典型中成药中Cu~(2+)的可视化数值分析法

中药的现代化对中药材及其制剂中重金属的质量控制提出更高要求.本文以Cu2+测定为例,通过测定颜色变化建立了中成药中重金属离子可视化数值分析方法.研究发现,在生理条件下,Cu2+与氨基黑10B可发生氧化还原反应,溶液颜色由蓝色逐渐变为桃红色.通过计算机常规软件Image-Pro Plus6.0获取溶液颜色变化过程中的红绿蓝三原色(R,G,B)数值,发现单位像素内R值的增加与溶液中8.33×10-8～1.33×10-6mol/L范围内的Cu2+具有良好的线性关系.该法可应用于典型中成药补中益气丸、安神胶囊、健胃消食片等药品中Cu2+的检测.     

市场力量、谈判能力与专利许可的Shapley值

分别在国内市场力量能否形成谈判能力的条件下,讨论了一个国外专利权人对两个国内厂商进行专利许可的两种谈判结果.若市场力量不能形成谈判能力,则国外专利权人将获得许可创造的全部利润;若市场力量能够形成谈判能力,则可能形成一种较为公平的、专利许可的Shapley值.结合现实中的专利许可实务,提出了将市场力量转化为谈论能力的建议.     

生产成本信息不对称下差异Bertrand结构中的许可

建立了差异Bertrand结构市场中,成本降低型厂商创新者在关于生产厂商的生产成本信息不对称条件下,与生产厂商之间的技术许可博奕模型,并分析了从厂商创新者角度出发的最佳许可策略.研究表明,最佳许可方式依赖于创新规模和市场差异程度,具体地说,当创新规模较大或者产品差异程度较大时,固定费用许可最优,反之,固定费用和提成相组合的方式最优.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定保健品及中成药中非法添加的17种壮阳类化学药

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)同时测定补肾壮阳类保健品及中成药中非法添加的17种壮阳化学药的定性、定量分析方法。实验优化了前处理方法,并针对几对同分异构体成分优化了分离条件和质谱参数。样品经甲醇超声萃取,提取液经Aglient Extend C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 3.5 μm)分离,流动相为乙腈和水(含有10 mmol/L乙酸铵),梯度洗脱,流速为0.25 mL/min,以电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式进行MS/MS检测。该方法能很好地分离并定量17种壮阳类化学药以及其中的3组同分异构体。该方法简便、快速、准确可靠,已经应用于补肾壮阳类保健品及中成药中非法添加壮阳类化学药的筛查及检测。统计近3年检测的样品,发现补肾壮阳类产品中非法添加成分检出率高,需引起相关监管部门的重视。     

中成药中微量砷和汞的微波消解-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定

介绍了一种用于测定中成药中微量砷（As)和汞（Ag)元素的方法－微波消解－氢化物发生－原子荧光光谱法。讨论了仪器的工作参数、实验条件、共存元素对分析结果的干扰;同时,通过加标回收试验,对该法进行了验证。实验结果表明,该法具有快速、简便、准确等特点,适用于实验室常规分析。     

心宝丸中11种微量、宏量元素的测定分析

采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了心宝丸中钠,钾,钙,镁,铁,铬,锰,镍,镉,铜,锌１１种微,宏量元素的含量。结果表明,心宝丸中含有丰富的微量,宏量元素。为探讨中成药中微量,宏量元素与治疗冠心病的关系提供了有用的数据。     

Longitudinal Patent Analysis for Nanoscale Science and Engineering: Country,Institution and Technology Field

Nanoscale science and engineering (NSE) and related areas have seen rapid growth in recent years. The speed and scope of development in the field have made it essential for researchers to be informed on the progress across different laboratories, companies, industries and countries. In this project, we experimented with several analysis and visualization techniques on NSE-related United States patent documents to support various knowledge tasks. This paper presents results on the basic analysis of nanotechnology patents between 1976 and 2002, content map analysis and citation network analysis. The data have been obtained on individual countries, institutions and technology fields. The top 10 countries with the largest number of nanotechnology patents are the United States, Japan, France, the United Kingdom, Taiwan, Korea, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy and Australia. The fastest growth in the last 5 years has been in chemical and pharmaceutical fields, followed by semiconductor devices. The results demonstrate potential of information-based discovery and visualization technologies to capture knowledge regarding nanotechnology performance, transfer of knowledge and trends of development through analyzing the patent documents.     

Patenting computer-designed peptides

The problem of designing new peptides that possess specific properties, such as bactericidal activity, is of wide interest. Recently, attention has focused on the use of Computer-Aided Molecular Design techniques in parallel with more traditional 'synthesise and test' methods. These techniques may typically use Genetic Algorithms to optimise molecules based on Neural Network models that predict activity. In this paper we describe a successful application of this Molecular Design methodology that has resulted in novel bactericidal peptides of real value. A key issue for commercial utilisation of such results is the ability to protect the intellectual property rights associated with the discovery of new molecules. Typically peptide patents use structural templates of amino acid hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity that define highly regular peptide patent spaces. In an extension of established patenting practice we describe a patent application that uses a Neural Net predictive model to define the regions of peptide space that we claim within the patent. This formalism makes no a priori assumptions about the regularity of the patent space. A preliminary comparative investigation of the shape and size of this and other bactericidal peptide patent spaces is conducted.     

HPLC法快速筛查抗风湿类中成药或保健食品中21种非法添加化学成分

基于亚3μm核壳填料色谱柱技术建立了高效液相色谱法快速筛查21种抗风湿类化合物。供试品以1%乙酸-甲醇为提取溶剂,经ACCHROM C18100A(4.6 mm×100 mm,2.8μm)分离,以磷酸水溶液(pH3.0)-甲醇-乙腈溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为230 nm,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温35℃。该方法在20 min内可分离21种成分,各化合物的线性范围为5~100μg/m L(萘普生为1.5~30μg/m L),回收率为91.0%~109.1%。萘普生的检出限(S/N=3)为0.8 mg/kg,其余化合物的检出限为2.0 mg/kg。按上述方法对抽检样品进行检测,发现18批阳性样品,并采用液相色谱-质谱联用法进一步确证。该方法快速、准确,适用于抗风湿类中成药或保健食品中非法添加化学成分的快速筛查,具有广阔的应用前景。     

专利保护下考虑再制造竞争的闭环供应链定价决策

在专利保护环境下研究了带有再制造竞争的闭环供应链定价决策问题,在集中决策和分散决策两种情形下探讨了原制造商、两个再制造商和零售商的定价决策,得到了最优的批发价格、销售价格、回收价格、专利许可费,分析了最优批发价格、销售价格、回收价格、专利许可费以及供应链利润的重要性质和管理启示.