超声波提取-固相萃取净化-气相色谱法分析烟草中拟除虫菊酯类农药及氟节胺残留

建立了超声波提取-固相萃取净化-气相色谱联用测定烟草中多种拟除虫菊酯类农药及氟节胺残留量的方法。与现行标准方法相比,本方法前处理简单、快速、有机溶剂消耗量少,且增加了分析目标物的数量。8种拟除虫菊酯类农药及氟节胺在0.1、0.5和1μg/g三个加标水平的回收率为86%～111%,相对标准偏差为0.2%～4.1%,满足当前烟草农药残留的检测要求。     

气相色谱质谱法同时测定建筑用胶中苯系物和邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

建立了建筑用胶中苯系物和邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂等10种物质同时测定的气相色谱质谱法,对提取方法及色谱条件进行了研究,各物质的检出限在0.2～0.8 mg/L之间。在两个添加水平下,水基型和溶剂型建筑用胶中苯系物及邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的回收率在98.1%～101.5%之间。5个实验室间对相同建筑用胶样品测定的相对标准偏差在1.9%～3.9%之间。     

一种简单高精度超声液位计系统的设计与实现

介绍了超声时延法测距的基本原理,设计并实现了一种基于DSP的超声液位计系统,改进国内同类产品精度和稳定度偏低的问题。利用选用的AD、DSP芯片特点,给出了一种简单高效率的超声换能器驱动电路和回波采集放大电路的实现方案;使用通用16位定点DSP芯片TMS320VC5502,实现测距算法,增强了后端数字信号处理能力;使用收发一体窄带超声换能器发射和接收超声信号,其中心频率20kHz,3dB带宽1kHz。实验结果表明,本系统测量范围为0.5～18m,测量精度可达到测量距离的0.5%。     

Model-based optimization of phased array ultrasonic testing

Simulation of phased array beams in dovetail and austenitic welds is conducted to optimize the setup of phased array ultrasonic testing（PAUT）.To simulate the beam in such material with complex geometry or with characteristic of anisotropy and inhomogeneity, firstly,linear phased multi-Gaussian beam（LPMGB） models are introduced and discussed. Then,in the case of dovetail,wedge is designed to maximize the stable amplitude of the beam along the steering path;in the case of austenitic weld,modified focal law are developed to solve the problem of beam screwing and defocusing due to the material properties.To verify the effectiveness of the modified focal law,beam fields are calculated using LPMGB model in austenitic welds.     

超声波辐射下离子液体催化合成4-羟基-6-甲基-[1-(苯基亚氨基)乙基]-2H-吡喃-2-酮衍生物

以离子液体[BMIM-HSO3]HSO4为催化剂,在超声波辐射下,脱氢乙酸与芳香胺反应合成了一系列4-羟基-6-甲基-[1-(苯基亚氨基)乙基]-2H-吡喃-2-酮衍生物.实验中考察了催化剂、催化剂用量、反应温度、溶剂对反应的影响,确定了最佳反应条件,给出了可能的反应机理.该合成方法具有反应时间短、产率高、环境友好、后处理方便、催化剂可重复使用等优点.     

输入电功率在大范围内变动时声致发光与电功率之间的关系

采用频率为１．１ＭＨｚ，声辐射面积为３ｃｍ＾２换能器，在输入电功率０－１２０Ｗ范围内研究了被空气自然饱和纯水中声致发光强度和输入电功率在大范围内变化时的关系，结果表明，声致发光在输入电功率为７０－９０Ｗ之间，不再随输入电功率的增加而增加，呈现出饱和现象，在饱和值的出现前，发光强度随输入电功率的增加呈不规则的阶状增加，在饱和值结束后，随输入电功率的增加，发光强度迅速减小，本文对实验结果进行了些定性的     

Ultrasonic Scattering by an Elastic Sphere in Matrix with Imperfect Interface

The general solution of ultrasonic wave scattering by an elastic sphere embedded in solid matrix with an interface layer is developed. A transfer matrix connecting the displacement and stress components on the opposite surfaces of the layer is derived. Asymptotically expanding the transfer matrix gives the equivalent boundary conditions at an interface. A spring model for describing physically a spherical imperfect interface is thus established and its validity is evaluated. Ultrasonic scatterings respectively from rigid and slip interface are numerically compared.     

超声波强化膜分离的研究进展

本文综述了超声波强化膜分离的机理，国内外超声波强化膜分离的研究现状以及影响超声波强化膜分离的因素(如声场参数、操作参数、料液性质等)；同时评述了该技术存在的问题。现有的研究成果表明：如何在利用超声波提高膜分离效率的同时，减小超声波对有机溶质及膜稳定性的影响，应是近期的研究重点。     

利用多普勒效应测定声速

本介绍了一种利用超声波的多普勒效应和拍现象简单有效的测量声速的方法。     

Ultrasonic evaluation of creep damage of Cr-Mo-V steel by acoustic microscopy

The evaluation of creep damages of Cr-Mo-V steel used in the gas turbine of power plant has been carried out using the line-focus-beam (LFB) acoustic microscopy. The velocity of leaky surface acoustic wave (LSAW) propagated near the specimen surface was used for the quantitative evaluations, which was measured by LFB acoustic microscopy using the v(z) curve analysis method. It has been shown that with the increase of creep damage fraction of metal material the LSAW velocity decreases obviously, which suggests the possibility of nondestructive and quantitative evaluations of creed damages in metal materials by acoustic microscopy.