Exploring Highly Efficient Broadband Self-Trapped-Exciton Luminophors: from 0D to 3D Materials

The review summarizes our recent reports on brightly-emitting materials with varied dimensionality (3D, 2D, 0D) synthesized using “green” chemistry and exhibiting highly efficient photoluminescence (PL) originating from self-trapped exciton (STE) states. The discussion starts with 0D emitters, in particular, ternary indium-based colloidal quantum dots, continues with 2D materials, focusing on single-layer polyheptazine carbon nitride, and further evolves to 3D luminophores, the latter exemplified by lead-free double halide perovskites. The review shows the broadband STE PL to be an inherent feature of many materials produced in mild conditions by “green” chemistry, outlining PL features general for these STE emitters and differences in their photophysical properties. The review is concluded with an outlook on the challenges in the field of STE PL emission and the most promising venues for future research.     

A spatial calibration method for master-slave surveillance system

The master-slave surveillance system uses stationary-dynamic camera assemblies to achieve wide-area surveillance and selective focus-of-interest. In such a system, a stationary fish-eye camera monitors a panoramic field of environment from a distance, while a dynamic PTZ (Pan–Tilt–Zoom) dome camera is commanded to acquire high-resolution images from a focused direction and provide multi-scale zoomed-in information. In order to achieve the precise interaction, pre-processing spatial calibration between these two cameras is required. This paper introduces a novel vision based calibration approach to automatically calculate a transformation matrix model between the fish-eye coordinate system and the PTZ dome coordinate system by matching feature points in the scene. The experiment has demonstrated the effectiveness of using this method with high accuracy in short calibration time.     

应用多中心分区方法构建H3分子反应势能面

以氧化石墨凝胶制备的氧化石墨烯溶胶为前驱体, 在120-220 ℃条件下, 采用水热法制备了系列不同还原程度的三维还原氧化石墨烯, 采用扫描电镜(SEM), X射线衍射(XRD), 傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱, X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和电化学测试等手段研究了水热反应温度对材料形貌、结构和超级电容性能的影响. 结果表明: 采用水热法制备的三维还原氧化石墨烯呈多孔网状结构, 材料的体积和内部网状孔径随着水热反应温度的升高而减小; 同时, 氧化石墨烯的还原程度随反应温度的升高而增加, 有序度提高, 其结构逐渐向着类石墨结构转化; 而材料的比电容和能量密度则随反应温度的升高呈现出先增大后减小的趋势, 且均以双电层电容为主;相比之下, 当水热反应温度为180 ℃时, 制备的三维还原氧化石墨烯具有最佳的超级电容性能, 在电解液为6mol·L^-1的KOH溶液中, 0.5 A·g^-1电流密度下其比电容达到315 F·g^-1, 10 A·g^-1时仍能保持212 F·g^-1的高比容量, 能量密度为40.5 Wh·kg^-1, 5000次循环后比电容保持率为86%, 表现出了良好的电化学性能.     

以Lanczos向量直接叠加法确定圆拱顶屋盖风致响应

提出以Lanczos向量直接叠加法确定大跨屋盖结构的风致响应。传统的模态叠加法中无法保证精确计算的特征向量一定能够参与动态响应。与传统模态叠加法不同,在生成正交的Lanczos向量算法中只产生在荷载展开式中有较大参与系数的向量,并用于后续的模态叠加法之中。产生第一个Lanczos向量的空间向量来自于屋盖风压场的本征正交分解(POD)。利用同步多点压力扫描技术对一个圆拱顶屋盖进行了风洞试验。利用所提出的方法分析了屋盖风致响应,并与传统方法以及采用平均风荷载作为空间向量的Lanczos向量直接叠加法进行了比较,说明了本文方法的有效性。     

On Invertibility of Elastic Single-Layer Potential Operator

The question of unique solvability of the boundary integral equation of the first kind given by the single-layer potential operator is studied in the case of plane isotropic elasticity. First, a sufficient condition of the positivity, and hence invertibility, of this operator is presented. Then, considering a scale transformation of the domain boundary, the well known formula for scaling the Robin constant in potential theory is generalized to elasticity. Subsequently, an explicit equation for evaluation of critical scales for a given boundary, when the single-layer operator fails to be invertible, is deduced. It is proved that there are either two simple critical scales or one double critical scale for any domain boundary. Numerical results, obtained applying a symmetric Galerkin boundary element code, confirm the propositions of the theory developed for both single and multi-contour boundaries.     

蒸汽相中c轴取向连续完美单层B-AI-ZSM-5沸石膜的原位制备

MFI型沸石分子筛，由于其具有较宽合成条件、合适均的一孔径、可修饰和改 性的骨架和孔道系统，高的热稳定性、水热稳定性、化学稳定性和机械强度，不仅 广泛应用于传统的催化和分离领域，而且也广泛地应用于膜的制备。由于MFI型沸 石晶体体型和晶内孔道系统 的各向异性，控制晶体在载体表面的定向生长对于膜 分离、膜催化、膜传感等都极其重要的。文献中报道的c轴取向MFI型沸石膜层的制 备方法有：（1）晶体在强电场作用下在载体表面上进行定向排 列，然后在排列好 的晶体间喷镀或电镀一层金属膜；（2）在有刻蚀槽的微结构硅片表面进行组装； （3）水热合成法；（4）晶种层的二次生长法等。     

Ternary metal sulfides MzMoS2: synthesis using single-layer dispersions of molybdenum disulfide and study of the structure

The sulfur atoms of negatively charged (MoS₂)^x– layers in aqueous single-layer dispersions of molybdenum disulfide covalently bind the M²⁺ cations (M = Pb, Cd, Hg, Pd). This makes it possible to obtain ternary metal sulfides M_zMoS₂ containing guest M atoms in octahedral or tetrahedral vacancies between the S—Mo—S layers at room temperature. In the case of Pd and Hg, the formation of M_zMoS₂ is accompanied by the reduction of a fraction of Pd^II to Pd⁰ and Hg^II to Hg^I. During dispersion followed by the formation of ternary sulfides, the MoS₂ layers undergo structural transformations resulting in the formation of Mo—Mo bonds.     

基于优化分析法的类张弦结构找力分析

在杂交结构理论基础上讨论了索、杆、梁混合体系的一种新型结构体系，类张弦结构即为张弦柱面巨型网格结构．在平衡矩阵理论基础上提出索、杆、梁混合体系的初始态预应力分布的确定方法为优化分析法，并用此方法计算了类张弦柱面巨型网格结构的初始态预拉力最优组合．此外，此方法还可通过现有的有限元分析软件分析结构整体预应力分布，无需再进行自我编程求解，为结构的分析设计提供了方便．     

超声速长波红外整流罩材料研究进展

采用长波红外制导的超声速导弹具有极佳的军事应用前景,但高速飞行的导弹整流罩会承受较高的气动冲击以及砂蚀、雨蚀,极易出现结构和光学性能失效,因此选择与服役环境相匹配的整流罩材料至关重要.基于上述应用现状,本文综述了目前主要研究的几种长波红外整流罩材料,对其光热理化性能及应用前景进行了分析,同时对几款整流罩材料或结构的发展方向进行了展望,旨在为超声速长波红外整流罩的选材提供技术参考.     

基于应变响应敏感性的单层球面网壳冗余度分析

冗余特性是结构鲁棒性的重要组成部分,也是复杂系统的安全性和传力路径可靠性的体现。如何对结构构件冗余度进行定量评价是目前结构工程界尚未定论的问题之一。本文借鉴P.C.Pandey方法,并将其推广应用到大跨空间网格结构,基于结构应变响应对构件单元截面面积的敏感性提出静力作用下的结构构件冗余度评价方法,从理论上以数值方式量化结构构件冗余度,并通过对三个球壳结构算例的冗余度分析说明该方法在空间结构体系中的有效应用。算例结果表明,结构构件冗余度能够反映构件在结构中的重要性,低冗余度构件是结构的关键构件。采取措施加固低冗余度构件可以有效提高结构整体刚度、结构稳定极限承载力,但在改善结构缺陷敏感性方面则视具体情况而定。