风比对流场和气膜冷却效果的影响。结果表明,复合角的引入使气膜侧向分布更宽,但冷却效果沿主流方向衰减更快。适中吹风比得到的气膜能更有效的保护壁面。在相同吹风比和复合角条件下,扩散孔的气膜冷却效率比圆柱孔更好,且冷却更为均匀持久。     

激光标线的原理和实验

根据几何光学知识分析了激光标线原理.理论和实验表明:激光标线长度与激光光束形状、光学元件形状及材料折射率有关.并讨论了激光标线向两侧扩展的原因.     

Numerical Approximation and Error Analysis for the Timoshenko Beam Equations with Boundary Feedback

In this paper,the numerical approximation of a Timoshenko beam with bound- ary feedback is considered.We derived a linearized three-level difference scheme on uniform meshes by the method of reduction of order for a Timoshenko beam with boundary feedback.It is proved that the scheme is uniquely solvable,unconditionally stable and second order convergent in L_∞norm by using the discrete energy method. A numerical example is presented to verify the theoretical results.     

UV protection filters by dielectric multilayer thin films on Glass BK-7 and Infrasil 301

The increasing use of Ultraviolet (UV) light in medicine, industrial environments, for cosmetic use, and even in consumer products necessitates that greater attention be paid to the potential hazards of this type of electromagnetic radiation. To avoid any adverse effects of exposure to this type of radiation, four suitable protection filters were produced to block three UV bands (UVA, UVB, and UVC). The design structure of the required dielectric multilayer filters was done by optical thin film technology using the absorbing property of UV radiation for the substrates and dielectric materials. The computer analyses of the multilayer filter formulas were prepared using Macleod Software for the production processes. The deposition technique was achieved on optical substrates (Glass BK-7 and Infrasil 301) by dielectric material combinations including Titanium dioxide (Ti₂O₃), Hafnium dioxide (HfO₂), and Lima (mixture of oxides SiO₂/Al₂O₃); deposition being achieved using an electron beam gun. The output results of the theoretical and experimental transmittance values for spectral band from 200 nm to 800 nm were discussed in four processes. To analyze the suitability for use in ‘real world’ applications, the test pieces were subjected to the durability tests (adhesion, abrasion resistance, and humidity) according to Military Standard MIL-C-675C and MIL-C-48497A.     

X-ray metrology for advanced silicon processes

X-ray reflectivity (XRR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques are used to the monitoring of Cu/porous low κ processes, which are developed for the next generation (≤65 nm) integrated circuits. Sensitivity of XRR and XRF is sufficient to detect drifts of the copper barrier layer, copper seed layer and Cu CMP (chemical-mechanical polishing) processes. Their metrology key parameters comply with production requirements. SAXS allows determining the pore structure of low κ films: average pore size and pore size distribution.     

离化团簇束法制备c轴取向的ZnO薄膜

为了探索低温可调控ZnO薄膜沉积技术,提出了一种新的ZnO薄膜制备方法,即离化团簇束（ICB）法,并自行设计研制了应用该方法制备ZnO薄膜的专门装置.采用超音速喷嘴获得高速锌原子团簇束,用Hall等离子体源产生氧离子束离化锌原子团簇,获得了较高的离化率.在沉积过程中,可以通过调节衬底偏压、氩氧比、衬底加热温度等参数,来控制成膜的质量;应用这个装置成功地在硅衬底上制备的ZnO薄膜,经XRD和EDS检测,薄膜的c轴取向一致,Zn、O原子百分比接近于1：1,成膜质量好.