A three-step system calibration procedure with error compensation for 3D shape measurement

System calibration, which usually involves complicated and time-consuming procedures, is crucial for any three-dimensional （3D） shape measurement system based on vision. A novel improved method is proposed for accurate calibration of such a measurement system. The system accuracy is improved with considering the nonlinear measurement error created by the difference between the system model and real measurement environment. We use Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm to compensate the error and get a good result. The improved method has a 50% improvement of re-projection accuracy compared with our previous method. The measurement accuracy is maintained well within 1.5% of the overall measurement depth range.     

2011年广东高考立体几何题引起的思考

2011年高考已降下帷幕,但对精彩考题的研究和认识却在继续,笔者对2011年高考广东卷理科第18题情有独钟.     

气冷服近体调温性能的数值分析

为了探讨气冷服的近体调温性能,构建了体表-服装几何模型,采用数值模拟的方法研究了平均皮肤温度、内外温差关于进气速度、进气温度及人体散热率的变化关系。结果表明:体表上半部分温度高于下半部分温度;平均皮肤温度与进气速度成幂函数关系,温差与进气速度成对数函数关系;平均皮肤温度及温差关于进气温度成线性关系,进气温度每降低1℃,则平均皮肤温度降低0.39℃,而温差上升0.41℃;平均皮肤温度关于人体散热率成线性变化,散热率每增大5W/m~2,平均皮肤温度升高0.6℃。     

Gallium Nitride Room Temperature α Particle Detectors

Gallium Nitride （GaN） room temperature α particle detectors are fabricated and characterized, whose device structure is Schottky diode. The current-voltage （I- V） measurements reveal that the reverse breakdown voltage of the detectors is more than 200 V owing to the consummate fabrication processes, and that the Schottky barrier and ideal factor of the detectors are 0.64 eV and 1.02, respectively, calculated from the thermionic transmission model. ^241Am α particles pulse height spectra from the GaN detectors biased at -8 V is obviously one Gauss peak located at channel 44 with the full width at half maximum （FWHM） of 15.87 in channel. One of the main reasons for the relatively wider FWHM is that the air between the detectors and isotope could widen the spectrum.     

利用回归分析拟合Duncan-Chang双曲线E-γ模型的材料参数

介绍了回归分析的基本概念及求解回归系数的方法,并分析了利用回归分析Duncan-Chang双曲线E-γ土力学模型时所建立起的方程组的特点.而基于方程组的这些特点及材料参数的数值限制,提出了在求解之前需先设定其中一个材料参数R_f的值.最后,通过一个例子的分析,总结了回归分析计算结果的特点,并对R_f值之设定作出了说明及探讨.     

例谈向量运算的几何意义在解题中的运用

从2000年以来，向量正式加入高考试题的行列，经过几年的锤炼，考查的方向已从最初的以“三点共线、垂直”为代表的初级阶段，过渡到以“三角形四心”为代表的提高阶段，直到现在的“以运算的几何意义”为代表的灵活运用阶段,对几何意义的理解将使我们大大加快解题速度，提高解题效率.     

On almost sure max-limit theorems of complete and incomplete samples from stationary sequences

Let M _n denote the partial maximum of a strictly stationary sequence (X _n ). Suppose that some of the random variables of (X _n ) can be observed and let [(M)\tilde]_n\tilde M_n stand for the maximum of observed random variables from the set {X ₁, ..., X _n }. In this paper, the almost sure limit theorems related to random vector ([(M)\tilde]_n\tilde M_n , M _n ) are considered in terms of i.i.d. case. The related results are also extended to weakly dependent stationary Gaussian sequence as its covariance function satisfies some regular conditions.     

基于窄谱带模型的烟黑颗粒辐射模型的比较

烟黑是燃烧过程的重要生成产物,对燃烧系统中辐射换热有着重要的影响.针对一维平行平板介质的辐射传递过程求解算例,本文改进RADCAL程序,采用三个烟黑辐射模型,研究了烟黑颗粒分别与水蒸气、二氧化碳及其混合物三种情况的非灰辐射,考察了三类模型的适用范围,为燃烧换热提供了参考依据.     

高中物理学习目标的形成理论及其应用

随着当今人类社会的进步，科学技术的高速发展以及角色在大众中的变化，为了更好的去培养出大批适应新时代的优秀人才，意味着必须改变教学方式。纵观整个教育历史发现，不能只通过考试来真正地影响学生的成功与否，所以先进的教育模式应该更新颖、更灵活、更加去设法与学生的思维模式相呼应，相配合与协调。     

恒定非均匀磁场调控下的强制对流传热数值研究

分别对雷诺数、磁场强度和磁纳米流体浓度进行了讨论，并将数字高程模型(DEM)应用到梯度磁场模型的建立，分析了磁场梯度大小和方向对传热效果的影响。结果表明：雷诺数、磁场强度和梯度与传热效果呈正相关，在磁场介入的情况下，磁纳米流体浓度对传热效果的影响存在一个最佳值；磁场梯度方向垂直于流动方向时对传热的强化效果最显著。以平均努塞尔数和压降为目标参数，利用正交试验设计的方法研究了各变量对传热效果影响的权重大小，得到各变量取值范围内的最佳组合。