克拉霉素漂浮-生物粘附微囊的制备及性能研究

选用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备乙基纤维素载药微球(EMs), 并通过内部凝胶化法进行包衣制得海藻酸钠-乙基纤维素载药微囊(AEMs), 最后通过离子交联法进一步包衣制得壳聚糖-海藻酸钠-乙基纤维素载药微囊(CAEMs). 研究克拉霉素漂浮\|生物粘附微囊的制备工艺, 并考察微囊的体外漂浮性能、 粘附性能及体内滞留性能. 结果表明, CAEMs球形度较好, 药物包封率为72.3%~78.2%, 载药量为7.1%~12.7%. 在pH=5的醋酸缓冲液中, 6 h时的累积释放率为56.6%~70.6%, 漂浮率大于70%, 4 h时的体内滞留率为60.5%. CAEMs有望通过延长药物胃内滞留时间, 在临床用于根除幽门螺旋杆菌, 从而降低消化道溃疡的复发率.     

沸石中阳离子对氮/氧吸附性能影响的研究进展

基于制氧吸附剂在变压吸附空分制氧工业应用的重要性，从沸石分子筛的氮／氧吸附性能方面，介绍了低硅沸石LSX、钙沸石、锂沸石、锂银沸石等的研究进展。讨论了沸石分子筛骨架结构和其中阳离子的种类、位置、数量与其吸附特性的关系，探讨其在变压吸附空分制氧中的应用前景。     

Three-way-output response system by electric potential: UV-vis, CD, and fluorescence spectral changes upon electrolysis of the chiral ester of tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane

The newly prepared tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane (TCNAQ) derivatives 1a,b with a chiral auxiliary are good electron acceptors and exhibit weak circular dichroism (CD) based on the absorption of TCNAQ. The twin-type electron acceptor 1c with two TCNAQ units shows larger ellipticity by exciton coupling. UV-vis, CD, and fluorescence spectra were changed drastically upon electrochemical reduction of 1c, which demonstrates the unprecedented three-way-output response system.     

Ab initio calculations of vibronic activity in phosphorescence microwave double resonance spectra of p-dichlorobenzene

The phosphorescence spectrum of p-dichlorobenzene has been calculated using multiconfiguration self-consistent-field wave functions and the quadratic response technique. Attention has been paid to the intensity distribution of the singlet–triplet (³B_1u¹A_g) transition through a number of vibronic subbands. The second order spin–orbit coupling (SOC) contribution to the spin splitting of the ³B_1u (^3*) state is found to be almost negligible, and the calculations therefore provide a good estimate for the zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters based only on the electron spin–spin coupling expectation values. Nuclear quadrupole resonance constants for the different Cl isotopes are also calculated to accomplish the ZFS assignment. The electric dipole activity of the spin sublevels in the triplet–singlet transitions to the ground-state vibrational levels is estimated by calculations of derivatives using distorted geometries which are shifted from the equilibrium position along different vibrational modes. A vibrational analysis of the phosphorescence spectrum, based on the SOC-induced mixing of the singlet and triplet states calculated along different vibrational modes, provides reasonable agreement with experimental data.Acknowledgment O. R.-P. would like to thank the European MOLPROP network for support. The authors thank Alexander Baev for fruitful discussions. This work was supported by the Swedish Royal Academy of Science (KVA).     

Synthesis of a Stimuli‐Responsive P‐Chiral Polymer with Chiral Phosphorus Atoms and Azobenzene Moieties in the Main Chain

A reaction of the P‐chiral compound (S,S)‐1,2‐bis(boranato(tert‐butyl)methylphosphino)ethane with an azobenzene derivative gave stimuli‐responsive polymers with P‐chiral phosphines in the main chain. This is the first example of a stimuli‐responsive P‐chiral polymer. The polymer isomerized from the trans to the cis form upon UV irradiation and reverted to the trans form reversibly. The polymer was able to coordinate to platinum, and the resulting polymer complex exhibited the Cotton effect owing to the chirality of the phosphorus atoms. The structure of the P‐chiral polymer obtained could be changed reversibly by light and thermal stimuli, and the polymer chain was induced to rotate helically when complexed with transition metals through the chiral phosphorus atoms.     

氢火焰离子化检测器校正因子的理论计算

根据FID检测器工作原理，提出一种相对质量校正因子的计算公式。由该公式出发可以推导出相对摩尔响应值（RMR）与化合物碳数的线性关系式和有效碳数的近似计算方法，并赋予原计算方法中的参数以明确的含意，解决了参数之间的矛盾。新方法的计算值同文献数据吻合良好。     

Use of cluster expansion techniques in quantum chemistry. A linear response model for calculating energy differences

In this paper we have reviewed the theoretical framework of the coupled-cluster (cc) based linear response model as a tool for directly calculating energy differences of spectroscopic interest like excitation energy (ee), ionisation potential (ip) or electron affinity (ea). In this model, the ground state of a many-electron system is described as in a coupled cluster theory for closed shells. The electronic ground state is supposed to interact with an external photon field of frequencyw, and the poles of the linear response function as a function ofw furnish with the elementary excitations of the system. Depending on the general form of the coupling term chosen, appropriate difference energies like ee, ip or EA may be generated. Pertinent derivations of the general working equations are reviewed, and specific details as well as approximations for ee, ip or ea are indicated. It is shown that the theory bears a close resemblance to the equation of motion (eom) method but is superior to the latter in that the ground state correlation is taken to all orders and may be looked upon as essentially a variant of renormalisedtda. A perturbative analysis elucidating the underlying perturbative structure of the formulation is also given which reveals that the theory has a hybrid structure: the correlation terms are treated akin to an open shellmbpt, while the relaxation terms are treated akin to a Green function theory. A critique of the methodvis-a-vis other cc-based approaches for difference energies forms the concluding part of our review.     

Optimization of culture parameters for production of podophyllotoxin in suspension culture of Podophyllum hexandrum

The root explants of the germinated seedlings of Podophyllum hexandrum were grown in MS medium supplemented with indole acetic acid (IAA) (2 mg/L) and activated charcoal (0.5%), and healthy callus culture was obtained after incubation for 3 wk at 20°C. The cultivation of plant cells in shake flask was associated with problems such as clumping of cells and browning of media, which were solved by the addition of pectinase and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The effect of major media components and carbon source was studied on the growth and podophyllotoxin production in suspension culture. It was found that glucose was a better carbon source than sucrose and that NH₄ ⁺:NO₃ ⁻ ratio (total nitrogen concentration of 60 mM) and PO₄ ³⁻ did not have much effect on the growth and product formation. The relative effect of culture parameters (inoculum level, pH, IAA, glucose, NH₄ ⁺:NO₃ ⁻ ratio, and PO₄ ³⁻) on the overall growth and product response of the plant cell suspension culture was further investigated by Plackett-Burman design. This indicated that inoculum level, glucose, IAA, and pH had significant effects on growth and production of podophyllotoxin. To identify the exact optimum concentrations of these parameters on culture growth and podophyllotoxin production, central composite design experiments were formulated. The overall response equations with respect to growth and podophyllotoxin production as a function of these culture parameters were developed and used to determine the optimum concentrations of these parameters, which were pH 6.0, 1.25 mg/L of IAA, 72 g/L of glucose, and inoculum level of 8 g/L.