Differential equation dynamical system based assessment model in GNSS interoperability

With the development of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS),the idea of GNSS interoperability is born and has become the focus of study in the field of satellite navigation.The popularity for GNSS to augment the interoperability with the existing ones necessitates the study of the assessment algorithm of this idea.In this paper,an assessment algorithm for interoperability comprehensive benefits based on the differential equation dynamical system is discussed.There are two important aspects in GNSS tha...     

局部方差在图像质量评价中的应用

将灰度图像的局部方差分布（QLS）作为表征图像结构信息的一个重要特征,对局部方差分布矩阵进行奇异值分解,计算得到相应的奇异值特征向量;通过计算降质图像与原参考图像局部方差矩阵奇异值特征向量的夹角大小度量两图像的结构相似度,实现了对降质图像的质量评价。实验结果表明：局部方差分布更能突出图像的结构特征,评价结果优于传统的均方误差（MSE）、峰值信噪比（PSNR）、结构相似度（SSIM）以及直接评价图像像素分布的奇异值分析（SVD）等方法,与人眼视觉感知效果的一致性较好。     

光伏太阳能电池生产过程中的污染问题

日益壮大的光伏产业正在为人类发展作出积极的贡献.采用光伏发电来代替传统的发电技术,将会减少89%的空气污染.然而,在这个倡导绿色环境的时代,光伏器件生产引起的环境、健康和安全（EHS）问题也日益引起社会各界的广泛关注.认清光伏产品在生产过程中污染的真相对维持光伏产业的可持续发展有着相当重要的意义.本文综述了常见太阳能电池的EHS问题,并提出了可以减少污染的有效途径;采用生命周期评估（LCA）方法进一步比较了各种太阳能电池生产过程中污染物的排放量数据.     

Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Corrosion Processes in Nigerian Crude Oil Pipelines

In this work, a corrosion prediction mathematical model for risk assessment in oil and gas production and transportation facilities has been created. This work focuses on partial pressure of carbon (iv) oxide, CO₂ and the operating temperature in process equipment and transportation facility pipes as a function of corrosion rate. The model equation formulated was based on the principle of multiple linear regressions of data. The final model representing the corrosion rate of crude oil equipment was obtained CR = b _o + b ₁ T + b ₂ P (CO ₂). The model was simulated using polymath software. The correlation between the experimental and simulated resulted obtained using root mean square deviation (coefficient of determination) was 99.74% which is high, suggesting that the relationship between the predictor and response variables is linear. The variation in the model equation is 0.0066374. This low value of the variance shows that the model is accurate.     

Levels of Pesticide Residues in Food: Evaluation of Data from Total Diet Studies in Italy

Abstract

Total Diet Studies on pesticide residues in foods carried out in Italy in the last two decades are briefly summarized and data are discussed. Health risk assessment is expressed by the ratio total intake/ADI (%ADI ingested) for each compound and by the sum of the percentages of ADI for each compound within the same class of pesticides.

The total dietary intake of chlorinated pesticides, that was almost 100% of ADI in the years 1970-74, decreased down to 10% in the period 1978-84. This trend was confirmed for DDT in recent years, while data on Lindane and Heptachlor seem to be constant.

As regards the organophosphorus pesticides the sum of the percentages of ADI ingested for each compound, extrapolated from recent data (1990-1991) is about 20% and can be regarded as reasonably acceptable because the study included practically all the mainly used compounds.

Only few data are available for some pesticides like dithiocarbamates, especially EBDCs and their derivatives (e.g. ETU), other carbamates (e.g. aldicarb), paraquat etc. Moreover, analytical methods for these compounds should be improved.

The need for a considerable improvement in the number and organization of monitoring structures, in the use of standardized analytical procedures, in good laboratory practice standards and in the realibility of “monitoring protocols” and their homogeneity is evidenced.     

Analysis of a “3-(Naphthalen-1-ylimino)indolin-2-one” Compound and Its Antimicrobial Assessment Using Lipid-Based Self-Nanoemulsifying Formulations

In recent years, indole derivatives have acquired conspicuous significance due to their wide spectrum of biological activities—antibacterial, antiviral, and anticonvulsant. This compound is derived from naturally grown plants. Therefore, synthesis of a novel “3-(Naphthalen-1-ylimino)indolin-2-one” compound (2) and its analysis using UPLC systems along with antimicrobial assessment was the aim of the current study. Isatin was used as a parent drug for synthesizing compound (2). Liquid Chromatographic analysis was performed using a C18 BEH column (1.7 μm 2.1 × 50 mm) by UPLC systems. Degradation studies were carried out to see whether acid, base, thermal, and oxidizing agents had any impact on the synthesized molecule in stress conditions (100 °C). A lipid-based self-nanoemulsifying formulation was developed and selectivity, specificity, recovery, accuracy, and precision were measured as part of the UPLC system’s validation process. Antimicrobial studies were conducted using gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The standard samples were run with a concentration range of 5.0–100.0 μg/mL using the isocratic mobile phase comprising of methanol/water (70/30 %v/v) at 234 nm; good linearity (R² = 0.9998) was found. The lower limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) of the method were found to be 0.81 μg/mL and 2.5 μg/mL, respectively. The coefficients of variation were found to be less than 2%. The antimicrobial study suggests that compound (2) has a substantial growth effect against gram-negative bacteria. It was successfully synthesized and applied to measure the concentrations in lipid-based dosage form, along with potent antimicrobial activities.     

重视反馈的逆向教学设计:以质谱课程的教学为例*

基于逆向教学设计的特点及实践,分析了传统逆向教学设计的课堂实现中存在的关于预期评估与实际评估脱节的问题,阐述了教学反馈的重要性。从而提出了一种重视反馈的逆向教学设计方法。这种方法将评估预判和反馈策略充分结合到逆向教学设计中,在评估和反馈之间进行了有效关联,很好地解决了以上问题。结合笔者在质谱课程中的实践经验,对相应的教学设计的过程进行了举例说明。     

“功能涂料”课程的教学改革:打造趣味性、互动性和挑战性的课堂*

本着培养涂料行业精英人才的宗旨,针对涂料行业对人才需求的特点,结合多年教学经验,从教材的选择、教学内容设置、教学方法改进以及考核方法改革等4个方面探索了“功能涂料”课程的教学方法改革与课程实践。通过自编教材,精心设置授课内容,将科研成果、前沿知识、生活场景、新闻事件与书本知识相结合,提高课堂的趣味性;通过讨论法和交换式互动上课来加强课堂的互动性;通过过程性评价提高课程的学业挑战度。通过教学改革,本课程的选课率和出勤率得到了大幅提高,学生对涂料的兴趣明显增加,毕业后选择进入涂料领域工作的学生也越来越多。     

Quality-by-Design-Based Development of n-Propyl-Gallate-Loaded Hyaluronic-Acid-Coated Liposomes for Intranasal Administration

The present study aimed to develop n-propyl gallate (PG)-encapsulated liposomes through a novel direct pouring method using the quality-by-design (QbD) approach. A further aim was to coat liposomes with hyaluronic acid (HA) to improve the stability of the formulation in nasal mucosa. The QbD method was used for the determination of critical quality attributes in the formulation of PG-loaded liposomes coated with HA. The optimized formulation was determined by applying the Box–Behnken design to investigate the effect of composition and process variables on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. Physiochemical characterization, in vitro release, and permeability tests, as well as accelerated stability studies, were performed with the optimized liposomal formulation. The optimized formulation resulted in 90 ± 3.6% encapsulation efficiency, 167.9 ± 3.5 nm average hydrodynamic diameter, 0.129 ± 0.002 PDI, and −33.9 ± 4.5 zeta potential. Coated liposomes showed significantly improved properties in 24 h in an in vitro release test (>60%), in vitro permeability measurement (420 μg/cm²) within 60 min, and also in accelerated stability studies compared to uncoated liposomes. A hydrogen-peroxide-scavenging assay showed improved stability of PG-containing liposomes. It can be concluded that the optimization of PG-encapsulated liposomes coated with HA has great potential for targeting several brain diseases.