激趣探秘格物致理——激发学生学习物理的兴趣方法小探

兴趣是最好的老师,物理教学中如何激发学生的学习兴趣,成为提高物理教学的关键所在.     

Application of DEM modified with enlarged particle model to simulation of bead motion in a bead mill

We applied the discrete element method （DEM） of simulation modified by an enlarged particle model to simulate bead motion in a large bead mill. The stainless-steel bead mill has inner diameter of 102 mm and mill length of 198 mm. The bead diameter and filling ratio were fixed respectively at 0.5 mm and 85%. The agitator rotational speed was changed from 1863 to 3261 rpm. The bead motion was monitored experimentally using a high-speed video camera through a transparent mill body. For the simulation, enlarged particle sizes were set as 3-6 mm in diameter. With the DEM modified by the enlarged particle model, the motion of enlarged particles in a mill was simulated.The velocity data of the simulated enlarged particles were compared with those obtained in the experiment. The simulated velocity of the enlarged particles depends on the virtual frictional coefficient in the DEM model. The optimized value of the virtual frictional coefficient can be determined by considering the accumulated mean value. Results show that the velocity of the enlarged particles simulated increases with an increase in the optimum virtual frictional coefficient, but the simulated velocity agrees well with that determined experimentally by optimizing the virtual frictional coefficient in the simulation. The computing time in the simulation decreases with increased particle size.     

Studies on the Molecular Chain Conformation Stability of Aminated Konjac Glucomannan

Konjac glucomannan （KGM） was aminated by 2-chloroethyl-amine （CEA） as reagent so as to study the influence of concentration of CEA （based on the amount of KGM）, concentration of NaOH, reaction time and temperature on the extent of amination. And the molecular simulation technology was adopted to analyze the conformation stability of aminate （AKGM）. The results indicate that when the amount of CEA is higher, the extent of amination is higher. The optimum concentration of NaOH, reaction time and temperature are 10% NaOH, 70 ℃ and 45 rain, respectively. IR shows KGM is successfully aminated. The conformation of AKGM is in a random clew-like shape.     

计算物理基础课程及教学资料的特色与使用

计算物理是培养学生以数值分析方法研究物理问题的课程,“十一五”国家级规划教材《计算物理基础》是国家精品课程所用的教材,自2010年由高等教育出版社出版以来广受好评.为进一步从语言学习、物理建模、算法与编程、科学计算可视化(图形研究)等几方面综合提高学生的能力与素质,出版者组织编写了与主教材配套的电子教案PPT与习题集.在减轻教师的教学工作量的同时,帮助学生启迪思维,提高运用数值分析方法的基本思想和规律分析问题和解决问题的能力.     

杠杆教学的高端备课

从杠杆的本质出发,提出杠杆是“放大”或“缩小”力的装置.按照从特殊到一般的顺序进行杠杆的教学,通过强化研究思路,全面介绍杠杆分类,从而使杠杆教学达到一个新的水平.     

OFDMA中继系统中基于QoS保证的资源分配算法

研究了 OFDMA 中继下行链路通信系统中的动态资源分配问题,提出了一种可以保证用户最低 QoS 需求的资源分配算法.首先在简化资源优化问题的过程中,采用等功率分配方法以降低算法复杂度,然后通过拉格朗日松弛优化方法推导出了子载波分配和中继选择最优解,并在此基础上引入用户速率权衡因子,根据速率权衡因子越大的用户,越具有选择子载波和中继的优先权这一准则进行子载波分配和中继选择.仿真结果表明:新算法能够获得较高的系统容量,同时也能很好地保证不同用户的最低速率需求.     

化学模拟在反应堆水化学课程中的应用

高温高压化学反应对反应堆设备的可靠性、反应堆性能的控制、核电站运行的安全持久性等具有重要影响，但相关实验难以在高校教学中开展。借助PHREEQC程序及最新热力学数据，建立了反应堆一回路硼酸-氢氧化锂添加配比、腐蚀沉淀物产生及二回路pH控制方案的化学反应模型。运用化学模拟来教学，促进了学生对所学知识的理解与掌握，丰富了现代教学方法。相关模型对核电企业的培训也具有一定参考价值。     

基于空间统计模型的热带气旋路径模拟及其风险评估

该研究致力于建立台风路径模拟模型,目的在于提高风险评估的稳健性和实用性。首先,采用中国台风网提供的CMA-STI热带气旋最佳路径数据集,以广东省为研究区域,通过引入空间统计模型,结合马尔可夫—蒙特卡罗方法模拟了西北太平洋的热带气旋路径。进一步,参数和非参数假设检验结果表明模拟结果是合理的,可以作为风险评估的数据来源。在此基础上,本研究模拟出620年的台风路径,给出了以地级市为基础的重现期估计和风险图绘制方法。研究发现,模拟数据克服了历史数据的时空局限性,与历史数据相比较,基于模拟数据估计的重现水平更具准确性和稳定性;其次,采用模拟方法还可以绘制出历史数据无法实现的大比例风险图,很大程度上提高了风险评估的实用性.研究结果可以作为保险行业开展巨灾保险业务,政府部门制定防灾减灾规划的科学依据.