Size Distribution and Anisotropy of the MinorPhase Droplets in Polypropylene/Ethylene-OcteneCopolymer Blends: Effects of Shear andComponent Miscibility简

In this work, polypropylene （PP）/octene-ethylene copolymer （POE） blends were injection-molded using the so- called dynamic packing injection technique, which imposed oscillatory shear on the gradually cooling melt during the packing solidification stage. In this way, the effect of shear on the size distribution and anisotropy of the minor phase droplets could be investigated. Besides, by using two kinds of POE with different octene contents, the effect of component miscibility was also studied. The results show that the droplet size is mainly determined by composition and miscibility, and droplet anisotropy is mainly determined by droplet size and shear. Most importantly, under the same processing condition, droplet anisotropy increases with droplet size, and there seems a linear fit between them, disregarding the miscibility factor. These results may provide guidance for preparing polymer blends with desired properties by tailoring their phase morphologies.     

Structure and Properties of β-Polypropylene Reinforced by Polypropylene Fiber and Polyamide Fiber

Matrix/fiber composites of β-form isotactic polypropylene(iPP) matrix and α-iPP or PA6 fibers were prepared by laminating technique under different preparation temperatures. The mechanical properties and interfacial morphologies of these composites were studied by tensile test, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The experimental results show that the tensile yield load and tensile modulus of β-iPP/PA6 matrix/fiber systems increased significantly at the expense of elongation at break. These mechanical properties show essentially no dependence on the sample preparation temperature. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of iPP matrix/fiber single polymer composites depend strongly on the sample preparation temperature. At low sample preparation temperature, e.g., 172 ℃, the solid α-iPP fiber induces α-iPP crystallization, leading to the formation of α-iPP transcrystalline layer around the fiber. This results in a remarkable increment of the tensile yield load and tensile modulus. The elongation at break is also much better than that of the iPP/PA6 matrix/fiber system. It reflects a better interfacial adhesion of the single polymer composite compared with the iPP/PA6 composite. At higher sample preparation temperature, e.g., 174 ℃ or 176 ℃, the partial surface melting of the oriented fiber allows interdiffusion of iPP molecular chains in the molten fiber and matrix melt. The penetration of matrix chains into the molten iPP fiber results in some iPP molecular chains being included partially in the recrystallized fiber and the induced β-transcrystalline layers. This kind of configuration leads to an improvement of interfacial adhesion between the fiber and matrix, which causes a simultaneous increase of the tensile yield load, tensile modulus and elongation at break of β-iPP.     

可生物降解聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)/相容剂/聚丙烯(PP)纺粘非织造布切片性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备可生物降解聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)/相容剂/聚丙烯(PP)纺粘非织造布切片,分别研究相容剂马来酸酐(MAH)、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-2)、马来酸酐-苯乙烯接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-(MAH-coSt))对切片性能的影响.当mPPC∶mPP为70∶30时,相容剂MAH、PP-2、PP-g-(MAH-co-St)的最优用量分别为PPC和PP总质量的1%、3%、8%,在最优用量下PPC/相容剂/PP纺粘非织造布切片的拉伸强度分别为20.16、21.27、26.34 MPa,熔体流动速率(MFR)分别为81.6 g/10min、103.6 g/10min、46.4 g/10min,T-5%较不添加相容剂时提高了50.5、10.0、28.0 K,扫描电镜图显示加了相容剂的切片内部结构紧密,相容性较好,30天降解率在3.12%以上.红外和核磁谱图表明相容剂PP-g-(MAH-co-St)的作用机理是其酸酐基团和PPC发生了开环反应,通过化学键作用促进PPC与PP相容.相容剂改善了切片的力学性能、热学性能和降解性能,提高了切片的界面粘附力和相容性,在满足纺粘生产工艺下,切片的综合性能和加工温度范围得到提高,为制备具有良好综合性能的可生物降解纺粘非织造布切片提供了理论数据.     

A convenient,highly-efficient method for preparation of hydroxyl-terminated isotactic poly(propylene) and functional di-block copolymer

Both terminated functional isotactic polypropylene （iPP） and block copolymers containing iPP segment are desirable for commercial applications. This paper provides a convenient, highly-efficient method to prepare hydroxyl-terminated isotactic polypropylene （iPP-t-OH） and functional di-block copolymer containing the iPP segment through a combination of coordination polymerization and coupling reaction. The coordination polymerization was catalyzed by TiCI4/MgCI2/AIEt3 catalyst system using ZnEt2 as chain transfer agent. Further, the Zn-terminated iPP was oxidized and subsequently hydrolyzed to provide iPP-t-OH. Soxhlet extraction and 13C NMR were used to calculate the isotacticity of iPP-t-OH. The degree of polymerization and the number of hydroxyl groups at the chain end of iPP-t-OH were measured by GPC and 1H NMR. Despite the high molecular weight and heterogeneous reaction, iPP-t-OH is effectively linked with PEG-t-NCO to produce di-block copolymers. DSC analysis of the di-block copolymer shows an obvious decrease in Tm and To, which indicated that PEG was successfully linked to the terminal end of iPP.     

Effect of silica nanoparticles/poly（vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene） coated layers on the performance of polypropylene separator for lithium-ion batteries

In an effort to reduce thermal shrinkage and improve electrochemical performance of porous polypropylene （PP） separators for lithium-ion batteries, a new composite separator is developed by introducing ceramic coated layers on both sides of PP separator through a dip-coating process. The coated layers are comprised of heat-resistant and hydrophilic silica nanoparticles and polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene （PVDF-HFP） binders. Highly porous honeycomb structure is formed and the thickness of the layer is only about 700 nm. In comparison to the pristine PP separator, the composite separator shows significant reduction in thermal shrinkage and improvement in liquid electrolyte uptake and ionic conduction, which play an important role in improving cell performance such as discharge capacity, C-rate capability, cycle performance and coulombic efficiency.     

非对称加外给电子体调控聚丙烯分子链结构

通过在反应器间加入不同的外给电子体,控制Ziegler-Natta催化剂催化丙烯聚合反应,并对聚丙烯立构规整度分布、超高分子量聚丙烯组分以及共聚单体分布情况进行了研究,结果表明,应用此方法可获得立构规整性分布受控、超高分子量组分含量高以及橡胶相增韧效果好的聚丙烯树脂.     

国内外非阻燃聚丙烯基木塑复合材料的研究进展

由于聚丙烯(PP)和天然植物纤维的不相容性,木塑复合材料(WPC)的性能不是很理想,研究者对此做了很多工作,包括对天然植物纤维的预处理、添加无机粒子/纤维及相容剂等.对天然植物纤维进行预处理可以破坏纤维网状结构中的氢键,去除覆盖在纤维表面的蜡状物和油,增加纤维表面的粗糙度,提高纤维与聚合物之间的物理连接;添加无机粒子/...     

聚并苯纳米颗粒与聚丙烯复合制备新型抗静电阻燃材料

用聚并苯纳米颗粒作为新型导电填料代替导电炭黑和石墨等, 制备出具有抗静电阻燃性能的纳米聚并苯/聚丙烯复合材料. 测定了复合材料的渗流转变区, 讨论了纳米聚并苯含量对复合材料体积电阻率和表面电阻率的影响. 实验结果表明, 所制备复合材料的渗流转变发生在纳米聚并苯质量分数为16.7%-28.6%范围内, 当纳米聚并苯含量为28.6%时, 体积电阻率下降至2.09×107 Ω·cm. 另外, 阻燃性能研究结果表明, 当纳米聚并苯质量分数为23.1%时, 复合材料在空气中可以自熄, 因而可应用于矿井中抗静电阻燃塑料管道.     

热分析在PP-R专用料性能评价中的应用

运用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和动态热机械分析法(DMA),测试了PP-R的结晶度、结晶和熔融半峰宽、储能模量和玻璃化转变温度等参数,通过比较这些参数并依据热分析相转变的相关理论,比较了两种PP-R的数均分子量及其分布和可能的力学性能;提供并验证了运用热分析测试手段,快速进行样品分子量及其分布和力学性能评价的方法.     

聚丙烯表面接枝改性络合金的研究

探索了一种通过聚丙烯(PP)改性来络合金金属的新途径.首先在PP膜上经紫外光引发实施丙烯酸的接枝聚合反应,得到表面带—COOH基团的改性PP膜;再用负离子开环聚合的方法在改性后的PP膜上接枝尼龙6.上述处理后的膜表面含有大量O、N的功能基团,故可将此膜用于对溶液中金的络合.利用ATR、SEM、XPS等技术对改性及络合进行了表征.实验结果表明,此方法制备的PP膜对金的络合效果明显.