《中国光学》投稿须知

1征稿范围 本刊征集反映国内外光学、光电子学、光学技术应用的最新科学理论、研究成果、前沿技术和发展动态的原创性论文、技术报告、阶段性研究报告和综合评述等。     

注意缺陷多动障碍两种亚型脑血流动力学特征研究

探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(Attention Deficit and Hyperactive Disorder,ADHD)混合型(ADHD-C)及多动-冲动为主型(ADHD-HI)儿童在言语流畅性任务(Verbal Fluency Task,VFT)中脑血流动力学反应特征及差异.通过整合视听持续性操作测试将ADHD患儿区分亚型(33名ADHD-C型及36名ADHD-HI型),之后采用功能近红外光谱成像仪技术(functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy,fNIRS)测量两组患儿在VFT中前额和左右颞叶血流动力学反应特征,并计算其积分值与重心值.结果发现,在注意力商数上,ADHD-C组得分均低于ADHD-HI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组亚型患儿视觉得分低于听觉得分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).在VFT测试中,ADHD-C组的左右颞叶积分值较ADHD-HI组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组亚型患儿左右颞叶的积分值与综合注意商、听觉注意商、视觉注意商均呈显著正相关(P<0.01).由此可见,ADHD-C与AD...     

英文课程"药物分析中的分离技术"教学有感

英文课程"药物分析中的分离技术"是南开大学化学学院为本科生开设的专业选修课。在授课过程中,将南开大学有效教学团队引入的有效教学O-AMAS模型融入到课程的教学中,践行了"学以致用,用以促学,学用相长"的教学理念。     

常压下玉米秸秆液化工艺的优化及其生物油分析

随着化石能源的日益短缺，可再生木质生物质资源的利用越来越受到重视，常压液化技术是生物质资源高效利用的主要方式之一。利用单因素方法，探讨液化温度、复配液化剂二甘醇（DEG）与1,2-丙二醇（PG）的混合比、液固比、催化剂磷酸的用量、反应时间等因素对玉米秸秆液化得率的影响，以便优化其液化工艺；然后采用热重分析仪（TGA）、气相色谱-质谱技术（GC-MS）和核磁共振（NMR）技术对此优化条件下所得生物油的挥发降解特性和主要组成成分进行了检测探讨。分析表明，玉米秸秆液化时优化工艺参数为：液化温度170 ℃，液化剂DEG与PG混合比1∶2，液固比5∶1，H₃PO₄用量10%，反应时间45 min；此时玉米秸秆液化得率高至99.50%。TGA结果表明，此条件下所得生物油含有80%以上碳数小于25的化合物，热解后最终残炭量约为15%。GC-MS表明，可以检测出此生物油中含有的39种有机物，其中，醇类有机物的含量最多，酚类有机物的含量次之，它们相对含量依次是70.70%和25.63%，其还含有一定量的有机酸（2.80%）、醚类（0.64%）、酯类（0.10%）和酮类（0.13%）等有机物；其组分十分复杂，高含氧量，稳定性较差。1H-和13C-NMR分析表明，不同化学位移δ与生物油中不同类型的质子和碳原子相对应，明确生物油中不同类型H和C的分布，有利于对其分子结构进行深入探讨。这些研究为非木材生物质高效液化条件的选择及液化产物制备化学品和生物燃油给予理论基础与应用支持，促进了生物质资源的有效转化利用及其生物质基产品的开发。     

All-reflective optical system design for extreme ultraviolet lithography

All-reflective optical systems,due to their material absorption and low refractive index,are used to create the most suitable devices in extreme ultraviolet lithography （EUVL）.In this letter,we present a design for an all-reflective lithographic projection lens.We also discuss its design idea and structural system.After analysis of the four-mirror optical system,the initial structural parameters are determined,the optical system is optimized,and the tolerances of the system are analyzed.We also show the implementation of optimal layout and desired imaging performance.     

A Phase-Controlled Optical Parametric Amplifier Pumped by Two Phase-Distorted Laser Beams

We theoretically study the phase characteristic of optical parametric amplification （OPA） or chirped pulse OPA （OPCPA） pumped by two phase-distorted laser beams. In the two-beam-pumped optical parametric amplification （TBOPA）, due to spatial walk-off, both of the pump phase distortions will be partly transferred to signal in a single crystal so as to degrade the signal beam-quality, which will be more serious in high-energy OPCPA. An OPA configuration with a walkoff-compensated crystal pair is demonstrated for reducing the signal phase distortion experienced in the first stage and ensuring the signal phase independent of two pump phase distortions through the second crystal, hence maintaining the signal beam-quality. Such a TBOPA is similar to the conventional quantum laser amplifier by means of eliminating its sensitivity to the phase and number of the pump beams.     

Precision measurements of strangeness photoproduction at threshold energies with the Crystal Ball at MAMI-C

The photoproduction of K＋ mesons from the nucleon provides important constraints on the nucleon excitation spectrum and at threshold energies challenges effective field theories based on chiral perturbation in the strange quark sector. Preliminary cross-section measurements for γ（P, K＋）A are presented at an unprecedented beam energy resolution. The data was collected at the MAMI-C facility in Mainz using the Crystal Ball Detector. A new method of K＋ detection was used in which the K＋ is tagged from its weak decay products in the detector crystals. This technique has application with other calorimeters at present and future hadron facilities.     

Structural,Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties of La-deficient La0.77-xSrxCa0.2MnO2 Perovskites

La-deficient La0.77-x Ca0.2SrxMnO3 （0 〈 x 〈 0.1） polycrystalline samples are synthesized using the sol-gel technique. The crystal structures of all the samples are single orthorhombic phase with Pbnm space group. Rietveld analysis of x-ray diffraction patterns shows that the Mn-O-Mn bond angle θUn-O-Mn increases whereas the Mn-O bond length dMn--o decreases monotonically with increasing Sr^2＋ content, which results in a rich overlap between Mn 3d and O2p orbitals and leads to a systematic increase of the Curie temperature in this compound. It is found that the magnetic entropy change has a maximum at x = 0.06 in La^3＋-deficient La0.77-xCa0.2SrxMnO3. This may result from competition between the super-exchange interactions （Mn 4＋-O2--Mn4＋） and double-exchange interactions （Mn^3＋-O^2- -Mn^4＋） originating from the appearance of superfluous Mn^4＋ ions by substitution of Sr^2＋ for La^3＋ in this series. Large magnetic entropy changes of 2.32 and 1.83Jkg^-1K^-1 in the x = 0.06 and x = 0.1 samples at their Tcs of 271 K and 303K upon a low magnetic field （10kOe） make these materials promising candidates at near room temperature.     

飞秒激光制作铌酸锂光波导的研究

针对Z切割铌酸锂晶体在中心波长为800 nm、重复频率为76 MHz的飞秒脉冲激光下,利用放大倍数为40、数值孔径为0.65的会聚透镜聚焦,研究了扫描速度和扫描次数的变化时刻写光波导结构的影响,分析了波导结构变化的原因,并测试了1×2光波导功分器的通光性能.实验结果表明:在采用横向扫描、聚焦深度为350～400tm、扫...