Development of high bio‐content polypropylene composites with different industrial lignins

Sustainability, eco‐efficiency, pollution prevention, industrial ecology, and green chemistry are considering platform‐based approaches to the development of the next generation of products and processes. Recently, renewable alternatives to traditional petroleum‐derived plastics have motivated recent interest in bio‐based composite materials which can contribute to the reduction of the environmental footprint. Lignin is a complex and amorphous biopolymer with a high density of functional groups and high modulus, which makes it potentially promising for material applications. In this sense, lignin can potentially be employed to improve the performance of materials and an economical alternative to convert lignin into high value‐added materials. Two different types of Kraft lignin were incorporated into polypropylene to fabricate composites with high bio‐content. In this study, polypropylene, Kraft lignin, and coupling agent were subjected to reactive extrusion. The composites prepared by melt processing were compared in terms of morphological, mechanical, and thermal characterizations. The results revealed that the incorporation of lignin into polypropylene matrix resulted in composites with properties suitable for various industrial sectors, especially those in which mechanical and thermal properties are crucial, such as the replacement of engineering plastics and polypropylene mineral filled. As a result, this work provides an effective way of using lignin as a low‐cost bio‐renewable resource in the plastics industry.     

Generation of third harmonic emission in propagation of femtosecond laser pulses in air

The main characteristics of the third harmonic emission generated by femtosecond laser pulses propagating in air are investigated by numerically solving the coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equations. Strong third harmonic emission is observed with a maximum conversion efficiency as high as 0.43%. The on-axis phase difference between fundamental beam and third harmonic is investigated. The result is in good agreement with the phase-locking mechanism. Dependence of the conversion of third harmonic emission on focusing conditions is also studied. The results are also compared with those of experiments.     

Thermodynamics of Third Order Lovelock Anti-de Sitter Black Holes Revisited

We compute the mass and temperature of third order Lovelock black holes with negative Gauss-Bonnet coefficient α₂<0 in anti-de Sitter space and perform the stability analysis of topological black holes. When k=-1, the third order Lovelock black holes are thermodynamically stable for the whole range r₊. When k=1, we found that the black hole has an intermediate unstable phase for D=7. In eight dimensional spacetimes, however, a new phase of thermodynamically unstable small black holes appears if the coefficient \tilde{\alpha} is under a critical value.For D≧ 9, black holes have similar the distributions of thermodynamically stable regions to the case where the coefficient \tilde{\alpha} is under a critical value for D=8. It is worth to mention that all the thermodynamic and conserved quantities of the black holes with flat horizon do not depend on the Lovelock coefficients and are the same as those of black holes in general gravity.     

高强度三倍频近场测量实验与模拟计算的误差分析

 测量了高强度三倍频实验的1ω 光和3ω 光的近场光束质量，将测量和模拟计算所得到3ω 光近场光束质量作了对比，重点对模拟计算得到的3ω 光近场光束质量所存在的误差进行了探讨，分析了现有的模拟计算程序中还未考虑到的影响3ω 光光束质量的主要因素，建议在以后的模拟计算程序中再进行优化设计，并讨论了改善3ω 光光束质量应采取的必要措施。     

电信行业结构的演化分析

应用产业组织理论和Pakes-McGuire模型,仿真计算并比较了我国电信改革前的自然垄断的行业结构和引入竞争机制后的市场结构的演化,从产业结构演化的角度证实了电信行业中引入竞争机制的必要性.     

房地产开发活动均衡分析与过度开发行为控制

在把房地产投资开发项目看作为一种具有弱再生性经济资源的基点上,对房地产投资开发活动进行了均衡分析,讨论了房地产开发活动中的最优平衡解及其相互之间的制约关系,分析了税收和配额价格等经济参数对最优平衡解的影响,给出了抑制房地产过度投资开发行为的控制模型与方法,并得出了相应的政策启示.这些研究结果,可以推广应用于其他各种可再生资源的投资开发与管理当中去,有着广泛的应用前景.     

Excited-state Enhanced Third-order Nonlinearity of Azobenzene Material

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On One Fredholm Integral Equation of Third Kind

In the class of Hölder functions we give the necessary and sufficient condition for solvability of a Fredholm integral equation whose kernel has fixed singularity in the segment of variation of an independent variable. Finding a solution is reduced to solving a regular integral equation of second kind.     

Investigating purchasing-sequence patterns for financial services using Markov, MTD and MTDg models

In the past, several authors have found evidence for the existence of a priority pattern of acquisition for durable goods, as well as for financial services. Its usefulness lies in the fact that if the position of a particular customer in this acquisition sequence is known, one can predict what service will be acquired next by that customer. In this paper, we analyse purchase sequences of financial services to identify cross-buying patterns, which might be used to discover cross-selling opportunities as part of customer relationship management (CRM). Hereby, special attention is paid to transitions, which might encourage bank-only or insurance-only customers to become financial-services customers. We introduce the mixture transition distribution (MTD) model as a parsimonious alternative to the Markov model for use in the analysis of marketing problems. An interesting extension on the MTD model is the MTDg model, which is able to represent situations where the relationship between each lag and the current state differs. We illustrate the MTD and MTDg model on acquisition sequences of customers of a major financial-services company and compare the fit of these models with that of the corresponding Markov model. Our results are in favor of the MTD and MTDg models. Therefore, the MTD as well as the MTDg transition matrices are investigated to reveal cross-buying patterns. The results are valuable to product managers as they clarify the customer flows among product groups. In some cases, the lag-specific transition matrices of the MTDg model give better insight into the acquisition patterns than the general transition matrix of the MTD model.     

EXISTENCE AND ASYMPTOTIC ESTIMATE OF SOLUTION FOR THIRD ORDER BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM

This article shows the existence and asymptotic estimates of solutions of singularly perturbed boundary value problems for a class of third order nonlinear differential equations εx'" = f(t,x,x',ε), x(0) = A, x'(0) = x'(1), x"(0) = x"(1).