植入式神经电极阵列器件与材料的研究进展

The human brain comprises over 100 billion neurons that communicate with each other via electrical activities called action potentials. Sensory perception, cognition, and behavior all emerge from these activities. Neuroengineering is a developing interdisciplinary field that employs knowledge from neurobiology, electrical and electronic engineering, materials science and engineering, computer science, and many others. Neuroengineering aims to develop tools for understanding the mechanism of brain function at the circuit level, and to further the development of neuromodulation strategy and neuroprosthetics for motor, sensory, and mental rehabilitation from disabilities and illnesses.     

2D Accordion-like MXene Nanosheets as a Sensitive Electrode Material for Baicalin Sensing

Herein, accordion-like MXene nanosheets was used as electrode sensing material for baicalin determination in traditional Chinese medicine preparation for the first time. The consecutive multilayer nanostructure of MXene observably enhanced the electroactive surface area of electrode and accelerated the electron transfer rate to acquire outstanding electrochemical response to baicalin. The electrode process of baicalin and relative dynamic parameters were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and chronocoulometry. Under optimized conditions, a good linear relationship was achieved between the response current and baicalin levels over the range of 0.08–60 μM with a detection limit of 26 nM (S/N=3). The developed sensor was successfully applied for baicalin monitoring in traditional Chinese medicine preparation and human urine samples.     

FOULING PREVENTION WITH FLUIDIZED PARTICLES IN EVAPORATION OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE EXTRACT

The present investigation shows that comparing with the evaporation of vapor-liquid two-phase flow boiling system, heat transfer is enhanced by adding proper inert solid particles into the traditional Chinese medicine liquid whichis under evaporation. As a result, fouling prevention effects are evident in such three-phase flow boiling evaporator.     

Iron/iron oxide core-shell nanoclusters for biomedical applications

Biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles have been found promising in several biomedical applications for tagging, imaging, sensing and separation in recent years. Most magnetic particles or beads currently used in biomedical applications are based on ferromagnetic iron oxides with very low specific magnetic moments of about 20–30 emu/g. Here we report a new approach to synthesize monodispersed core-shell nanostructured clusters with high specific magnetic moments above 200 emu/g. Iron nanoclusters with monodispersive size of diameters from 2 nm to 100 nm are produced by our newly developed nanocluster source and go to a deposition chamber, where a chemical reaction starts, and the nanoclusters are coated with iron oxides. HRTEM Images show the coatings are very uniform and stable. The core-shell nanoclusters are superparamagnetic at room temperature for sizes less than 15 nm, and then become ferromagnetic when the cluster size increases. The specific magnetic moment of core-shell nanoclusters is size dependent, and increases rapidly from about 80 emu/g at the cluster size of around 3 nm to over 200 emu/g up to the size of 100 nm. The use of high magnetic moment nanoclusters for biomedical applications could dramatically enhance the contrast for MRI, reduce the concentration of magnetic particle needs for cell separation, or make drug delivery possible with much lower magnetic field gradients     

乌头的傅里叶变换红外光谱分析

乌头是一种重要的药用和有毒植物之一。本文利用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱法定性分析了不同乌头的组成。结果表明：乌头因泡制加工后其红外光谱有不同，造成这一现象原因可能是由于乌头加工泡制后，使得其成分和部分成分含量有所改变，导致其毒性低于生乌头的毒性。这将有助于对乌头的质量控制与毒性分析。该方法快速、准确、不破坏样品。     

氢化—AFS法测定青藏高原中草药中的微量砷,锑,硒和汞

本文研究了氢化物发生无色散原子荧光法测定青藏高原中草药中的微量砷，锑，硒和汞的方法，在选定的最佳工作条件下，１４种干扰元素的含量低于允许存在量，不影响测定，检出限（μｇ／ｍＬ）为：Ａｓ１．３，Ｓｂ０．３９，Ｓｅ０．２４，Ｈｇ０．４４，９次测定的相对标准偏差（％）的为Ａｓ２．４～４．２Ｓｂ２．５～５．６，Ｓｅ３．１～５．０，Ｈｇ３．８～５．９。４个元素的回收率为９４．７～１０５．４％本方法简便，快速     

中草药中微量锗和钼的同时测定

本文采用硅藻土 TBP反相萃取层析 分光光度法同时测定了中草药中的锗和钼的含量 ,获得了锗、钼含量较高的中草药。中草药样品经处理、消化后 ,用盐酸将试样中HCl浓度调至 6mol·L-1,加入以负载有磷酸三丁酯 (TBP)的烷基化硅藻土做固定相的层析柱。用 4mol·L-1盐酸以 0 5mL·min-1的流速洗脱锗 ,苯基荧光酮 CTMAB分光光度法测定锗 ,Ge PF CTMAB络合物的λmax=5 10nm ,摩尔吸收系数ε510 =1 6 7× 10 -5L·mol-1·cm-1。用 0 5mol·L-1盐酸以 0 5mL·min-1的流速洗脱钼 ,苯基荧光酮 CTMAB分光光度法测定钼 ,Mo PF CTMAB络合物的λmax=5 2 5nm ,摩尔吸光系数ε52 5=1 16× 10 -5L·mol-1·cm-1。该方法可对样品中的锗和钼同时测定 ,简便易行 ,具有较高的灵敏度 ,而且能有效地避免共存离子的干扰。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定中药黄姜中微量镉的研究

建立了以钯为基体改进剂石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定中药黄姜中微量镉的方法。考察了基体改进剂的用量、灰化/原子化温度和常见共存离子等因素对测定的影响。在优化实验条件下,方法的检出限为0.075 ng·mL-1,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.8％,回收率90％-110％。     

太赫兹电磁波低通滤波器与中药材指纹数据提取

太赫兹时域光谱技术可以为中药材鉴别和研究提供新方法. 视每种中药材标准样品为一个太赫兹电磁波低通滤波器, 用三参数二阶微分方程或频域系统函数H(f) 描述滤波器的特性. 利用中药材的透射太赫兹电磁波电场强度时域波形采样数据和频域幅频数据, 可以计算出中药滤波器的阻尼系数α 、固有频率β 、放大系数γ. 数据分析发现, 所用的5种中药材都有惟一确定的滤波器参数, 若用中药材的二阶阻尼振子的三个参数作为中药材的指纹数据, 可以有效地区分不同种类的中药材.     

论卤盐养生（9）

卤盐（包括食盐）是中国矿物药的重要组成部分。从文化价值、临床应用和情志调摄3个方面诠释了卤盐的养生学意义,并全面、详细地阐述了食盐对中国古代文化的四大贡献、6种盐类的现代临床应用价值以及盐湖旅游的6项要素;列举了160多个盐湖卤水的主要化学成分、矿化度或微量元素;摘录了论述卤盐主治功用的古今文献。本文分期刊出。