多孔介质热弥散系数的分形模型北大核心CSCD

热弥散系数是与流体的物性和多孔介质结构有关的,表征多孔介质传热传质强弱的重要参数.该文建立了分形多孔介质的孔喉结构模型,研究了在孔喉结构处流体由湍流状态变为层流状态的局部水头损失和速度弥散效应,在考虑微观孔喉结构和速度弥散效应的影响下,推导了热弥散系数关系式.研究表明,热弥散系数与孔喉比、孔喉结构个数和迂曲分形维数成正比,与孔隙率和面积分形维数成反比.进一步研究发现,孔喉比在1~150范围内对速度弥散效应有显著影响,流体在孔喉结构处存在局部水头损失,导致速度弥散效应增强,热弥散系数增大.     

N—正辛基己内酰胺从硝酸介质中萃取铀（Ⅵ）的动力学研究

采用上升单液滴法研究了Ｎ－正辛基己内酰胺从硝酸介质中萃取铀（Ⅵ）的动力学，得出Ｕ（Ⅵ）的萃取速率与水相中铀浓度的１次方成正比，与温度（１０－４５℃）无关；萃合物向有机相的扩散为萃取过程的速控步骤。     

Preparation and Characterization of Mesoporous Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 Mixed Oxide

Mesoporous （MSU） Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 mixed oxide with a high specific surface area has been synthesized under weak acidic condition in the presence of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The effect of the pH value on the formation of mesostructure and the thermal stability of the material has been evaluated. The products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements. The results showed that the as-prepared Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 mixed oxide possessed a specific surface area of 163.3 m^2·g^-1, which had a cubic fluorite-type structure and possessed specific surface areas of 148.4 and 62.4 m^2·g^-1 after calcination at 500 and 800 ℃ for 2 h, respectively. The material showed excellent thermal stability.     

有机溶液中电化学制备纳米MgTiO3

In a cell without separating the cathode and anode spaces, the precursor MgTi(OCH₂CH₃)_(6-y)(acac)_y of the mixed oxide MgTiO₃ was directly synthesized by electrochemical dissolution of titanium for 4 hours and then of magnesium for 1 hour 40 minutes at the current of 0.2 A in ethanol and acetyl-acetone solution. The nano- MgTiO₃ powder was prepared by a direct sol-gel process of the electrolyte solution under pH≈8.5 followed by washing, drying in vacuum for 24 h, and calcination at 500 ℃ for 2 h. IR and Raman spectroscopy, XRD, and TEM were used to investigate the structure of nano-MgTiO₃ and its precursor. The result suggested that it was more appropriate to control the temperature between 35～40 ℃ and the concentration of conductive additive (Bu₄N)Br at 0.04 mol·L^-1. The xerogel with an average particle size of 12 nm and the nano-MgTiO₃ of 20 nm was thus obtained in a high purity.     

ZrO2在Si(100)-2×1表面原子层淀积反应机理的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函方法研究了ZrO₂在羟基预处理的Si(100)-2×1表面原子层淀积(ALD)初始反应过程的反应机理, ZrO₂的ALD过程包括两个前体反应物ZrCl₄和H₂O交替的半反应. 两个半反应都经历一个相似的吸附中间体反应路径. 比较单羟基Si表面反应的反应焓变, 可以发现双羟基Si表面反应, 由于相邻羟基的存在, 对ZrCl₄的半反应影响较大, 尤其是化学吸附能增加明显. 而对于H₂O的半反应, 单、双羟基Si表面反应的能量变化不是很明显. 使用内禀反应坐标(IRC)方法, 验证了两个半反应存在相似的过渡态结构和反应机理. 另外, 发现随着温度的升高, 吸附络合物的稳定性降低, 其向反应物方向的解吸附变得容易, 而向产物方向的解离难度增加.     

Hollow Cancrinite Zeolite Spheres in situ Transformed from Fly Ash Cenosphere

A novel hollow microsphere structure with cancrinite zeolite grown from the shell of fly ash cenosphere has been successfully prepared through in situ transformation in vapor phase; the orientation and morphology of cancrinite can be greatly improved by adding tetrapropylammonium hydrate into the synthetic system.     

冠醚修饰的固体支撑双层类脂膜的形成及性能研究

用饱和了胆固醇和饰用冠醚的角鲨烷／氯仿溶液作成膜液，制备了冠醚修饰的固体支撑双层类脂分子膜。重点考察了成膜物种及技术对膜稳定性及电特生影响。其膜电势随接触水相中的变化呈现Ｎｅｒｎｓｔ响应，线性范围１０＾－４－１０＾－１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

不锈钢支撑双层类脂膜离子传感器的电化学研究与应用

C60;分子器件;不锈钢支撑双层类脂膜离子传感器的电化学研究与应用     

多孔活性炭孔径分布的表征

总结了利用气体吸附法表征多孔活性炭中孔和微孔孔径分布的各种方法。BJH方法和MP模型忽略了微孔内势能叠加效应,仅适合描述中孔孔径分布;HK模型和以Dubinin填充理论为基础的各种方法,考虑了微观下势能叠加的效果,在一定程度上能很好地描述微孔孔径分布;最近围绕GAI(GeneralizedAdsorptionIsotherm)而展开的利用密度范函理论(DFT,densityfunctiontheory)和巨正则系综蒙特卡罗(GCMC,grandcanonicalensemblemontecarlo)模拟确定微孔孔径分布的方法较好地克服了Dubinin理论中存在的缺点,是较好的两种方法,但其有效性还需要更多的实验结果来证明。     

在非水介质中进行酶促反应的几个重要问题

介绍了在非水介质中酶促反应的最新进展。较深入地讨论了介质性质对酶的催化活性及立体选择性的影响，有机溶剂中必需水含量对酶催化反应的重要性，描述了非缓冲体系中的盐及其它极性添加剂对酶活性的影响，介绍了在非均相的低共熔体系中进行酶促合成肽的研究。