血液病与微量元素关系的研究

研究了血液病与微量元素的关系,发现再生障碍性贫血患者治疗前血清Ｃｕ升高（Ｐ〈０．０５）,缓解后Ｃｕ恢复正常。骨髓增生异常综合征（ＭＤＳ）中ＲＡ＋ＲＡＳ组Ｃｕ及Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值高,Ｚｎ值降低不明显;ＲＡＥＢ＋ＲＡＥＢ－Ｔ组Ｃｕ及Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ高,Ｚｎ值明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。急性白血病、淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤及慢粒患者血清Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ及Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值与对照组比较均呈显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５￣０．０１）,而缓解     

反相胶束增稳荧光法测定兔血浆中痕量盐酸小檗碱的研究

本文研究了气溶胶（ＡＯＴ）／环己烷／水反相胶束介质中中草药有效成分盐酸小檗碱的荧光性质,并将该法应用于兔血浆中痕量盐酸小檗碱的测定。该法的线性范围为１．０×１０－ ７～３×１０－ ５（ｇ／ｍ Ｌ）,检出限为８．３×１０－ ８（ｇ／ｍ Ｌ）,相对标准偏差为１．１％ 。     

The GC determination of cisplatin as platinum(II) from pharmaceutical preparations and blood sample of cancer patients

Summary A capillary gas chromatographic method is described for the determination of cisplatin based on the complexation of platinum(II) with bis(isovalerylacetone) ethylenediimine (H₂IVA₂en) and extraction in chloroform. The chromatography was carried out on a BP1 or a BP5 column with an FID. Copper(II), nickel (II) and palladium(II) separated completely and did not affect the determination of platinum(II). The method was applied of the determination of cisplatin in a pharmaceutical preparation and blood samples of cancer patients after infusion of cisplatin. The amounts of cisplatin in blood were found to be within 246–283 ng mL⁻¹ with a C.V. of 2.35–4.26%.     

利用近红外光谱检测多层组织血氧饱和度的研究

利用近红外光谱无创检测生物组织血氧饱和状态,是一种极富研究和应用前景的检测技术,在临床检测中被广泛应用.但常规临床检测应用于指端仅反映局部血氧饱和度信息,在使用中具有局限性,信号的可信度也存在质疑.该文提出了一种采用反射式脉搏血氧饱和度检测技术检测生物多层组织氧合状况的新方法,该方法通过调节入射光强以适应解剖学中生物组织多层结构的检测.应用该方法针对手指结构的实验结果表明,随着入射光强的改变,反映血氧饱和状态的光电脉搏波信号有显著变化.结合手指解剖学分析表明,光电脉搏波信号的变化与手指的多层面组织结构相对应,反映不同层面血氧饱和状态.这一特点表明,通过此法可以针对生物组织的多层结构进行测量.     

Nonlinear blood oxygen level-dependent responses for transient activations and deactivations in V1 - insights into the hemodynamic response function with the balloon model

We report studies of the nonlinear nature of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses to short transient deactivations in human visual cortex. Both functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been used to compare and contrast the hemodynamic response functions (HRFs) associated with transient activation and deactivation in primary visual cortex. We show that signal decreases for short duration deactivations are smaller than corresponding signal increases in activation studies. Moreover, the standard balloon model of BOLD effects may be modified to account for the observed nonlinear nature of deactivations by appropriate changes to simple hemodynamic parameters without recourse to new assumptions about the nature of the coupling between activity and oxygen use.     

光谱技术检测鲜红斑痣病变程度的MC模拟

在分析鲜红斑痣病理的基础上,根据病变程度改变真皮上层血液层的厚度,并建立相应的光学模型,确定其组织光学参数.通过Monte Carlo模拟,得出：鲜红斑痣皮肤反射光谱与荧光光谱均可反映鲜红斑痣皮肤病变程度,特别是血管直径的变化;当血管直径增大时,鲜红斑痣皮肤反射光谱反射率与荧光光谱强度均明显下降.研究表明反射光谱和荧光光谱可能应用于判断或分析鲜红斑痣皮肤的病变程度,从而为鲜红斑痣的临床治疗方案及治疗效果提供参考.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定血液和精液中的硼

采用HNO3-H2O2和氨水-甘露醇两种方法处理样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定血液和精液中的硼。Be作内标补偿基体效应,并用标准加入法验证了方法的可靠性,标准加入法与外标法测定结果相吻合。在测定B的同时,还可进行Cr、Cu、Cd、Ba、Sr、Mn、Co、Tl、Li、Pb、Zn、Sc、Ti、V、As等多元素测定。两种样品处理方法的测定值呈显著正相关（r=0.99919）。方法检出限为0．11ng／mL（氨水-甘露醇法）,0.06ng／mL（HNO3-H2O2）。已用于测定某硼矿区血液和精液样品中的硼。     

不同表面性质聚电解质多层膜的制备及蛋白质吸附和血液相容性能

利用层层自组装方法制备了聚烯丙基铵盐酸盐(PAH)/聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)多层膜. 通过吸附或共价偶联, 在多层膜表面修饰了聚乙二醇(PEG)、牛血清白蛋白(BSA)或肝素, 通过石英晶体微天平(QCM)、椭圆偏振光谱和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了多层膜的表面形貌及修饰方法对各种蛋白的吸附性能. 经修饰后的多层膜较基底膜的厚度均有所增大; 最外层经修饰后的多层膜吸附的BSA、纤维蛋白原及血浆蛋白的量较未修饰多层膜均有所减少. 采用SEM观察了血小板在多层膜上的黏附情况和形态变化, 计算了血小板的黏附率. 比较各多层膜的凝血酶原时间(PT), 发现修饰后的多层膜的凝血酶原时间均有所延长, 但各组间无显著性差异.     

Mass spectrometric approaches in impaired driving toxicology

Driving under the influence of prescribed or illegal drugs increases the risk of having road accidents, just like driving under the influence of alcohol. In forensic toxicology, an increasing number of blood samples must be analyzed for drugs. Immunoassays tailored for a limited number of drugs (of abuse) are usually applied as prescreening tests at the roadside and/or in the laboratory. However, many other common drugs, such as anesthetics, antidepressants, antiepileptics, antihistamines, newer designer drugs, herbal drugs, neuroleptics (antipsychotics), opioids, or sedative-hypnotics, can also impair drivers. Therefore, this paper reviews multianalyte single-stage and tandem gas or liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS or LC-MS) procedures for the screening, identification, and validated quantification of such drugs in blood that have been reported since 2003. Basic information about the biosample assayed, workup, chromatography, the mass spectral detection mode, and validation data is summarized in tables. The pros and cons of the reviewed procedures are critically discussed, particularly with respect to their probable usefulness in impaired driving toxicology. Parts of this review were presented as a plenary lecture at T2007, the joint meeting of the International Council on Alcohol, Drugs, and Traffic Safety (ICADTS) and The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists (TIAFT), Seattle (WA), August 26–30, 2007.