A GENERAL FREQUENCY DEPENDENT DIGITAL OPTIMAL PREVIEW SERVO SYSTEM

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An investigation on the lift force of a wing pitching in dynamic stall for a comfort control vessel

On the basis of a comfort control system for ocean vessels, the control forces and moments in the form of lift forces from active wings are of important interest. In an ocean vessel comfort control system, active wings or fins are commonly used and constantly adjust their angles of attack to produce optimal sea-keeping conditions. The unsteady nature of the flow field around a wing, and the behaviour of the generated lift force must be understood in order to optimize the comfort control system. This paper presents experimental data on the flow past a pitching wing, paying particular attention to the lagging effects between the fluid dynamic lift force and the motion of the wing at large angles of attack as a function of peak angle of attack and reduced frequency of oscillation. The range of motion investigated has been chosen according to the applicability of a comfort control wing surface. Numerical data is also included to aid explanation on some of the witnessed phenomena.     

采用压电和粘弹性材料的杂交控制的研究进展

杂交阻尼控制技术是许多工程结构减振和改善性能的重要方法之一.本文主要从杂交阻尼结构的几个特征方面:阻尼结构形式、建模假设、黏弹性材料建模、响应分析方法、控制方法、参数研究和结构选择来研究杂交阻尼结构的研究进展和主要研究成果.研究发现绝大多数的文献只局限于研究梁板的问题.因此很有必要加强对壳体等复杂结构的研究.最后文中指出了有关杂交阻尼结构继续发展的有待深入研究的几个方面.图0参72     

用二级控制法对二维连续体进行形状优化

二级控制的意思是在自然设计变量和有限元网格节点之间加入设计单元，建立自然设计变量控制关键点坐标，关键点控制有限元网格节点，共两层控制关系。后一层控制关系借助有限元形函数描述设计单元，并引入相应的参数坐标，从而实现敏庋分析、结构形状变化的控制和网格的变动控制。本文使用二级控制理论有效地解决了二维连续体结构形状优化的一些困难，将形状优化问题处理成序列二次规划问题求解。使用MSC／PCL语言在MSC／Patran＆Nasntran平台上实现了优化模块的二次开发。本文设计思路的可行性和程序的有效性通过若干算例得到证实。     

作动器参数对结构性能的影响和调整受力状态的实施策略模拟

基于规划法研究了作动器各参数对自适应超静定桁架性能的影响。该规划法能够使结构工作状态更合理化。这一方法能够改善自适应结构的工作状态因而提高承载能力。以此为基础，研究了具有作动器的组合杆的有关参数诸如变形上限、刚度和承载力上限对于控制效果的影响。从而为作动器的合理选择提供了理论根据。对于调整作动器变形以控制结构强度的实施策略进行了模拟和分析。该策略包括3部分：1．模拟和分析了“加载、调控、卸载”重复循环直至调控的完成；2．不同作动器按比例同时放大变形直到调控实现；3．多次加载、调控同一次加载、调控结构的等价性。研究表明本文提出的使结构工作状态合理化的调控过程是安全、可靠和灵活的。     

Analysis of Concentration as Sampled in

The aim of this paper is to analyze the statistical properties of solute concentration in natural aquifers as sampled in observation wells, having a small diameter in comparison with the characteristic size of the heterogeneity in hydraulic properties. The analysis, in Langragian framework, takes advantage of the reverse formulation, where, instead of considering the destination of the injected particles, the origin of the particle being sampled is sought. In the case of small values of the log-conductivity variance _Y², it allows the derivation of an analytical expression for concentration mean, variance and pdf, while for aquifer characterized by high value in _Y², a numerical analysis based on a Monte Carlo approach using a reverse scheme is developed and applied for values of _Y² up to 2. In this case, the use of a Beta function to fit the concentration pdf proves valid for practical applications. The comparison between the numerical and the analytical results defines the range of validity of the analytical ones. The relative role of large-scale dispersion processes and pore-scale effects is analyzed in terms of global variance in order to point out limits and accuracy of the Eulerian scheme in comparison with the Lagrangian one.     

改变飞艇重心位置控制纵向运动

本文针对目前平流层飞艇的运动控制效率较低的问题,重点研究了改变平流层飞艇重心的轴向位置来控制飞艇的纵向运动。首先讨论了考虑飞艇重心位置的力和力矩平衡,并利用德国斯图加特大学风洞试验的数据,进行了算例分析。然后和常用的升降舵控制进行效率比较,得出了在空气密度较低的平流层采用改变重心位置比舵面控制具有优越性的结论。最后提出了改变飞艇重心位置的方法。     

EXACT LINEARIZATION BASED MULTIPLE-SUBSPACE ITERATIVE RESOLUTION TO AFFINE NONLINEAR CONTROL SYSTEM

To the optimal control problem of affine nonlinear system, based on differential geometry theory, feedback precise linearization was used. Then starting from the simulative relationship between computational structural mechanics and optimal control, multiple-substructure method was inducted to solve the optimal control problem which was linearized. And finally the solution to the original nonlinear system was found. Compared with the classical linearizational method of Taylor expansion, this one diminishes the abuse of error expansion with the enlargement of used region.     

变速转子准稳态主动平衡系统的增益调度控制

在现代高速旋转机械中,不平衡引起的振动是机器性能降低甚至损坏的重要原因。对变速转子准稳态主动平衡系统,可按一定时间步长把变转速离散成有限个转动角速度。针对每个离散角速度,依据影响系数法,采用包含残余振动值和校正不平衡的广义线性二次型目标性能函数推导出控制律。通过每个离散转速下影响系数的估计和增益矩阵的计算,形成对应于各离散转速的增益表,从而实现变速转子准稳态主动平衡系统的增益调度控制。数值模拟验证了增益调度控制能很好地抑制不平衡振动。与传统的加权二乘法(WLS)相比,数值模拟显示,该法对校正不平衡的惩罚可提高系统的稳定性,也可增强控制的鲁棒性。     

基于模糊PID的直流力矩电机转速控制

在分析模糊控制和 PID 控制结合方式的基础上,设计了一个二维模糊 PID 控制算法,该算法根据误差信号是否达到阈值来决定何时在模糊控制与 PID 控制之间切换。采用编码器、80196KC 单片机、16 位 D/A 转换器和直流力矩电并结合上述控制算法构成直流力矩电机的模糊PID 稳速控制系统。通过对标准 PID 和模糊 PID 实测数据分析比较说明,模糊 PID 控制可以达到无超调输出,其调节时间小于标准 PID 控制的调节时间,稳态误差小于万分之四。