Chemical Probing of the Human Sirtuin 5 Active Site Reveals Its Substrate Acyl Specificity and Peptide‐Based Inhibitors

Sirtuins are NAD⁺‐dependent deacetylases acting as sensors in metabolic pathways and stress response. In mammals there are seven isoforms. The mitochondrial sirtuin 5 is a weak deacetylase but a very efficient demalonylase and desuccinylase; however, its substrate acyl specificity has not been systematically analyzed. Herein, we investigated a carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 derived peptide substrate and modified the lysine side chain systematically to determine the acyl specificity of Sirt5. From that point we designed six potent peptide‐based inhibitors that interact with the NAD⁺ binding pocket. To characterize the interaction details causing the different substrate and inhibition properties we report several X‐ray crystal structures of Sirt5 complexed with these peptides. Our results reveal the Sirt5 acyl selectivity and its molecular basis and enable the design of inhibitors for Sirt5.     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定壮阳类保健品中达泊西汀和4种PDE5抑制剂

提出了反相高效液相色谱法同时测定壮阳类保健品中4种PDE5抑制剂和达泊西汀含量的方法。样品溶于水中,再加甲醇提取。分取10μL提取液进样,并用Inertsil ODS-SP色谱柱为分离柱和由(A)三乙胺-乙酸-水(8+4+988)混合液,(B)乙腈和(C)0.02%(φ)磷酸溶液三者按不同比例相混的混合液作流动相进行梯度淋洗和分离。在检测波长290nm处进行测定。他达那非的质量浓度在1.25~25.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,其余4种化合物的质量浓度在5.0~100mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.05~0.2mg·L-1之间。加标回收率在94.1%~109%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于1.0%。     

低温溶剂热法制备5V级性能优异的LiCr_(0.2)Ni_(0.4)Mn_(1.4)O_4正极材料(英文)

通过低温溶剂热的方法成功制备出了LiCr0.2Ni0.4Mn1.4O4尖晶石正极材料。通过此法,溶液的饱和蒸汽压急剧降低且在室温(25℃)下即可沸腾。所有的金属离子可在随后的热聚合过程中均匀分散且煅烧后所得材料无杂质相生成。采用了热重分析,X射线衍射,扫描电镜、循环伏安,交流阻抗等测试手段对材料进行了表征。结果表明:此法所得材料含有Mn3+,为Fd3m晶型,且其形貌规则、粒度分布均一。1C和10C下放电容量为140.5和121.0 mAh·g-1,10C下100次循环容量保持率高达96.9%。其优异的电化学性能可归因于均相的前驱体制备过程,高结晶度且无杂相生成,以及较高的锂离子扩散系数诸因素的共同作用。     

An efficient method to synthesize TNAD by the nitration of 1,4,5,8- tetraazabicyclo-[4,4,0]-decane with N20s and acidic ionic liquids

An experimental study was carried out on the direct nitration of 1,4,5,8-tetraaza-bicyclo-[4,4,0]-decane to synthesize 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazabicyclo-[4,4,0]-decane(TNAD) with N2O5 catalyzed by acidic ionic liquids. Various ionic liquids, such as [HMim]X, [(CH2)4SO3HMim]X and [Capl]X(X = pTSO, NO3, HSO4), and various parameters such as equivalents of ionic liquid, molar ratio of N2O5 to the starting material, reaction time and temperature, and solvent were investigated. Ionic liquid [(CH2)4SO3HMim]HSO4 showed better catalytic activity. In the presence of 3% molar ratio of [(CH2)4SO3HMim]HSO4 ionic liquid to the staring material, the yield of 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazabicyclo-[4,4,0]-decane was improved by 6.2% compared to the system without ionic liquid.     

Fractional pyrolysis of Cyanobacteria from water blooms over HZSM-5 for high quality bio-oil production

Fractional pyrolysis and one-step pyrolysis of natural algae Cyanobacteria from Taihu Lake were comparatively studied from 200 to 500 ℃. One-step pyrolysis produced bio-oil with complex composition and low high heating value （HHV〈30.9 MJ/kg）. Fractional pyrolysis separated the degradation of different components in Cyanobacteria and improved the selectivity to products in bio-oil. That is, acids at 200 ℃, amides and acids at 300 ℃, phenols and nitriles at 400 ℃, and phenols at 500 ℃, were got as main products, respectively. HZSM-5 could promote the dehydration, cracking and aromatization of pyrolytic intermediates in fractional pyrolysis. At optimal HZSM-5 catalyst dosage of 1.0 g, the selectivity to products and the quality of bio-oil were improved obviously. The main products in bio-oil changed to nitriles （47.2%） at 300 ℃, indoles （51.3%） and phenols （36.3%） at 400 ℃. The oxygen content was reduced to 7.2 wt% and 9.4 wt%, and the HHV was raised to 38.1 and 37.3 MJ/kg at 300 and 400 ℃, respectively. Fractional catalytic pyrolysis was proposed to be an efficient method not only to provide a potential solution for alleviating environmental pressure from water blooms, but also to improve the selectivity to products and obtain high quality bio-oil.     

Synergistic effect of W and P on ZSM-5 and its catalytic performance in the cracking of heavy oil

In order to develop the conversion of heavy oil with a high yield of propylene in the catalytic cracking process, ZSM-5 zeolite was modified by tungsten and phosphorus, which was proved to be an effective method. Characterization results show that the improvement of catalytic performance could be correlated to the interaction of phosphorus and tungsten species on ZSM-5. P inhibited the aggregation of tungsten species on ZSM-5 and was conductive to convert the tungsten species with octahedral coordination into tetrahedral coordination. And this ultimately led to that more acid sites were reserved after hydrothermal treatment in the tungsten and phosphorus co-modified ZSM-5 catalyst. Phosphorus species played an important role to restrain the dehydrogenation activity of tungsten. In addition, a model reflecting the interaction between tungsten species and ZSM-5 framework was proposed.     

5-甲基苯并三唑-1-乙酸铕三元配合物的合成及表征

以5-甲基-苯并三唑-1-乙酸和1,10-邻菲啰啉为配体,采用溶液法合成了一种铕配合物。通过元素分析、配位滴定、摩尔电导率、红外光谱和紫外光谱对其进行表征。其组成可能为Eu(L)3phen·3.5H2O(HL=5-甲基-苯并三唑-1-乙酸,5-mbtaa;phen=1,10-邻菲啰啉)。使用热分析和荧光光谱研究了配合物的性质。热分析结果显示:铕配合物具有较好的热稳定性。荧光光谱显示:该配合物发出Eu(Ⅲ)特征荧光,并且5-甲基-苯并三唑-1-乙酸是较好的敏化剂。     

Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3的制备及光催化性能研究

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O、Na OH、Ti(OC4H9)4为原料,采用水热法制备Bi0.5Na0.5Ti O3纳米光催化剂。用XRD、TEM表征了Bi0.5Na0.5Ti O3光催化剂的结构和形貌。以亚甲基蓝为模型污染物,考察了不同浓度的Na OH对Bi0.5Na0.5Ti O3晶体在紫外光和可见光照射下光催化活性的影响。通过荧光技术研究了Bi0.5Na0.5Ti O3光催化剂表面羟基自由基的生成,探究了清除剂对光催化降解污染物活性的影响。结果表明:Na OH的浓度对Bi0.5Na0.5Ti O3光催化剂的紫外光和可见光活性有很大的影响,当Na OH浓度为8mol·L-1时制备的Bi0.5Na0.5Ti O3晶体光催化活性最高,光照1h,亚甲基蓝的紫外及可见光催化降解率分别达到69.8%、53.4%,在光催化降解过程中·O2ˉ和·OH起主要作用,尤其是·O2-起了重要作用。     

聚集态的Fe氧化物在Fe/ZSM-5催化N_2O直接分解中的作用(英文)

研究了以离子交换法制备的Fe/ZSM-5上聚合态的Fe氧化物(FeOx)在催化N2O直接分解中的作用.Fe/ZSM-5催化剂利用600–900 ℃的高纯Ar处理,使催化剂中的FeOx发生聚合.利用一系列的表征手段(XRD,BET,DRIFTS,UV/vis-DRS,XAFS,N2O脉冲和O2-TPD)对催化剂进行了表征.结果发现,分子筛骨架外的FeOx在Fe/ZSM-5催化N2O分解中起重要作用;通过研究高温处理的Fe/ZSM-5催化剂中不同FeOx的比例与催化剂活性的关系,得到多核的FeOx是催化N2O分解的主要活性物种;并且,无定形态的FeOx中键长较长的Fe–O键((Fe–O)2)是参与反应的重要物种.