新型除草剂丙酯草醚A环14C均标记合成和鉴定

以U-¹⁴C-对氨基苯甲酸为前体, 通过酯化、缩合、还原和取代四步反应获得了A环¹⁴C均标记的丙酯草醚, 用PHPLC对其进行纯化. 采用HPLC-MS(ESI), MS(EI)和¹H NMR验证了其结构, 通过HPLC(外标法)确定其化学纯度大于98%; HPLC-LSC和TLC-IIA两种方法分析表明, 其放射化学纯度大于98%, 其比活度为1.089±0.011 mCi/mmol. 合成的化学收率和放化收率均为53%.     

非水反相微乳中NaCl纳米粒子的制备

在乙醇/Brij 30/十六烷反相微乳中利用无水NaAc与HCl反应制备了水可溶性晶态NaCl纳米粒子,平均粒径为 60 nm.与在甲酰胺/AOT/正庚烷反相微乳中制备的粒径约为1 μm的NaCl粒子进行比较,表明在特定条件下,非水微乳可以作为合成水可溶性纳米粒子的有效介质.     

镀金和碳纳米管修饰金电极上吸附态葡萄糖氧化酶比活性的EQCM研究

采用石英晶体微天平(EQCM)技术监测了裸金电极、镀金和碳纳米管修饰金电极上葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的吸附过程. 通过EQCM测量吸附固定的GOD质量, 并实时检测酶反应产物H2O2的氧化电量, 求算了各表面上吸附态GOD的比活性(ESAi). 结果表明, 各表面上均可吸附一定的GOD, 且吸附态GOD均有一定的酶活性; 修饰CNTs可增大酶吸附量和酶电极对葡萄糖的响应电流, 但ESAi随CNTs修饰量的增大而降低; Au电极上电镀金后, 酶吸附量和酶电极对葡萄糖的响应电流亦增大, 但ESAi与裸金电极上的基本一致.     

微水相中改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化脂肪酶拆分(R,S)-2-辛醇

采用改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化P. expansum PED-03脂肪酶(PEL), 利用固定化PEL在微水相中对(R,S)-2-辛醇进行拆分. 结果表明, 改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化PEL所催化的拆分反应的转化率(c)和对映体过量值(e.e.)以及对映体选择性(E)均得到大幅度提高. 介质类型和体系含水量对酶促拆分反应有较大的影响. 在以正己烷为溶剂, 含水量为0.8%的体系中, 于50 ℃反应24 h的转化率(c)可达到理论值的97.68%, 对映体过量值(e.e.)可达到98.75%. 改性Ultrastable-Y分子筛固定化PEL催化效率高、立体选择性强, 且催化性能稳定, 在(R,S)-2-辛醇的酶法拆分方面具有良好的应用前景.     

C30卡宾三叶结分子结构与稳定性的理论研究

三叶结分子是最简单的非平凡纽结分子, C₃₀卡宾三叶结分子是由一条闭合的(C≡C—)₁₅ sp杂化碳链组成的, 是具有D₃对称性的拓扑手性分子. 本文用密度泛函方法[DFT/RB3LYP/6-31G(D)]对分子结构和光谱性质进行了研究, 在优化构型的基础上通过自然键轨道(NBO)方法和轨道能级研究了它的共轭性、成键情况和稳定性, 并与平面型C₃₀卡宾环分子进行了比较. 计算结果表明三叶结分子的三叶弧上形成了非平面的C≡C共轭和扭曲的内螺旋结构, 交叉处具有弱成键作用, 且分子轨道也发生了扭曲; 三叶结分子比卡宾环的共轭性和赝Jahn-Teller效应都明显小, 而总能量高. 因此, 分子打结是一个能量升高的过程.     

高氯酸二水邻菲咯啉合铜配合物的合成和晶体结构

Crystal structure of the title compound， Cu(phen)(H₂O)₂·ClO₄(phen=1，10-phenanthroline)， was deter-mined by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system， space group C2/c with lattice parameters a=1.49071(4)nm， b=1.38594(4)nm， c=0.70292(1)nm， β=108.509(1)° and Z=4; The Cu(Ⅰ) ion is chelated by a phen ligand and two aqua ligands in cis arrangement and assumes a C2 symmetric square-planar geometry with the CuN₂O₂ core. Eight Cu(phen)(H₂O)₂·ClO₄ molecules are interconnected by strong hydrogen bonds between coordinated water molecules and uncoordinated perchlorate anions to form a molecular scale cavities along c axis. The bond distances of Cu-N and Cu-O are 0.2003(4)nm and 0.1973(3)nm， respectively. CCDC： 197600.     

以单环有机锡配合物为载体的水杨酸根阴离子选择电极的研究

Two new cyclic pentacoordinative organotin(Ⅳ) complexes, 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone tribenzyltin(HAPTBT) and 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone triphenyltin(HAPTPT) were synthesized and used as anion ionophore for PVC membrane electrode. The new electrodes exhibit specificity selectivity for salicylate. The electrode based on HAPTBT as a neutral carrier displays a highly potentiometric response to salicylate and an anti-Hofmeister selectivity sequence in the following order: Sal^- ＞ SCN^- ＞ I^- ＞ NO₂^- ＞ Br^- ＞ Cl^- ＞ ClO₄^- ＞ NO₃^- ＞ SO₄^2-. The electrode has the advantages of fast response, stability and reproducibility, simplicity. The response mechanism is discussed in view of UV spectroscopy technique. The results show that there are close relationship between the potentiometric response characteristics and structure of organotin(Ⅳ) complexes. The electrode was applied to medicine analysis with satisfactory results.     

二[1-甲基-4-(1-甲基-4-硝基吡咯-2-酰胺基)吡咯-2-酰胺基乙基]胺的合成与表征

报道了一种对称平行的多酰胺分子——二[1-甲基-4-(1-甲基-4-硝基吡咯-2-酰胺基)吡咯-2-酰胺基乙基]胺的合成方法, 以期对DNA序列进行新的特异性识别和切割, 从而研制新型有效的工具酶或抗癌药物. 合成方法简便易行、耗时短、不需过柱分离, 每步合成都有较高产率.     

Studies on synthesis and kinetics of thermodecomposition of the nickel(Ⅱ) compounds with Schiff base derived from amino acids

Monoaqua salicylaldehyde-o-aminobenzoic acid Ni(Ⅱ) monohydrate (cp1) and monoaqua o-vanillin-o-aminobenzoic acid Ni(Ⅱ) monohydrate (cp2) were synthesized. The composition and structures of these two compounds were analyzed. Their thermal stability and non-isothermal kinetics were also investigated by use of TG and DTG curves. The possible reaction mechanisms in their first steps of thermal decomposition reactions were deduced by means of integral and differential methods. Thermodecomposition kinetic equations of the compounds are as follows:Cp1: da/At = A . exp(-E/RT) . 3/2(1 - a)4/3 . [1/(1 - a)1/3 -1]-1 Cp2 : da/At = A . exp(-E/RT) . (1 - a)     

共沉淀法合成稀土正磷酸盐(La,Gd)PO4:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb)及其真空紫外光谱特性

采用共沉淀法制备了稀土正磷酸盐荧光粉(La,Gd)PO4:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb).红外光谱分析发现GdPO4的红外光谱吸收峰与LaPO4一致,只是峰位向高波数方向移动.(La,Gd)PO4:RE3+的真空紫外光谱特性研究表明,Gd3+在能量传递过程中起中间体作用.XPS研究揭示,LaPO4的价带由O2-的2p能级构成,而GdPO4的价带则是由O2-的2p能级和Gd3+的4f能级共同构成.