α，ω-二羧基-甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物的合成及MS分析

利用传统自由基聚合法，在四氢呋喃溶液中自由基引发聚合甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体而得到ω-羧基-甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物(CTBMA)(分子量在1500左右)；利用CTBMA末端酯基的反应特性，在二氧六环／水／KOH混合溶液中皂化CTBMA，使之转化为α，ω-羧基甲基丙烯酸丁酯低聚物(di-CTBMA)；研究了溶剂的类别、反应时间等反应条件对皂化产物结构的影响；利用MALDI-TOF-MS及LSIMS对皂化各阶段产物进行了分析监测．实验表明，在适当的皂化条件下，CTBMA皂化时主要为末端酯基转化为羧基，相应得到的产物di-CTMBA具有很好的结构特性，其官能团度(functionality)接近2．     

Notes on Sublattice-Lattices

We prove that directly reducible lattices and selfdual subdirectly irreducible lattices of locally finite length are determined by their sublattice-lattices. As a corollary we obtain that splitting varieties are closed under the isomorphism of sublattice-lattices iff they are selfdual. A class of selfdual non-closed varieties is given too.     

一种新颖的测定和分析羟自由基氧化损伤RNA及其分子机理的化学发光体系

近年来，羟自由基（^.OH)对DNA氧化损伤已受到广泛关注，但是很少研究^.OH对RNA的氧化损伤。其实，RNA与DNA一样，也是核酸的两大组分之一，也有许多重要功能。所以^.OH攻击RNA也会引起重后果，会造成细胞功能衰退甚至细胞死亡等。为此，我们建立了Vit.C-CuSO4-Phen-H2O2-PNA这一产生和测定^.OH氧化损伤RNA的化学发光体系，以便加强^.OH氧化损伤RNA的研究。通过对本体系测定条件的研究，得出了本体系最佳组方是：Vit.C,CuSO4,Phen,H2O2和RNA，浓度分别为350μmol/L,55μmol/L,350μmol/L,0.2mol/L和20μg/mL,体系pH为5．5，体系终体积为1mL。随后，利用本体系检测了槲皮素，咖啡酸，黄芩甙和芦丁抗^.OH氧化损伤RNA的作用，发现这四种抗氧化剂均能有效抑制^.OH氧化损伤RNA的分子机理，结果发现，^.OH清除剂硫脲几乎抑制全部发光，推测是因硫脲清除了引发剂^.OH所致；O^-.2清除剂SOD只能抑制小部分发光；^1O2清除剂叠氮化钠和苯甲酸都能抑制绝大部分发光。这些事实提示，^.OH是RNA氧化损伤的引发剂；O^-.2只是导致RNA氧化损伤的次要因素，^1O2才是导致RNA氧化损伤的最主要因素。     

Supersemiprime Rings and Supersemiprime Radical

§1.　IntroductionInthisrecentyears,theprimeringswithspecialpropertieshavebeenstudiedsomeau-thors,forexample,N.T.Groenewaldintroducedthecompletelyprimeringsandthecompletelyrimeradicalin[1].D.HandelmanandJ.Lawrencediscussedthestronglyprimeringsandthestronglyprimeradicalin[2].S.Veldsmanstudiedthesuperprimeringsandthesuperprimeradicalin[3].ZhangXianjunintroducedtheAbsolutelysemiprimeringsandtheabsolutelysemiprimeradicalandsoon.Theaimofthispaperistostudythesemiprimeringswithspecialpropertiesan…     

Radical copolymerization of 2‐trifluoromethylacrylic monomers. II. Kinetics,monomer reactivities,and penultimate effect in their copolymerization with norbornenes and vinyl ethers

Radical copolymerizations of electron‐deficient 2‐trifluoromethylacrylic (TFMA) monomers, such as 2‐trifluoromethylacrylic acid and t‐butyl 2‐trifluoromethylacrylate (TBTFMA), with electron‐rich norbornene derivatives and vinyl ethers with 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator were investigated in detail through the analysis of the kinetics in situ with ¹H NMR and through the determination of the monomer reactivity ratios. The norbornene derivatives used in this study included bicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐2‐ene (norbornene) and 5‐(2‐trifluoromethyl‐1,1,1‐trifluoro‐2‐hydroxylpropyl)‐2‐norbornene. The vinyl ether monomers were ethyl vinyl ether, t‐butyl vinyl ether, and 3,4‐dihydro‐2‐H‐pyran. Vinylene carbonate was found to copolymerize with TBTFMA. Although none of the monomers underwent radical homopolymerization under normal conditions, they copolymerized readily, producing a copolymer containing 60–70 mol % TFMA. The copolymerization of the TFMA monomer with norbornenes and vinyl ethers deviated from the terminal model and could be described by the penultimate model. The copolymers of TFMA reported in this article were evaluated as chemical amplification resist polymers for the emerging field of 157‐nm lithography. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1478–1505, 2004     

环的根性质

研究的对象是不含单位元分次环 R,首先证明了有关 Jacobson根的重要性质 J( R) =J( S)∩ R,其中 S =R× Z.然后利用它得到了一些好的性质     

Synthesis,characterization, and micellization of an epoxy‐based amphiphilic diblock copolymer of ϵ‐caprolactone and glycidyl methacrylate by enzymatic ring‐opening polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization

Amphiphilic diblock copolymer polycaprolactone‐block‐poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PCL‐b‐PGMA) was synthesized via enzymatic ring‐opening polymerization (eROP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Methanol first initiated eROP of ?‐caprolactone (?‐CL) in the presence of biocatalyst Novozyme‐435 under anhydrous conditions. The resulting monohydroxyl‐terminated polycaprolactone (PCL–OH) was subsequently converted to a bromine‐ended macroinitiator (PCL–Br) for ATRP by esterification with α‐bromopropionyl bromide. PCL‐b‐PGMA diblock copolymers were synthesized in a subsequent ATRP of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). A kinetic analysis of ATRP indicated a living/controlled radical process. The macromolecular structures were characterized for PCL–OH, PCL–Br, and the block copolymers by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and infrared spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction analyses indicated that the copolymer composition (?‐CL/GMA) had a great influence on the thermal properties. The well‐defined, amphiphilic diblock copolymer PCL‐b‐PGMA self‐assembled into nanoscale micelles in aqueous solutions, as investigated by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5037–5049, 2007     

Electronegativity scheme for reactions involving radical addition to vinyl monomers

The concept of the apparent electronegativity of a reaction site has been introduced. This has been used to develop a new scheme for calculating the relative rate constants of addition of radicals with different structures to vinyl monomers. The parameters of the scheme are given for 40 reagents. The results of a comparison of calculated and literature rate constants of addition are presented.Institute of Nonaqueous Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 150003 Ivanovo. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2238–2245, October, 1992.     

Syntheses and characterization of 16‐arm star and star diblock copolymer and AB8 9‐miktoarm star copolymer via NMRP and ROP from dendritic multifunctional macroinitiators

A dendritic macroinitiator having 16 TEMPO‐based alkoxyamines, Star‐16 , was prepared by the reaction of a dendritic macroinitiator having eight TEMPO‐based alkoxyamines, [G‐3]‐OH , with 4,4′‐bis(chlorocarbonyl)biphenyl. The nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization (NMRP) of styrene (St) from Star‐16 gave 16‐arm star polymers with PDI of 1.19–1.47, and NMPR of 4‐vinylpyridine from the 16‐arm star polymer gave 16‐arm star diblock copolymers with PDI of 1.30–1.43. The ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone from [G‐3]‐OH and the subsequent NMRP of St gave AB₈ 9‐miktoarm star copolymers with PDI of 1.30–1.38. The benzyl ether linkages of the 16‐arm star polymers and the AB₈ 9‐miktoarm star copolymers were cleaved by treating with Me₃SiI, and the resultant poly(St) arms were investigated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The SEC results showed PDIs of 1.23–1.28 and 1.18–1.22 for the star polymers and miktoarm stars copolymers, respectively, showing that they have well‐controlled poly(St) arms. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1159–1169, 2007.