Mechanism of Polarization Production by Means of the Tilted-Foil Technique Studied Using Beta-Radioactive Nuclei

In order to disclose the polarization mechanism of the tilted-foil technique, systematic experimental studies were performed through direct observations of the nuclear polarization of short-lived beta-emitters. The present studies concentrated on the mechanisms of the following processes: (1) production of atomic polarization in the beam–tilted-foil interaction, (2) polarization transfer between an atom and a nucleus, and (3) enhancement of nuclear polarization by the beam multi-tilted-foil interaction. The present results have confirmed the plausibility of a previous model in which the atomic-polarization process in the tilted-foil technique is attributed to the right–left asymmetry of the electron-capture process at the final surface of a tilted foil. The enhancement effect of nuclear polarization by the multi-tilted-foil technique could be consistently explained by a model proposed by Goldring and Niv. Further information on atomic processes is required to make a definite statement on hyperfine interactions and atomic configurations, which contribute to polarization transfer.     

The pore opening process and its influence on conductivity measurements of irradiated polymer films by application of the electrochemical etching method

The technique of the electrochemical etching of irradiated polymer films is an useful method to investigate structures of the track cores.

The transversale etching rate as a function of the radius, derived from the time-dependence of the radius of the etching pore, can be interpreted as a corresponding magnitude of the degree of the damage within the track core.

In the case of polymer films irradiated by a high track density, the influence of the time distribution of the breakthroughs (pore opening process) of the etching microchannels on the conductivity changes during the etching process is to be discussed. First represented results lead to statements about the statistical nature of the pore opening process.     

A novel superhydrophobic surface based on low‐density polyethylene/ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer thermoplastic vulcanizate

A novel superhydrophobic surface based on low‐density polyethylene (LDPE)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer (EPDM) thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) was successfully fabricated where the etched aluminum foil was used as template. The etched aluminum template, consisted of countless micropores and step‐like textures, was obtained by metallographic sandpaper sanding and the subsequent acid etching. The surface morphology and the hydrophobic properties of the molded TPV surface were researched by using field emission scanning electron microscope and contact angle meter, respectively. From the microstructure observation of the superhydrophobic LDPE/EPDM TPV surface, the step‐like textures obtained via molding with etched aluminum foil template and a large number of fiber‐like structures resulted from the plastic deformation of LDPE matrix could be found obviously. The obtained TPV surface exhibited remarkable superhydrophobicity, with a contact angle of 152.0° ± 0.7° and a sliding angle of 3.1° ± 0.8°.     

High electrochemiluminescence intensity of the Ru(bpy)3 2+/oxalate system on a platinum net electrode

A new method for enhancing the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensity of the Ru(bpy)₃ ²⁺/ oxalate system is presented. When a platinum net was used as a working electrode and a platinum foil as an auxiliary electrode, the ECL intensity of the system was enhanced greatly. In addition, a cathodic peak appeared at 0.18 V (vs. SCE) on a platinum net electrode, and ECL of the system was observed at 0.18 V.     

纳米ZnO薄膜的制备及其可见光催化降解甲基橙

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备ZnO透明溶胶, 在铝箔上涂膜后经500 ℃处理制得具有可见光响应的纳米ZnO薄膜光催化剂. 以甲基橙模拟有机污染物, 在可见光下研究了薄膜的降解性能, 结果表明, 用一片有效面积为200 cm2的ZnO/Al薄膜作为催化剂, 甲基橙的降解率达到96.3％, 比ZnO负载在玻璃上制得的ZnO/glass薄膜催化剂活性高得多. 采用扫描电镜与原子力显微镜对ZnO/Al薄膜制备条件进行了表征, 结果发现多孔ZnO/Al薄膜比致密ZnO/Al薄膜具有更高的活性, 实验制备的具有高活性的ZnO/Al薄膜颗粒平均直径为52.2 nm. 采用本方法制备的ZnO/Al薄膜是一种具有应用前景的, 能在可见光下降解有机物的有效光催化剂.     

弹性箔片动压径向气体轴承动特性的实验研究

建立了新型弹性箔片动压气体轴承性能测试实验台，在静载60N、转速9000r／min条件下进行轴承性能测试试验，通过中心插值法获得轴承中心的扰动速度和加速度，采用时域最小二乘法计算不同激振频率下的8个轴承动态线性刚度和阻尼系数，考察了激振频率对轴承动特性系数的影响．结果表明：轴颈中心扰动轨迹为椭圆形且振幅随动态激振频率增加而增大；刚度和阻尼系数的直接项随动态激振频率增加而减小；交叉刚度和阻尼相对激振频率的变化较小，且其值小于直接项；当激振频率与轴颈转动频率相同时，工频成分的影响较大，轴心扰动幅值明显增大，刚度和阻尼的直接项小于其它频率时的值．     

Raman analysis of bilayer graphene film prepared on commercial Cu(0.5 at% Ni) foil

This study reports the Raman analysis of bilayer graphene films prepared on commercial dilute Cu(0.5 at% Ni) foils using atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition. A bilayer graphene film obtained on Cu foil is known to have small areas of bilayer (islands) with a significant fraction of non‐Bernal stacking, while that obtained on Cu/Ni is known to grow over a large area with Bernal stacking. In the Raman optical microscope images, a wafer‐scale monolayer and large‐area bilayer graphene films were distinguished and confirmed with Raman spectra intensities ratios of 2D to G peaks. The large‐area part of bilayer graphene film obtained was assisted by Ni surface segregation because Ni has higher methane decomposition rate and carbon solubility compared with Cu. The Raman data suggest a Bernal stacking order in the prepared bilayer graphene film. A four‐point probe sheet resistance of graphene films confirmed a bilayer graphene film sheet resistance distinguished from that of monolayer graphene. A relatively higher Ni surface concentration in Cu(0.5 at% Ni) foil was confirmed with time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The inhomogeneous distribution of Ni in a foil and the diverse crystallographic surface of a foil (confirmed with proton‐induced X‐ray emission and electron backscatter diffraction, respectively) could be a reason for incomplete wafer‐scale bilayer graphene film. The Ni surface segregation in dilute Cu(0.5 at% Ni) foil has a potential to impact on atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition growth of large‐area bilayer graphene film. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Design and development of the 6–18 MeV electron beam system for medical and other applications

A system for the electron and photon therapy has been designed and developed at SAMEER, IITB, Mumbai. All the components of the system such as the 270° beam bending electromagnet, trim coils, magnet chamber, electron scattering foil, slits, applicators, etc., were designed and fabricated indigenously. The electrons of 6, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 18?MeV energies were provided by a linear accelerator, indigenously designed and made at SAMEER, IITB campus, Mumbai. The electron beam from the LINAC enters the magnet chamber horizontally, and after deflection and focusing in the 270° bending magnet, comes out of the exit port, and travels a straight path vertically down. After passing through the beryllium and tantalum scattering foils, the electron beam gets scattered and turns into a solid cone shape such that the diameter increases with the travel distance. The simulation results indicate that at the exit port of the 270° beam bending magnet, the electron beam has a divergence angle of ≤ 3?mrad and diameter ～2–3?mm, and remains constant over 6–18?MeV. Normally, 6–18?MeV electrons are used for the electron therapy of skin and malignant cancer near the skin surface. On a plane at a distance of 100?cm from the scattering foils, the size of the electron beam could be varied from 10?cm?×?10?cm to 25?cm?×?25?cm using suitable applicators and slits. Different types of applicators were therefore designed and fabricated to provide required beam profile and dose of electrons to a patient. The 6?MeV cyclic electron accelerator called Race-Track Microtron of S. P. Pune University, Pune, was extensively used for studying the performances of the scattering foils, electron beam uniformity and radiation dose measurement. Different types of thermoluminescent dosimetry dosimeters were developed to measure dose in the range of 1–10kGy.     

箔片-电磁混合轴承的稳态承载特性及控制

箔片-电磁混合轴承(HFMB)是一种将气体箔片轴承和电磁轴承混合使用的新型轴承,有效解决了气体箔片轴承低速磨损大和电磁轴承承载力有限的不足,并且具备载荷可分配和支撑系统动力学性能可调节等优点.文中在分析两种轴承稳态承载特性的基础上详细讨论了混合轴承的稳态控制方法,给出了一种以电磁轴承实际承载力与预分配承载力差值最小为控制目标,通过等边三角形为基本单元对混合轴承工作区域进行划分的箔片-电磁混合轴承稳态工作位置搜索算法.最后建立了系统模型并进行了数值仿真,验证了稳态控制系统的可行性和有效性.     

1.053μm激光辐照金箔靶发射X射线能谱的实验研究

在“星光-Ⅱ”单束高功率激光装置上利用束匀滑的钕玻璃基频激光辐照不同厚度的金箔靶,测量了金箔靶前向和背向的X射线能谱、X射线辐射能量角分布及X射线能谱时间变化过程,研究了金箔靶中激光烧蚀及辐射烧蚀过程;获得了不同厚度金箔、不同激光功率密度及不同角度等几种条件下其前后向X射线能谱的定量测量结果,同时从不同厚度的金箔背侧X射线能谱时间过程观察到明显的辐射热波时间延迟. 关键词： 金箔靶 X射线能谱 辐射烧蚀 辐射热波