单级自动复叠混合工质制冷循环的实验研究

由于压缩机压比的局限,制约着单一制冷剂的压缩回热循环发展,本系统采用单一压缩机和混合工质的自复叠制冷循环系统取得了较好的制冷效果。文中对单级自动复叠制冷系统进行了理论模拟,并设计和搭建了实验台进行分析。通过理论和实验数据的分析得出混合工质组合R600a/R23,并初步得到最优配比。     

气泡泵在冷态试验下的性能研究

搭建气泡输入式冷态试验系统,以常压饱和水为工质,均匀输入空气形成连续气泡用于模拟气泡泵运行系统,对气泡泵的性能进行研究。其实验结果与在加热状态下气泡泵的性能相比较,综合分析气体输入量(可转换成加热量)、沉浸比等对气泡泵性能的影响,提出产生此结果的原因。     

合肥光源交错刀片型光位置检测器的研制

为了减小同步光尺寸对同步光位置检测器灵敏度的影响,合肥光源新研制了一种交错刀片型光位置检测器,并使用成熟的商业化产品Libera Photon进行后续的数据处理和输出。基于传统计算光位置信号的差比和方法,提出了比值和对数比两种新的计算方法,理论模拟了3种计算方法下交错刀片型光位置检测器的性能。在线标定结果与理论计算结果相符,并在机器研究光束线进行了初步的应用研究。     

一种用于计算三维视觉测量中线结构光平面的新型算法

介绍了一种基于线结构光的机器视觉测量系统的光平面计算方法.该方法采用图像减影来获取光条图像,利用Steger算法提取图像中的亚像素光条中心点,再用正交直线拟合法计算图像坐标系下的光条直线方程.通过靶标特征点的世界坐标和交比不变性,计算线结构光在靶标平面上的世界坐标点,并将这些坐标点用正交平面拟合法计算得到光平面方程.为了提高整体准确度,本文对算法进行了细节优化,给出了标定系统的设计方案和实验过程.实验结果表明,该方法具有较好的鲁棒性和较高的准确度.     

冰的熔解热实验中冰水质量比的探讨

冰与温水质量比对冰的熔解热实验的成败起着关键作用。文章对冰水质量比进行测量和分析,得出了冰的熔解热实验中最适合的冰水质量比的范围约为1／12-1／5。     

激光击穿光谱技术监测固土过程中阳离子交换

为了实时探测离子土固化剂(ISS)在固土过程中的阳离子交换量(CEC),采用激光击穿光谱技术(LIBS),对ISS处理后的土壤溶液中的K、Ca、Na、Mg、Al、Si这6种离子含量进行探测。分别对由不同配比(1∶100、1∶200和1∶300)的ISS处理过的高岭土、膨胀土、红粘土等5种标准土壤进行了研究,结果表明:同一土壤中的各种离子随ISS配比的变化趋势各不相同;不同土壤与ISS作用的效果各不相同;ISS的配比并非越高越好。这些工作为ISS固化机理的研究提供实验依据,而利用激光击穿光谱技术进行探测的方式为ISS固化机理的研究提供了新的思路。     

Zn/O ratio and oxygen chemical state of nanocrystalline ZnO films grown at different temperatures

ZnO nanocrystalline films are prepared on Si substrates at different temperatures by using metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD). It is observed that when the growth temperature is low, the stoichiometric ratio between Zn and O atoms has a large deviation from the ideal ratio of 1:1. The ZnO grains in the film have small sizes and are not well crystallized, resulting in a poor photoluminescence (PL) property. When the temperature is increased to an appropriate value, the Zn/O ratio becomes optimized, and most of Zn and O atoms are combined into Zn-O bonds. Then the film has good crystal quality and good PL property. If the temperature is fairly high, the interfacial mutual diffusion of atoms between the substrate and the epitaxial film appears, and the desorption process of the oxygen atoms is enhanced. However, it has no effect on the film property. The film still has the best crystal quality and PL property.     

Contact ratio of rough surfaces with multiple asperities in mixed lubrication at high pressures

Relative optical intensity interference was used to measure the lubrication film thickness when four kinds of polyalphaolefin (PAO) were used as lubricants confined between a smooth sapphire disc surface and a rough steel ball surface. Maximum Hertz contact pressure up to 3 GPa was applied in the central part of the contact region in mixed lubrication. It was found that the contact ratio (the ratio of real contact region to the whole nominal contact region) is related to the film thickness, the applied pressure, the surface roughness and the rolling speed, and so on. Contact ratio evidently reduces as lubrication film thickness or rolling speed increases. Quantitative relationship between the contact ratio and the influence factors was summarized based on the nonlinear fitting of experimental measurements. A formula was put forward to calculate the contact ratio at high pressure conditions according to the current experimental results.     

基于压扩变换的60GHz正交频分复用光载无线通信系统实验研究

提出并实验研究了在60GHz正交频分复用(OFDM)-光载无线通信(ROF)系统中采用压扩变换技术降低OFDM信号峰值平均功率比(PAPR),并提高系统的接收灵敏度。实验结果表明,携带基于压扩变换的2.5Gb/s60GHz的OFDM-ROF信号经标准单模光纤传输50km后,在无色散补偿和误码率为10-3的条件下,当入纤功率为12dBm时,系统接收灵敏度提高约2.3dB,并且当互补累积分布函数(CCDF)为10-4时,OFDM信号的PAPR下降约3dB。     

Si掺杂Ag基超分辨薄膜读出性能研究

超分辨薄膜是一种能够实现突破光学衍射极限的功能薄膜,它在超分辨近场光存储技术中起到至关重要的作用。采用磁控溅射共溅的方式制备了Ag掺杂一定量Si的超分辨复合薄膜,测试了其作为掩膜层的超分辨光盘读出性能,并获得了最佳的薄膜制备条件,即当Ag溅射功率为55 W,Si为95 W,溅射时间为80s,薄膜厚度为39nm时,超分辨光盘的读出信号载噪比(CNR)最高为28dB。用X射线光电子能谱测量了上述薄膜的组成,用扫描电子显微镜观察了薄膜微区形貌,并用椭圆偏振光谱仪测量了薄膜的光学常数和厚度。超分辨复合薄膜的读出机理可以用Ag的散射型机理解释。光盘在持续读出10万次以后读出信号基本没有下降。