Effects of pattern dependence on high-power polarization-division-multiplexing applications

High-power polarization-division-multiplexing (PDM) systems or functional modules, such as self-phase-modulation (SPM)-based all-optical regenerators, cross-phase-modulation (XPM)-based wavelength convertors or format convertors, all-optical logical gate, and so on, may suffer from the effects of pattern dependence. Such effects are experimentally investigated using relative time delay variation between bit sequences with orthogonal polarization states in a 2 × 10.65 Gb/s high-power on-off keying (OOK) PDM system. Eye-diagram-based signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bandwidth of broadened spectrum are measured and compared. An eye-diagram-based SNR fluctuation of up to 4 dB may occur as the delay changes.     

一种基于经验模态分解的永久散射体探测方法

基于经验模态分解(EMD),提出了一种改进的永久散射体(PS)探测方法。对干涉图进行多尺度分解,基于梯度的自适应滤波对分解的本征模函数中的噪声进行低信噪比区域强滤波和高信噪比区域弱滤波,估算滤波后各PS候选(PSC)点的噪声相位。基于各PSC点的幅度和相位稳定性,对选取的PSC点的相位信息进行分析,判断其作为PS点的概率,进而选取可靠的PS点。实验结果表明:与传统的PS点选取方法相比,所提方法避免了探测过程中PS点的误判和漏判,准确性更高。     

环路跟踪卡尔曼滤波算法的性能分析

基于卡尔曼滤波的环路跟踪算法多是通过一定仿真证明算法性能,没有系统性性能评估,难以较好指导工程应用。在原有算法基础上进行了优化,并系统性地对比分析、评估了基于卡尔曼环路滤波算法性能,以期为算法工程化提供指导。首先提出对跟踪环路反馈调整量进行预测,使之更符合系统实际,减小环路跟踪误差。而后基于卫星信号模拟器输出信号和自生产信号源,充分评估基于卡尔曼滤波环路跟踪算法的收敛时间和灵敏度。仿真结果表明,相比目前工程常用的二阶FFL辅助三阶PLL算法,基于卡尔曼滤波环路跟踪算法能够缩短环路所需稳定时间约90%,并能提升跟踪灵敏度约5 d B,有效改善弱信号场景中接收机输出信息的完好性和连续性。     

IMPORTANCE MEASURE OF CORRELATED VARIABLES IN POLYNOMIAL OUTPUT

为了解决一般工程问题中输出量为多项式情况下相关正态输入变量的贡献识别问题，以二次不含交叉项的多项输出量为例，利用多维相关正态分布及其条件分布的性质，解析地推导了相关正态输入变量对输出量总方差的独立贡献及相关贡献，采用算例验证了所推导的解析表达式的正确性．文中所推导的相关正态变量独立贡献和相关贡献的表达式可直接用于输出量为二次不含交叉项多项式或一次多项式情况下的输入变量贡献的识别，并且为其他新的算法提供了对照解，另外此方法亦可以推广至含交叉项的高阶多项式，解决更为复杂输出量情况下输入量的贡献识别问题．     

超导Josephson隧道结性能和超导量子比特电路的设计方案

超导Josephson隧道结是实现超导量子比特的基本元件。利用悬空掩膜和电子束斜蒸发相结合的工艺方法制备Al/Al2O3/Al超导Josephson隧道结,并且系统研究了底电极、上电极薄膜的厚度及氧化参数等工艺条件与隧道结超导电流密度Jc和面积归一化电阻Rc的关系。设计测量了三种方案的超导量子比特电路,通过对参数和结构的优化测出了较理想的量子比特(qubit)信号。     

单幅圆条纹相位展开光刻对准研究

针对光刻对准中产生的单幅封闭干涉条纹经相位解析后获得的包裹相位,提出在极坐标系对其进行相位展开进而获得对准偏移量的方法.该方法首先将对准过程中两圆光栅相对移动产生条纹的相位分布从直角坐标系转换到极坐标系;其次分析在极坐标系下对准偏移量与相位参量的关系;最后通过取不同径向半径获得初始相位振幅与相位延迟进而求取对准偏移量.数值模拟与实验验证该方法的可行性并与传统的最小二乘与路径跟踪相位展开方法进行了对比分析.结果表明该方法对包裹相位进行展开进而达到几十纳米量级的高准确度对准,具有很强的适应性.     

Investigation of unique hue setting changes with ageing

Clromatic sensitivity along the protan, deutan, and tritan lines and the loci of the unique hues (red, green, yellow, blue) for a very large sample (n = 185) of colour-normal observers ranging from 18 to 75 years of age are assessed. Visual judgments are obtained under normal viewing conditions using colour patches on self-luminous display under controlled adaptation conditions. Trivector discrimination thresholds show an increase as a function of age along the protan, deutan, and tritan axes, with the largest increase present along the tritan line, less pronounced shifts in unique hue settings are also observed. Based on the chromatic (protan, deutan, tritan) thresholds and using scaled cone signals, we predict the unique hue changes with ageing. A dependency on age for unique red and unique yellow for predicted hue angle is found. We conclude that the chromatic sensitivity deteriorates significantly with age, whereas the appearance of unique hues is much less affected, remaining almost constant despite the known changes in the ocular media.     

DSO的稳定触发及FFT应用

对数字存储示波器的触发设置及FFT运算中的关键问题,即触发信源、触发模式、触发方式的选择进行了详细的阐述,给出了信号不能稳定触发时的具体处理方法;对决定着能否对一些复杂信号和微弱信号稳定同步触发的两个重要功能,即触发灵敏度及触发释抑时间的设置,进行了分析与实际测试;对DSO具有的FFT功能的设置及应用进行了阐述。这些功能的正确使用,是充分发挥数字存储示波器对信号强大捕获及分析处理功能的关键因素。     

基于能量对称分布相位相关配准的资源三号02星颤振探测

颤振是卫星平台在轨运行的固有现象之一,也是高分辨率对地观测卫星研究的难点和热点。针对资源三号02星在轨运行过程中的平台颤振情况,提出了一种基于能量对称分布的相位相关配准算法。结合多光谱相机各谱段相机之间的安装关系,考虑到平台的线性平滑运动特性,采用二次函数消除系统变化量,得到线性拟合的平台颤振曲线,最后利用星敏陀螺数据联合滤波得到卫星姿态复合验证曲线。实验结果表明:在模拟数据情况下,所提配准算法的配准精度能够达到0.05 pixel,可有效辅助探测卫星平台的颤振,并首次探测到资源三号02星平台存在0.63～0.65 Hz的颤振,振幅为0.41″～1.12″。     

Microanalysis of silver jewellery by laser-ablation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with enhanced sensitivity and minimal sample ablation

Laser-ablation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LA-LIBS) based on single Nd:YAG laser is used to analyze copper impurity in silver jewellery with enhanced sensitivity and minimal sample ablation. 6-30 folds signal enhancement can be achieved under the re-excitation of the breakdown laser and the spatial resolution is only determined by the ablation laser. 50 ppm limit of detection of copper is achieved when the crater diameter is 17.2 μm under current experimental condition. This technique gives higher analysis sensitivity under the same sample ablation in comparison with single pulse(SP) LIBS. It is useful for high sensitive element microanalysis of precious samples.