低维材料的热导率

一根导热棒 ,如果在它的两端存在温差 ,便会有热量从高温端流向低温端 .这种能量在固体中的传输 ,不是沿着棒按照直线路径完成的 ;其间 ,导热声子将遭遇到频繁的碰撞 ,从而产生热阻 .表征材料导热性能的物理量是热导率κ[单位是W /(m·K) ],而传输的热流密度 jQ(W /m2 )与温度梯度成正比 ,即 jQ=-κdT/dX .如果声子在传输过程中不经历散射 ,则不论导热棒多长 ,jQ 将不依赖于温度梯度 ,而仅仅取决于两端的温差 .引入声子平均自由程l ,经典理论给出 ,κ =(1/3)Cvl,其中C是单位体积材料的热容 ,v是声子的平均速度 .在低温下 ,对于无杂质缺…     

纳米级自旋电子学材料取得重要进展

因为纳米级的自旋电子学器件需要在纳米尺度上仍能在较高温度下保持优异性能的高自旋极化率材料，故与半导体相容的半金属铁磁体近来受到高度重视．文章介绍作者在这个方向上研究工作的最新重要进展：通过大规模系统的高精度第一原理计算，作者发现三个3d过渡金属硫系化合物的闪锌矿相具有优异的半金属铁磁性，并且其结构性能适合做成具有足够厚度的薄膜或层状材料，便于应用于纳米级自旋电子学器件。     

Structural and Electrical Characteristics of Pb（Zr0.53,Ti0.47）O3 Thin Films Deposited on Si （100） Substrates

Pb(Zr0.53, Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) films were directly deposited on Si substrates without a buffer layer by pulsed laser deposition. Only(110)-oriented PZT peaks (other than Si substrate peaks) were observed from the XRD data. The electrical properties of the PZT/Si capacitor were characterized in terms of both the capacitance versus voltage (C-V) and current versus voltage (I-V) measurements. The clockwise trace of the C-V curve shows ferroelectric polarization switching, as is expected. From the I-V curves, the Schottky emission and spacecharge-limited-current behaviour are found to be the mainly leakage current mechanism in a certain electric field range in the negative and positive bias, respectively.     

Recursion Relations of Radial Wavefunctions of the Hartmann Potential

We obtain exact bound state solutions of the radial Schroedinger equation with the Hartmann potential, as well as two kinds of recursion relations of radial wavefunctions by using Laplace transformation. Those results are expressed only in terms of the principal and angular-momentum quantum numbers.     

Rotational Deformation of Neutron Stars

The rotational deformations of two kinds of neutron stars are calculated by using Hartle‘s slow-rotation formulism. The results show that only the faster rotating neutron star gives an obvious deformation. For the slow rotating neutron star with a period larger than hundreds of millisecond, the rotating deformation is very weak.     

The Analysis and Improving of the Microwave Exciter in the Lower Hybrid Wave System

When we carry out lower hybrid wave heating and current driving plasma experiment at tokamak, we need mega-watt order of microwave power. The microwave signal at frequency of 2450 MHz is generated by a microwave exciter. According to the experiment＇s demands, the microwave exciter must provide output power of 1.5～ 2. 5 W with stabilized frequency and amplitude tobe used as the klystron input. Being amplified by the klystron, the microwave signal is transmitted through the transmitting system to the antenna and is emitted into the HL-2A tokamak. So we can see that the microwave exciter＇s function is very important to the lower hybrid wave heating and current driving plasma experiment.     

Probing the Microscopic Origin of Gravity via Precision Polarization and Spin Experiments

As in other parts of physics, we advocate the interaction approach: experiments ←→ (… are influenced and their importance is determined by … and vice versa) phenomenology ←→ low-energy effective (field) theory ←→ microscopic theory to probe the microscopic origin of gravity, Using the X-g phenomenological framework, we discuss the tests of equivalence principles. The only experimentally unconstrained degree of freedom is the axion freedom. It has effects on the long-range astrophysical/cosmological propagation of electromagnetic waves and can be tested/measured using the future generation of polarization measurement of cosmic background radiation.The verification or refutal of this axionic effect will be a crucial step for constructing an effective theory and probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interaction of spin with gravity is another important clue for probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interplay of experiments, phenomenology and effective theory are expounded. An ideal way to reveal the microscopic origin of gravity is to measure the gyrogravitational ratio of particles, Three potential experimental methods are considered.     

Spin Squeezing and Entanglement of Many-Particle Spin-Half States

In many-particle spin-half systems with exchange symmetry, we find that the spin squeezing is related to two types of entanglement, the bipartite and the pairwise entanglement. A quantitative relationship is revealed for the spin squeezing parameter, the tangle, and the concurrence. We find that a class of states is spin squeezed if the pairwise entanglement is stronger than the bipartite entanglement.     

EPT／BIIR橡胶密封材料制备及其性能

为了探索具备低水蒸气透过系数、低透气系数、低压缩永久变形以及良好耐老化性能的新型橡胶密封材料，鉴于影响并用胶性能的主要因素是共混相容性以及硫化速度，从实现并用胶优势互补角度出发，优选综合性能较好的三元乙丙橡胶（EPT）和溴化丁基橡胶（BIIR），开展了EPT／BIIR共混共硫化技术研究，并开展了DBPMH／HVA-2过氧化物硫化体系在EPT／BIIR并用胶中的应用研究。     

类铍离子低激发态等电子系列的能量、精细结构和超精细结构

采用多组态相互作用方法及Rayleigh-Ritz 变分方法，并考虑相对论修正和质量极化效应，获得了类铍离子等电子系列（Z=4-10）低激发态1s²2p2p ¹D^e和1s²2p3p ³P^e的相对论能量。同时还计算了精细结构和超精细结构。计算结果与其他理论和实验符合的很好。