累托石-TiO2薄膜的制备及其降解染料废水

以累托石和钛酸丁酯为主要原料制备出累托石-TiO2薄膜，将其负载在玻璃表面上，研究了其在紫外光和太阳光下催化降解甲基橙的性能．实验结果表明：在相同的制备条件下，累托石-TiO：薄膜的光催化活性高于TiO2薄膜的光催化活性；制备累托石-TiO2薄膜时，薄膜的层数影响其催化活性；以累托石-TiO2薄膜为催化剂，在太阳光下降解甲基橙7h，甲基橙脱色率为52．9％．     

Effect of a long-term exposure of anatase TiO2 powder doped with surface-located Sb3+ ions to UV radiation on its photocatalytic activity

Ultraviolet photocatalytic experiments on the kinetics of decolorization of methyl orange and the ¹²¹Sb Mössbauer characterization of the title catalyst were performed. The stereochemically active electronic lone pair of Sb³⁺ was found to completely deactivate the neighboring oxygen vacancy as a recombination center towards the photogenerated electrons and holes.     

Key Factors Regarding Decolorization of Synthetic Anthraquinone and Azo Dyes

The factors affecting decolorization of anthraquinone dye represented by Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) and azo dye represented by Methyl Orange (MO) were studied in batch experiments under mesophilic (35 °C) and thermophilic (55 °C) anaerobic conditions. The results indicated differences in decolorization properties of the dyes with different chromophore structures. In abiotic conditions, MO could be decolorized by a physicochemical reaction when it was sterilized at 121 °C together with sludge cells or glucose. RB4 only showed absorption onto the cell mass. The presence of a redox mediator accelerated the decolorizing reaction when supplied together with glucose in the presence of sterilized sludge cells. In biotic conditions, the results indicated that the biological activity of microorganisms was an important factor in decolorization. The main factor involved in decolorization was the conversion of cosubstrate as electron donor, which reacted with dye as an electron acceptor in electron transfer. Redox mediators, anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid, and anthraquinone could accelerate decolorization even if a small amount (0.2 mM) was applied. On the other hand, a high concentration of redox mediator (1.0 mM) had an inhibitory effect on decolorization especially under thermophilic conditions. In addition, the decolorization of dye was accelerated by increasing treatment temperature, as shown in biotic treatments. Based on these results, increasing the treatment temperature could be used to improve the decolorizing process of textile dye wastewater treatment, especially for recalcitrant dyes such as anthraquinone.     

电气石对硅藻土基多孔陶瓷孔结构与孔雀石绿脱色效果的影响

以硅藻土为主要原料,采用固相烧结法和低温煅烧工艺,制备了硅藻土基多孔陶瓷.着重考察了电气石对材料的微观结构、孔径分布等材料孔结构及孔雀石绿溶液脱色能力的影响,通过扫描电镜、压汞仪等手段对不同电气石含量的硅藻土基多孔陶瓷进行了表征.结果表明:当电气石含量为12;时,材料内孔径细小,平均孔径最小177.5 nm,比表面积最大6.83 m2/g;电气石含量由0提高到16;,材料的孔隙率由49.3;降至36.5;,对孔雀石绿溶液的脱色能力逐渐增强.当电气石含量为16;时,反应6 h后,412 nm与618 nm处吸收峰消失.     

有序多级孔N/Nd/TiO_2的制备及其在可见光下催化降解甲基橙的性能

以聚苯乙烯为胶晶模板,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了有序多级孔N/Nd/TiO_2(1),其结构和形貌经SEM,XRD,XPS和N2吸附-脱附表征。研究了1在可见光下催化降解甲基橙的性能。结果表明:1为有序大孔/介孔多级结构,大孔孔道/介孔孔窗呈相互通透三维有序结构,大孔孔道内径约230 nm,介孔孔窗约30 nm,比表面积为125.50 m~2·g~(-1),比孔容为1.124 5 cm~3·g~(-1)。1催化甲基橙的脱色率为42.76%。     

LaFeO_3的光催化性

LaFeO3属钙钛矿(ABO3)型复合氧化物.其结构、磁性和导电性都已有许多报道[1～3],但对其光催化性报道很少.目前普遍采用的光催化剂TiO2具有光、化学稳定性好、无毒、催化活性高、氧化能力强等优点.由于TiO2禁带宽度(Eg)较宽(约为3.2eV),太阳能的利用率低[4].对钙钛矿(ABO3)型复合氧化物的光催化活性的研究发现,禁带宽度与A—O,B—O的电负性差值有关.如,A—O电负性差值较小的PbO(1.6eV)与B—O电负性差值较大的TiO2(2.0eV)合成的PbTiO3的Eg为2.7eV,正好处在1.77～3.09eV之间(可见光波长700～400nm对应光子的能量范围)吸收可见光…     

β-环糊精与甲基橙包合物的形成及其光催化脱色

β-环糊精与甲基橙包合物的形成及其光催化脱色     

污水处理时微弧放电催化过程中多能场的协同效应

 以Ti为阳极研究了微弧放电对污水的处理效果,发现放电条件下对甲基橙的脱色效果显著. 在H3PO4电解液(0.3 mol/L)中,峰值电压为550 V、 脉冲频率为300 Hz、 占空比为1/180、 阳极电极面积为25 mm×50 mm条件下, 60 min内甲基橙溶液(600 ml, 20 mg/L)的脱色率可达94%. XRD结果显示,放电中Ti阳极上形成的陶瓷层为锐钛矿型TiO2. 光谱结果表明,电极表面微弧的波长为300～350 nm. 这说明该放电体系中存在光催化、电催化和类似超声的冲击波催化的反应条件. 以Ti阳极陶瓷层为催化剂进行的对照实验表明,单独进行光催化、电催化和声催化反应对甲基橙溶液的脱色效果不明显. 通过机理分析认为, Ti阳极上的微弧放电是以等离子体催化为主要作用方式,并在放电环境中形成多能场的协同作用,实现对有机物降解.     

Characterization of a Recombinant Laccase B from Trametes hirsuta MX2 and Its Application for Decolorization of Dyes

Trametes hirsuta is able to secrete laccase isoenzymes including constitutive and inducible forms, and has potential application for bioremediation of environmental pollutants. Here, an inducible group B laccase from T. hirsuta MX2 was heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris, and its yield reached 2.59 U/mL after 5 days of methanol inducing culture. The optimal pH and temperature of recombinant laccase (rLac1) to 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) were 2.5 and 60 °C, respectively. Metal ions showed different effect on rLac1 which Mg²⁺, Cu²⁺, and K⁺ increased enzyme activity as their concentration increased, whereas Zn²⁺, Na⁺, and Fe²⁺ inhibited enzyme activity as their concentration increased. rLac1 showed good tolerance to organic solvents, and more than 42% of its initial activity remained in 10% organic solvents. Additionally, rLac1 exhibited a more efficient decolorization ability for remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) than for acid red 1 (AR1), crystal violet (CV), and neutral red (NR). Molecular docking results showed RBBR has a stronger binding affinity with laccase than other dyes by interacting with substrate binding cavity of enzyme. The results indicated rLac1 may be a potential candidate for dye removal from textile wastewater.     

偶氮染料刚果红在水中的光催化降解过程

 通过研究在间歇悬浮体系中直接偶氮染料刚果红在水中的光催化降解过程,确定了最佳降解条件. 同时测定了染料溶液的脱色率、COD去除率和矿化率以考察降解过程中脱色与矿化的关系. 另外,对降解过程中溶液pH值的变化及反应的可能中间体进行分析,结果表明: 刚果红染料分子的光催化降解过程分为脱色和矿化两个阶段. 矿化主要发生在脱色结束以后, 并且伴随着脱色溶液的酸化现象. 脱色过程进行较快,完全脱色后形成的中间产物需要较长时间才能被逐步矿化.