由酸活化高岭土制备多级纳米孔HY分子筛及其表征

由酸活化的高岭土制备了多级纳米孔HY分子筛。通过改变老化时间和晶化时间可得到最大的多级因子(HF),此时外比表面积最大而微孔孔体积变化不大。运用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱、N2吸附-脱附法和NH3程序升温脱附对所得样品进行了表征。老化2 d和晶化24 h所制的纳米孔HY分子筛样品的HF值最大。样品的酸性和结晶度也随着制备条件而变化。另外,适量NaCl的嵌入对提高对所制样品的HF值、酸性和结晶度起到重要作用。通过比较样品和常规HY分子筛的XRD峰强度算得样品的结晶度。结果表明,优化合成条件可得到广泛适用于工业化的分子筛制备路线。     

专业学习共同体对化学全日制教育硕士课堂教学的影响

收集3位化学全日制教育硕士在中学实践过程中文本、视频等资料,采用个案研究、文本分析、课堂观察的质化方法,利用化学课堂教学系统构造模型对专业学习共同体多元成员的干预以及实践过程中化学全日制教育硕士的课堂教学进行分析和比较。结果表明:化学全日制教育硕士的课堂教学在专业学习共同体的干预下,发生了显著的变化,构造模型中的各个教学要素均有不同程度的提升,专业学习共同体中不同成员对全日制教育硕士教学的干预内容、作用效果、影响程度有所差异,并在此基础上建立教学变化模型。多元成员的专业学习共同体可以促进全日制教育硕士的教学发展,为教育硕士的培养改革提供了一种可供参考的实践干预范式。     

基于Rasch模型的高中化学学科核心素养测评研究——以“变化观念与平衡思想”为例

以《普通高中化学课程标准(2017年版)》对“变化观念与平衡思想”素养的内涵描述和水平划分为例,开发高中生“变化观念与平衡思想”素养测试题,运用Rasch测量模型对工具的质量进行检验、优化并加以运用。结合测试数据调查了学生“变化观念与平衡思想”素养水平现状,分析了研究被试能力值的学校差异和班级差异,并对该素养培养提出建议。     

宽带喇曼放大器的快速优化设计方法

介绍了一种改进的宽带分布式多泵浦喇曼放大器（DMRA）优化设计方法.通过研究多波长后向泵浦的喇曼放大器传输方程，采用合理的近似得出了快速DMRA的一个简化理论分析模型.通过对模拟退火算法几个优化环节的改进，使其能够更快速地应用于DMRA的多峰值问题的优化设计.利用该方法重点对C+L波段约80 nm带宽范围的DMRA进行了优化，在80 km传输光纤上，设计实现了开关增益10 dB，相对平坦度小于0.12，增益起伏小于1 dB的DMRA.与其他的DMRA设计方法相比，该方法使用较少的泵浦数目就能获得同样的增益带宽及平坦的谱特性.     

Stabilization of optical solitons in chirped PT-symmetric lattices

We investigate the stability properties of optical solitons in a chirped PT-symmetric lattice whose frequency changes in the transverse direction. Linear-stability analysis together with the direct propagation simulations demonstrates that the chirped lattice can improve the stability of optical solitons dramatically. The instability of fundamental solitons can be completely suppressed if the chirp rate exceeds a critical value. A broad stability area of dipole solitons appears if the lattice is appropriately chirped. Thus, we propose an effective way to suppress the instability of solitons in PT-symmetric potentials.     

气体分子平均相对速率与平均速率

给出气体分子的平均相对速率与平均速率关系式的一种简单推导过程。     

航空光谱相机反射镜部件的有限元分析

反射镜是光谱相机的关键元件,为保证在复杂环境下的成像质量,有必要对其进行研究分析以验证结构设计的可靠性。针对反射镜在工作中的面形变化及结构的动力学性能,应用有限元分析软件MSC.Nastran对反射镜部件进行了静力分析及随机振动分析。计算结果表明,装配时压紧力对反射镜面形变化影响明显,可根据计算结果指导装调;随机振动分析结果表明,反射镜部件结构设计可靠,符合结构破坏的3σ原则,能够满足成像对反射镜位置精度和面形精度的要求。     

The method of variation on parameters for integration of a generalized Birkhoffian system

This paper focuses on studying the integration method of a generalized Birkhoffian system.The method of variation on parameters for the dynamical equations of a generalized Birkhoffian system is presented.The procedure for solving the problem can be divided into two steps:the first step,a system of auxiliary equations is constructed and its general solution is given;the second step,the parameters are varied,and the solution of the problem is obtained by using the properties of generalized canonical transformation.The method of variation on parameters for the generalized Birkhoffian system is of universal significance,and we take a nonholonomic system and a nonconservative system as examples to illustrate the application of the results of this paper.     

Precise large deviations for a customer-based individual risk model

In this paper,we propose a customer-based individual risk model,in which potential claims by customers are described as i.i.d.heavy-tailed random variables,but different insurance policy holders are allowed to have different probabilities to make actual claims.Some precise large deviation results for the prospective-loss process are derived under certain mild assumptions,with emphasis on the case of heavy-tailed distribution function class ERV(extended regular variation).Lundberg type limiting results on the finite time ruin probabilities are also investigated.     

Invariant Measures and Asymptotic Gaussian Bounds for Normal Forms of Stochastic Climate Model

The systematic development of reduced low-dimensional stochastic climate models from observations or comprehensive high dimensional climate models is an important topic for atmospheric low-frequency variability, climate sensitivity, and improved extended range forecasting. Recently, techniques from applied mathematics have been utilized to systematically derive normal forms for reduced stochastic climate models for low-frequency variables. It was shown that dyad and multiplicative triad interactions combine with the climatological linear operator interactions to produce a normal form with both strong nonlinear cubic dissipation and Correlated Additive and Multiplicative (CAM) stochastic noise. The probability distribution functions (PDFs) of low frequency climate variables exhibit small but significant departure from Gaussianity but have asymptotic tails which decay at most like a Gaussian. Here, rigorous upper bounds with Gaussian decay are proved for the invariant measure of general normal form stochastic models. Asymptotic Gaussian lower bounds are also established under suitable hypotheses.