磨削粗糙表面法向接触刚度研究

为更加准确地描述机械磨削表面的接触刚度,本文在现有统计分析理论的基础上,提出了一种新的粗糙表面接触模型。模型针对接触表面微凸体形貌,将原有的球体假设采用cos函数曲线回转体代替,在假设形貌的基础上重新解算了微凸体弹塑性变形的临界压入深度,推导出了接触区域真实接触压力与接触刚度关系表达式。通过数值仿真方法得到了不同塑性指数下平均距离、接触刚度与接触压力之间的变化关系。对比结果显示,随着塑性指数的增大,本文模型的平均距离与球形模型的平均距离之间的差值逐渐增大。在接触刚度方面,本文模型相比球形模型更加贴近实验结果,并且随着塑性指数的增加,球形模型与本文模型之间的差值越来越大。本文模型结果与实验数据的相对偏差能够控制在5%以内,从而验证了本文模型的正确性,为更加准确地描述磨削表面零件的接触行为提供理论基础。     

数字滤波器在惯性测量装置中的应用

分析了数字电压表和数字示波器对惯性测量装置（IMU）模拟输出的测量数据，为了减少惯性测量装置模拟输出中的干扰信号对模数转换结果的影响，设计了数字巴特沃斯滤波器和中值平均滤波器。通过计算机仿真和实测说明：这两种数字滤波方法均可以在几乎不增加硬件的条件下提高IMU数字输出精度。     

SOIL AGGREGATE AND ITS RESPONSE TO LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

This paper provides a broad review of the existing study on soil aggregate and its responses to land management practices. Soil aggregate is used for structural unit, which is a group of primary soil particles that cohere to each other more strongly than other surrounding particles. The mechanism of soil particle aggregation may be expressed by a hierarchical model, which is based upon the hypothesis that macroaggregates （〉250μm） are collections of smaller microaggregates （〈250μm） held together with organic binding agents. Primary particles form microaggregates and then macroaggregates. Carbon （C）-rich young plant residues form and stabilize macroaggregates, whereas old organic C is occluded in the microaggregates. The interaction of aggregate dynamics with soil organic carbon （SOC） is complex and embraces a range of spatial and temporal processes within macroaggregates and microaggregates. The nature and properties of aggregates are determined by the quantity and quality of coarse residues and humic compounds and by the degree of their interaction with soil particles. The mechanisms resulting in the binding of primary soil particles into stable aggregates vary with soil parent material, climate, vegetation, and land management practices. Land management practices, including tillage methods, residue management, amendments, and soil fertility management, enhance soil aggregation. However, there is still much uncertainty in the dynamics of organic matter in macroaggregation and microaggregation, and research is still needed to understand further the mechanisms of aggregate formation and its responses to human activities.     

固体中微裂纹系统统计演化的基本描述

本文建议了一种在外界载荷作用下,在固体中产生的微损伤的统计演化的理论描述方法。特别是,作为一个例子,讨论了理想微裂纹系统,以便了解在微裂纹成核和扩展过程中,损伤演化的基本行为。本文也简单讨论了有关的平均损伤函数。     

微管内气液两相流中液膜厚度的实验测量

微通道内气液两相流中气柱(plug bubble)与通道壁之间液膜厚度的实验测量,是微热管、微流动、微电子冷却以及气泡雾化等研究中普遍关注的问题.本文利用基于光学干涉和快速傅立叶变换的空间频谱分析方法,实验测量获取了含表面活性剂水中气柱在750μm 通道内运动时其与通道壁面之间的液膜厚度.实验结果表明:表面活性剂对液膜厚度的影响比较明显,即当表面活性剂浓度在一定范围内增大时,液膜厚度会减小;此外,当气柱运动速度在一定范围内增大时,液膜厚度也会减小.     

用于显微图像和平滑图像的梯度数字相关法

随着微观实验力学技术的发展,显微图像的相关分析与计算变得越来越重要.与以往的宏观图像和散斑图像相比,显微图像具有明显不同的特点,即团状,灰度变化平缓、大颗粒等.为了对这类图像进行稳定、较高精度的分析,本文提出了微区图像梯度数字相关方法,并通过实验探讨了所提算法的检测性能.     

Synthesis and characterization of magnetic polymer microspheres with a core-shell structure

Non-porous magnetic polymer microspheres with a core-shell structure were prepared by a novel micro-suspension polymerization technique. A stable iron oxide ferrofluid was used to supply the magnetic core, and the polymeric shell was made of glycidyl methacrylate （GMA monomer） and ethylene dimethacrylate （cross-linker）. In the preparation, polyvinyl alcohol was used as the stabilizer, and a lauryl alcohol mixture as the dispersant. The influence of various conditions such as aqueous phase volume, GMA and initiator amounts, reaction time and stirring speed on the character of the microspheres was investigated. The magnetic microspheres were then characterized briefly. The results indicate that the microspheres with active epoxy groups had a narrow size distribution range from 1 to 10 μm with a volume-weighted mean diameter of 4.5 μm. The saturation magnetization reached 19.9 emu/g with little coercivity and remanence.     

微加速度传感器的结构刚度分析新法

微传感器结构刚度是优化传感器结构尺寸、研究传感器动态响应特性的一个重要参数．目前多采用有限元分析获取这一参数,但该方法难于给出一个物理思想比较明确的解析表达式．针对自主开发设计的一种具有复杂微结构的加速度传感器,提出综合运用力法和能量法原理求解其主轴刚度,并通过仿真分析验证了理论推导．理论计算与仿真分析的结果有较好的一致性．该方法可推广应用于具有对称、静不定微结构的加速度传感器的刚度分析．     

基于微机械陀螺的MIMU关键技术

针对基于微机械陀螺的MIMU关键技术，对其进行研究和解决。参加美国JDAM性能指标和导航精度要求，计算陀螺性能参数：采用多级大容量的滤波器及有源电流限制电路，同时电源的输入端接入EMC滤波器，以提高电磁兼容性，并能抵抗浪涌和拉偏的能力；DSP实现信号实时采集，采用高次多项式拟合预处理去除数据野值；根据GJB729评估方法，利用利用蒙特卡罗方法仿真进行精度评估；最后按照GJB813进行可靠性分析。     

含夹杂和微裂纹复合材料的损伤演化和分析

利用细观力学的Ｅｓｈｅｌｂｙ和Ｍｏｒｉ－Ｔａｎａｋａ理论，考虑纤维和微裂纹之间的相互作用，研究了定向分布微裂纹的演化规律及其对材料力学性能的影响，分析了纤维体积份数，弹性系数、微裂纹密度，纤维不同取向与基体开裂强度之间的变化关系，并给出了许多有意义的结论。