PVC DISULFIDE AS CATHODE MATERIALS FOR SECONDARY LITHIUM BATTERIES

PVC disulfide (2SPVC) was synthesized by solution crosslink and its molecular structure was confirmed by infrared spectrum. 2SPVC's specific area is 36.1 m2·g-1 tested by stand BET method, and granularity experiment gives out the particle size of d0.5= 11.3μm. With SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) experiment the surface morphology and particle shape of 2SPVC were observed. Cyclic voltammetry (scan rate: 0.5 mV·s-1) shows that 2SPVC experience an obvious S-S redox reaction in charge-discharge process. When 2SPVC was used as cathode material for secondary lithium battery in a 1 mol·L-1 solution of lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (Li(CF3SO2)2N) in a 5:45:50 volume ratio mixture of o-xylene (oxy), diglyme (DG) and dimethoxymethane (DME) at 30℃, the first discharge capacity of 2SPVC is about 400.3 mAh·g-1 which is very close to its theoretical value (410.5 mAh·g-1) at a constant discharge current of 15 mA·g-1. It can retain at about 346.1 mAh·g-1 of discharge capacity after 30 charge-discharge cycles. So 2SPVC is a very promising cathode candidate for rechargeable lithium batteries.     

LiCoO2/LiNiO2/LiMn2O4材料安全性能的研究

随着锂离子电池的大型化,对电池安全性能的研究显得更为重要。锂离子电池的安全性有不同的测试方法,如进行过充试验和短路试验。在这些安全性试验中,以及在滥用中出现的安全性的问题,大多是由于电池内部温度升高,进而触发了大量放热的副反应[1],引起电池发生爆炸。本文通过对AA     

Li/富锂钒青铜(Li_6V_6O_(15))二次电池正极材料研究

近年来,人们对二次锂电池的正极进行了不少研究。许多过渡金属氧化物或硫化物,如V_6O(13),Li_(1+x)V_3O_8,TiS_2,MoS_2等被认为是较好的正极材料。Pistoia等研究了Li_(1+x)V_3O_8钒青铜的电化学性能得出,当Li浓度高时,由于电子定域作用使电荷屏蔽效应     

Analyzing electrochemical noise with Chebyshev’s discrete polynomials

The principles underlying a novel method intended for analyzing experimental data obtained when studying fluctuation processes are considered. The method in question is Chebyshev’s spectroscopy. The application of this method allows one to determine statistic characteristics of steady-state electrochemical noise against the background of severe deterministic interference without invoking the procedure of the fitting of the initial data. The potentialities of this novel method, which is intended for treating noise experiment, are demonstrated by examining model examples and analyzing the electrochemical noise generated by a lithium electrode placed in an aprotic organic electrolyte.     

聚苯醚磺酸锂与聚醋酸乙烯酯共混物的导电性能研究

为改善聚苯醚磺酸锂（SPPOLi）的导电性能，将聚酷酸乙烯酯（PVAc）与之共混，X-射线衍射分析表明，PVAc可降低SPPOLi凝聚结构的有序程度；发现共混后电导率有了较大提高，共混物的电导对温度的依赖关系不符合阿仑尼马斯方程；同时，共混物仍保持了单离子传导性．     

Interaction of long chain alkylammonium cations with reduced charge montmorillonite

Reduced charge montmorillonites (RCM) were prepared using lithium thermal treatment. The sorption of octylammonium (OA), dodecylammonium (DDA) and hexadecylammonium ions (HDA) on differently charged samples were studied. The amounts of DDA and HDA sorbed on each RCM exceed the cation exchange capacity (CEC) but that of OA exceeds only the CEC of samples with the lowest CEC. The sorption is affected not only by the layer charge but also by the formation of collapsed interlayer spaces in the lowest charged montmorillonites. X-ray measurements confirmed the decrease of the layer charge after lithium thermal treatment and the layer charge heterogeneity in RCMs.     

Products of lithium interaction with nanostructured oxides SnO2-TiO2 and mechanism of charge-discharge of electrodes in a lithium-ion battery

Products of lithium interaction with thin-film nanostructured SnO₂-TiO₂ (ST) oxides are studied with the aid of x-ray diffraction analysis and Moessbauer spectroscopy on the ¹¹⁹Sn nuclei. Electrochemical properties of a series of the ST electrodes with different concentrations of TiO₂ varied from 0 to 20 mol % are also examined. It is concluded that the specific feature of the charge-discharge mechanism of the ST electrodes is a significant participation of oxygen in reversible reactions during insertion and extraction of lithium as compared with an alloying mechanism of operation of tin-containing anodes. The leading role in this is played by titanium oxide. Remaining stable towards reduction by lithium, it facilitates the holding of the neighboring layers of SnO₂ in a nanodisperse state and in an oxidized state. The effect of a decrease in the capacity degradation in modified TiO₂ electrodes, which is discovered in this work, is attributed to the hampering of the growth of nanocrystallites of β-Sn by interlayers of tin and titanium oxides mentioned above.     

碳包覆LiFePO4的一步固相法制备及高温电化学性能

Carbon coated LiFePO₄ cathode material was synthesized by one-step solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission-scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Electrochemical performances of the material as cathode in lithium-ion battery were investigated at medium and elevated temperature (30 and 55 ℃) by galvanostatic charge-discharge and A.C. impedance tests. The results show that carbon coated LiFePO₄ powder exhibits a well-crystallized olivine structure and spherical morphology with an average particle size of about 500 nm. Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests show that the reversible discharge capacity at 1 C and 1.5 C rates was improved from 121 and 105 mAh·g^-1 at 30 ℃ to 136 and 123 mAh·g^-1 at 55℃, respectively, while the enhancement of high temperature on electrochemical performance is less obvious at a rate lower than 0.5 C. Impedance spectra analyses indicate that the cathode material has a remarkably higher lithium-ion diffusivity at 55 ℃ than that at 30 ℃, which improves the electrochemical performance at high temperature.     

锂及锂离子蓄电池有机溶剂研究进展

从有机溶剂对电池安全性的影响，氧化稳定性，与负极的相容性及对电解液电导率的影响四个方面，论述了锂及锂离子蓄电池有机溶剂的化学和电化学，介绍了碳酸酯类，醚类和羧酸酯类溶剂的性质与电极的相容性及在有机电解液中的应用，对含硫，硼基及胺类有机溶剂等也作了论述。     

Crystal structures of the complexes of rare earth picrates with N, N, N′, N′-tetraphenyl-3, 6-dioxaoctanediamide

The complexes of rare earth picrate with N, N, N′, N′-tetraphenyl-3, 6-dioxaoctanediamide (TDD), [Eu(pic)₃(TDD)]-2CH₃CN and [Y(pic)₃(TDD)], have been synthesized. The crystal structures reveal that TDD acts as a tetradentate ligand, forming a ring-like coordination structure with its oxygen atoms together with one oxygen atom of the bidentate picrate. In the Eu (III) complex, the europium ion with a larger ionic radius lies out of the ring, while in the Y (III) complex, the yttrium ion with a smaller ionic radius enters the cavity of the ligand. The structures of the complexes are greatly affected by the ionic radii due to participation of the picrates in coordination. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Doctoral Foundation of the State Education Commission of China, and the Climb Plan Foundation of the State Science and Technology Commission of China.