SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT OF PU IONOMERS WITH IONIC GROUPS ON HARD-SEGMENTS

SMPU （shape memory polyurethane） non-ionomers and ionomers, synthesized with poly（c-caprolactone） （PCL）, 4, 4＇-diphenylmethane diisocyanate （MDI）, 1,4-butanediol （BDO）, dimethylolpropionic acid （DMPA） were measured with cyclic tensile test and strain recovery test. The relations between the structure and shape memory effect of these two series were studied with respect to the ionic group content and the effect of neutralization. The resulting data indicate that, with the introduction of asymmetrical extender, the stress at 100% elongation is decreased for PU non-ionomer and ionomer series, especially lowered sharply for non-ionomer series; the fixation ratio of ionomer series is not affected obviously by the ionic group content; the total recovery ratio of ionomer series is decreased greatly. After sufficient relaxation time for samples stretched beforehand, the switching temperature is raised slightly, whereas the recovery ratio measured with strain recovery test method is lowered with increased DMPA content. The characterization with FT-IR, DSC, DMA elucidated that, the ordered hard domain of the two series is disrupted with the introduction of DMPA which causes more hard segments to dissolve in soft phase; ionic groups on hard segment enhance the cohesion between hard segments especially at high ionic group content and significantly facilitate the phase separation compared with the corresponding non-ionomer at moderate ionic group content.     

扫描探针纳米加工技术的现状与发展趋势

介绍了扫描探针纳米加工技术的基本原理、应用前景和最新进展 ,并讨论了该技术的发展趋势     

Electrochemical Characteristics of Mg0.9Ti0.1-xZrxNi （x=0.02, 0.04, 0.06） Alloys

Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys Mg0.9Ti0.1-xZrxNi (x=0.02, 0.04, 0.06) were successfully prepared by means of mechanical alloying (MA). The effects of Zr addition on the discharge capacity and the cycle performance of the Mg-based electrodes were also studied. It was found that the discharge capacities were improved with addition of a small amount of Zr and the cycle performances of the alloy were stabilized with the addition of Ti. The effects of surface modification or coating on the properties of Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni were also studied. The results indicated that coating with graphite improved both the discharge capacity and cycle life of the amorphous Mg0.9Ti0.06Zr0.04Ni electrode.     

四元Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9X0.1(X=Mn,Zn,Co,Fe)系列合金的制备及性能研究

用机械合金化法合成了Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9X0.1(X=Mn, Zn, Co, Fe)系列合金. X射线衍射(XRD)结构分析表明, 用X部分替代Ni后, 促进了Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni合金的非晶化过程. 用Co和Fe部分替代Ni提高了合金的放电容量, 但却降低了合金的循环稳定性. 用Zn和Mn部分替代Ni提高了合金电极的循环寿命, 尤其是Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9Zn0.1合金电极经10个充放电循环后, 其放电容量仍可达到313.8 mA·h/g. 对添加Co后的合金进行p-c-T测试发现, Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni0.9Co0.1合金的吸放氢容量明显比Mg0.9Ti0.1Ni合金高, 这与电化学所测到的结果一致.     

聚乙烯醇硫酸钾水凝胶电机械化学行为研究

通过将交联聚乙烯醇硫酸酯化的方法制备了一种新型电刺激响应性聚乙烯醇硫酸钾(PVSK)智能水凝胶,并探讨了溶液离子强度和pH对PVSK水凝胶的溶胀吸水率、机械性能以及电机械化学行为的影响.结果表明,制备的PVSK水凝胶的平衡溶胀比随NaCl溶液离子强度的增大而减小,在pH2.39～10.83范围内基本不受溶液pH的影响;经不同离子强度和pH的NaCl溶液充分溶胀的PVSK水凝胶具有良好的机械性能,在非接触的直流电场作用下,该水凝胶向电场负极弯曲,凝胶的弯曲速度和弯曲偏转量随外加电场强度的增加而增大,随NaCl溶液离子强度的增大出现临界最大值,但不随溶液pH(2.08～10.53)的改变而改变;在循环电场作用下,PVSK水凝胶的电机械化学行为具有良好的可逆性.     

Fatigue damage behavior of a surface-mount electronic package under different cyclic applied loads

This paper studies and compares the effects of pull-pull and 3-point bending cyclic loadings on the mechanical fa- tigue damage behaviors of a solder joint in a surface-mount electronic package. The comparisons are based on experimental investigations using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） in-situ technology and nonlinear finite element modeling, respec- tively. The compared results indicate that there are different threshold levels of plastic strain for the initial damage of solder joints under two cyclic applied loads; meanwhile, fatigue crack initiation occurs at different locations, and the accumulation of equivalent plastic strain determines the trend and direction of fatigue crack propagation. In addition, simulation results of the fatigue damage process of solder joints considering a constitutive model of damage initiation criteria for ductile materials and damage evolution based on accumulating inelastic hysteresis energy are identical to the experimental results. The actual fatigue life of the solder joint is almost the same and demonstrates that the FE modeling used in this study can provide an accurate prediction of solder joint fatigue failure.     

NbTi CICC导体横向机械性能分析

超导导体的力学性能是决定导体载流性能的重要影响因素之一,构成超导磁体的超导电缆在运行过程中受电磁力、热应力的作用,会导致其内部超导线产生应变,进而影响其载流性能和交流损耗,因此研究电磁循环载荷对超导电缆的影响有着重要的意义。对国际热核聚变实验堆中极向场线圈中Nb Ti超导导体进行机械压缩实验,并从形变量、弹性模量、弹性功等方面,对其机械强度进行分析。该方法可以在不进行电磁循环测试的情况下快速判断导体机械性能,为导体设计提供初步性能评判依据。结果显示,PF1-6NbTi超导导体相对于测试的其他PF导体在相同工况下,累积形变量与最大形变量更小。通过进一步对导体结构设计进行对比分析,发现低空隙率以及短节距绞线可以有效提高电缆机械性能。     

几种吊钩中的力学问题探析

对吊装机械中使用的几种吊钩在吊装重物时的受力情况进行分析和比较,说明了各自的特点及其应用.     

丙烯酸水溶液聚合法制备PTFE/PAA/Nafion膜及其性能

采用廉价的多孔聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜作为基底, 用少量的Nafion与PTFE膜复合可制备低成本的质子膜. 但疏水性的PTFE膜与亲水性的Nafion膜结合性不佳. 基于此, 本文对疏水性的PTFE膜材料表面进行设计, 先采用丙烯酸对疏水性的PTFE膜表面进行亲水性改性, 再喷涂亲水性Nafion膜, 完成低成本PTFE/PAA/Nafion膜的制备. 实验结果表明, 改性前的PTFE膜材料水接触角为150°, 改性后的膜接触角变为55.6°, 亲水性大幅上升, 膜的机械强度和尺寸稳定性(断裂强度为25.2 MPa, 80 ℃下的溶胀率为11.9%)均优于Nafion117膜, 而 Nafion用量则节省了60%. PTFE/PAA/Nafion膜具有高质子导通率(80 ℃下达到131.9 mS/cm), 接近于Nafion117膜, 最大功率密度可以达到404.2 mW/cm².     

机械球磨制备三苯胺基PAF-106s及C2烃吸附性质

以三苯胺为单体, 无水三氯化铁为催化剂, 二甲醇缩甲醛为外交联剂, 通过机械球磨不同比例的三苯胺、 三氯化铁和二甲醇缩甲醛, 合成了PAF-106s(PAF-106a~PAF-106c, PAF: porous aromatic framework). 红外光谱、 元素分析、 X射线光电子能谱和固体核磁共振波谱等表征结果证明发生了聚合反应. 氮气吸附结果表明, 三苯胺、 三氯化铁和二甲醇缩甲醛的比例影响PAF-106s的多孔性能. 三氯化铁和三苯胺摩尔比从3∶1增加到12∶1时, PAF-106c的BET比表面积从PAF-106a的135 m²/g增加到280 m²/g. 引入二甲醇缩甲醛后, PAF- 106d~PAF-106g的BET比表面积随三氯化铁和二甲醇缩甲醛摩尔比的增加而逐渐降低. 在273和298 K下, 测试了PAF-106c的C2烃吸附性能, 并采用理想吸附溶液理论计算了C₂H₂/C₂H₄和C₂H₆/C₂H₄分离比.