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141.
以纳米微晶纤维素(NCC)为模板剂,采用酸催化水解法制备了球形介孔TiO2(SP-TiO2).并采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和低温N2吸附-脱附等手段对其进行了表征.结果表明,所制SP-TiO2为直径100~200nm的规整球形颗粒,单个球形颗粒由粒径为10~20nm的TiO2小晶粒组成.其介孔孔径为8.2~13.5nm,且随焙烧温度的升高而增大.NCC长链结构之间羟基键合所形成的狭小空间构成的微反应器,可有效限制TiO2前驱体的生长和团聚,诱导其晶粒自组装成球形结构,并抑制由锐钛矿相向金红石相转变.600oC焙烧的SP-TiO2表现出最高的光催化活性,对苯酚降解率达89%. 相似文献
142.
SBA-15的二氧化钛改性及其光催化降解对氯苯酚 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
在“后合成”法在介孔二氧化硅SBA-15的孔壁表面键接了二氧化钛,并对其 结构进行了表征。改性后的SBA-15保持了规则的介孔结构,并在孔壁表面形成了 类似于锐钛型二氧化钛的Ti-O-Ti网络结构。光催化降解对氯苯酚的结果表明,经 过两次二氧化钛键接的样品表现出较高的光催化效率。但是由于对酚、醌等中间产 物的强烈吸附以及孔道中反应物质的扩散速度慢,使得其光催化活性略低于纯的锐 钛型二氧化钛。 相似文献
143.
Enhanced Adsorption Capacity and Photo-Catalytic Oxidative Activity of Dyes in Aqueous Medium by Hydrothermally Treated Titania Pillared Clay 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Titania pillared montmorillonite clay was prepared by two different routes viz. 1) conventional ion exchange method and 2) modified method wherein the post hydrothermal treatment after ion-exchange was employed. The influence of the post hydrothermal treatment on the textural properties of titania-pillared clays was studied. The calcined clay was characterized by different physico-chemical techniques such as XRD, EDX, low temperature (77 K) nitrogen adsorption and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The content of pillared titania remained unchanged irrespective of the method of preparation. The method of preparation and severity of the conditions employed for the hydrothermal treatment resulted in alteration of the crystallinity and crystallite size of the anatase. The changes in the average pore diameter was found to comensurate with the changes in crystallite size of anatase phase. The increase in total pore volume as a function of the severity of the post hydrothermal treatment resulted in the decrease in micropore volume. The severity of the post hydrothermal treatment governed the extent of the blue shift in UV-Vis DRS spectra.The behaviour of titania pillared clays in adsorptive capacity and in photo-catalytic oxidation of methylene blue and victoria pure blue in aqueous medium was studied as a function of their physico-chemical characteristics. The titania pillared clays prepared by post hydrothermal route has shown enhanced adsorption capacity and photo-catalytic oxidation. 相似文献
144.
Sun-Jae Kim E.G. Lee S.D. Park C.J. Jeon Y.H. Cho C.K. Rhee W.W. Kim 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2001,22(1-2):63-74
The photocatalytic characteristics of nanostructured TiO2 ultrafine powder with rutile phase produced using the homogeneous precipitation process at low temperatures (HPPLT) were compared with those of commercial P-25 TiO2 powder by flame hydrolysis. The TiO2 powder by the HPPLT showed much higher photoactivity in the removal rate, showing lower pH values in the solution than the P-25 powder when eliminating metal ions such as Pb and Cu from the aqueous metal-EDTA solutions. This can be inferred as the more rapid photo-oxidation or -reduction of metal ions from the aqueous solution, together with relatively higher efficiencies in the use of an electron-hole pair formed on the surface of the TiO2 particles under UV light irradiation. Also, in the view of the TiO2 particle morphology, compared to the well-dispersed spherical P-25 particles, the agglomerated TiO2 secondary particles by the HPPLT consist of acicular typed primary particles with a thickness in the range of 3–7 nm and the primary particles radialize in all directions, which would be more effective to photocatalytic reactions without the large electron-hole recombination on the surface of the TiO2 particle under UV light irradiation. It can be, therefore, thought that the higher photoactivity of the rutile TiO2 powder by the HPPLT in the aqueous solutions results mainly from having a larger surface area by the acicular shaped primary particles with very thin thickness and radialization in all directions. 相似文献
145.
Nurbosyn U. Zhanpeisov Shinya Higashimoto Masakazu Anpo 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2001,84(6):677-685
Ab initio quantum chemical studies at the HF/Lanl2dz level were carried out to investigate the interaction of ammonia, NO, and a mixture of the two with vanadia/titania. It was found that the replacement of Ti6c by V6c is the only feasible way to form highly dispersed vanadia over the titania. The V?O species thus formed will be in octahedral symmetry with the axial distortions, and no tetrahedrally coordinated V species can be formed. Ammonia fully covers the catalyst surface either through the associative interaction with the Lewis acid site of Ti5c or the dissociative adsorption channels. The dissociation of ammonia on the O site bridging the Ti6c and V6c octahedra and on the V?O group can proceed with the highest gain in energy. The formation of an adsorbed ammonium ion was found to be an energetically highly unfavorable process. The V?O group is no longer expected to play a major role in the stabilization of the surface ammonium ion. NO can be activated on the Ti5c site of the catalyst containing predissociated ammonia on the bridging O site and V?O group. It can be expected that the SCR reaction products are formed through the reactions of both adsorbed NO and NH2 or the desorbed NH2 group with NO in the gas phase. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2001 相似文献
146.
Jerzy Walendziewski Marek Kulayski Janusz Trawczyski 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2001,73(2):341-348
Preparation of support series for catalysts of combustion of halogenated volatile organic compounds (H-VOC's) was carried
out. It was stated that all they allow preparing active catalysts however their main drawback is the lack of hardness against
products of H-VOC's combustion e.g. hydrogen chloride and chlorine. Laboratory tests showed that titania and silica - titania supports were characterized by
the highest hardness against chlorine derivatives. In comparison to the titania supports, low content (ca. 10 wt.%) silica-containing supports have better mechanical properties, i.e. mechanical strength and attrition resistance. In this paper the method of preparation, composition and physicochemical properties
of silica - titania support are presented.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
147.
化学镀镍-高磷合金的微观结构及晶化行为研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
分别以SnCl2.2H2O和SnCl2.5H2O为锡源,采用胶溶晶核法,经沉淀和胶溶过程,在液相中一步合成了金红石型TiO2。详细考察了各种胶溶条件对产物结构的影响,并通过两种锡源实验结果的比较对异相晶核法中两种锡源的成晶机理进行了分析,所合成的金红石型TiO2晶粒度为20-50nm,两种方法获得完全红金石型TiO2所需引入SnO2的最低物质的量的分数分别为10%和8%。 相似文献
148.
环己酮肟在B2O3/Al2O3-TiO2催化剂上的气相Beckmann重排反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
制备了B2O3/Al2O3-TiO2复合载体催化剂,并考察了其对环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排制己内酰胺反应的催化性能. 结果表明,载体中TiO2的含量、B2O3的负载量、载体的预处理温度及催化剂的焙烧温度等均对催化剂的性能产生明显的影响. 当载体中TiO2含量为60%,B2O3负载量为20%,催化剂经350 ℃焙烧时,环己酮肟的气相Beckmann重排反应的转化率和选择性很高. 用BET,NH3-TPD,XRD和IR等方法对催化剂的织构、表面酸性和晶相等进行了表征,并与催化剂的活性进行了关联,表明催化剂表面中等强度的酸中心浓度与催化剂的选择性具有对应关系. 相似文献
149.
在常温下制备了具有不同钛含量的大比表面积和孔体积的介孔分子筛HMS.XRD谱表明,这些Ti-HMS样品呈现出很好的六方晶形.经焙烧后,Ti-HMS样品的UV吸收光谱和XAFS谱结果表明,在Ti-HMS(1)和Ti-HMS(2)骨架中的钛离子以四配位存在,而在Ti-HMS(10)中至少有部分钛是以六配位存在.在NO存在的情况下,在273K下光催化剂Ti-HMS受紫外光照射后,导致NO分解生成N2,O2和N2O.实验结果表明,具有高分散四配位钛的Ti-HMS(1)使NO以高效率、高选择性分解生成N2和O2;随着钛含量的增加,其光催化活性反而降低. 相似文献
150.
TiO2光催化降解4-氯苯酚过程中的电分析监测 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用循环伏安法和紫外光谱法对有机物的光催化降解进行机理研究和在线监测.以标准光催化剂DegussaP25在紫外光照射下催化降解4-氯苯酚,发现在降解过程中至少有两对氧化还原中间产物对苯二酚-苯醌和羟基氢醌-羟基苯醌.由4-氯苯酚及中间产物的电极响应,可以观测到它们在光催化降解过程中的含量变化,从而对整个过程实现在线监测,并由此全面了解光催化反应机理.从不同反应时间后测得的紫外光谱可以看到,苯环特征峰逐渐消失.这表明4-氯苯酚的苯环逐渐被打开,直至被彻底降解. 相似文献