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31.
Oxygen is electroreduced to water on a carbon cathode coated with wired bilirubin oxidase in a pH 7.4 0.15 M NaCl phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C at much lesser polarization than it is on a pure platinum cathode in 0.5 M H2SO4. While the wired bilirubin oxidase cathode operates for over a week in the aerated or oxygenated buffer solution, it is degraded rapidly when in serum. We reported earlier that in the presence of O2 an intermediate product of the electrooxidation of urate, which is a normal serum component, irreversibly damages the wired bilirubin oxidase and also reported that the electrocatalyst is irreversibly damaged, in the absence of urate, when it is brought, by disconnecting the electrode, to the O2/H2O half cell potential at pH 7.4. Here we report that a) dissolved bilirubin oxidase is irreversibly and rapidly damaged by urate in the presence of O2; and b) that the immobilized wired bilirubin oxidase electrocatalyst is not only irreversibly deactivated by urate in the presence of O2 in a few hours, but is initially reversibly deactivated, in 1 min or less, by the urate in the presence of O2. 相似文献
32.
RongZhongYUAN ZuoLongYU MeiZhenQU 《中国化学快报》2003,14(7):755-758
A novel gel-like process has been developed for synthesizing LiaNi0.8Co0.2O2 powders,using citric acid as a chelating agent. This process improves the homogeneity of constituent cation and enhances their reactivity in the obtained precursor. The results of electrochemical test demonstrated that these materials exhibited excellent electrochemical properties. Its initial capacity reached 181.6 mAh/g and reversible efficiency at the first cycle is about 88.6%. 相似文献
33.
Guo-xiang Xu Lu Qi Bi-tao Yu Lei Wen Department of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China Department of Inorganic Nonmetal Materials School of Materials Science Engineering University of Science Technology Beijing Beijing China 《高分子科学》2006,(3):307-313
PVC disulfide (2SPVC) was synthesized by solution crosslink and its molecular structure was confirmed by infrared spectrum. 2SPVC's specific area is 36.1 m2·g-1 tested by stand BET method, and granularity experiment gives out the particle size of d0.5= 11.3μm. With SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) experiment the surface morphology and particle shape of 2SPVC were observed. Cyclic voltammetry (scan rate: 0.5 mV·s-1) shows that 2SPVC experience an obvious S-S redox reaction in charge-discharge process. When 2SPVC was used as cathode material for secondary lithium battery in a 1 mol·L-1 solution of lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (Li(CF3SO2)2N) in a 5:45:50 volume ratio mixture of o-xylene (oxy), diglyme (DG) and dimethoxymethane (DME) at 30℃, the first discharge capacity of 2SPVC is about 400.3 mAh·g-1 which is very close to its theoretical value (410.5 mAh·g-1) at a constant discharge current of 15 mA·g-1. It can retain at about 346.1 mAh·g-1 of discharge capacity after 30 charge-discharge cycles. So 2SPVC is a very promising cathode candidate for rechargeable lithium batteries. 相似文献
34.
采用高温固相法合成出层状锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2。通过XRD、ICP、SEM和电化学测试手段对产物的结构、组成、形貌及电化学性能进行了研究。XRD结果表明此方法合成的LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2具有标准的α-NaFeO2型层状结构,SEM照片显示颗粒粒径大约在500 nm左右,粒径分布较窄。以20 mA·g-1电流密度放电,充放电电压在2.8~4.4 V之间,其首次放电比容量为170 mAh·g-1,40次循环容量保持率为85.3%。进一步加入石墨导电剂后,同样条件下首次放电比容量变为179 mAh·g-1,50次循环容量保持率为89.6%。容量衰减主要发生在前10次循环。XRD和SEM测试表明循环初期容量衰减的原因是由材料本体结构变化和界面反应共同作用的结果。 相似文献
35.
A magnetically coupled microcavity hollow cathode discharge device was evaluated for its analytical potential as a boosted atomic emission source. A magnetic field using an electromagnet was applied perpendicular to the axis of the microcavity hollow cathode. The intensity of the atomic emission of copper, aluminum and the ionic emission of magnesium increased with increasing magnetic field until it reached a maximum. A further increase in the field strength did not lead to an enhancement of these emissions. The attainment of the maxima was attributed to the increase in the electron temperature and radial diffusion of the electrons from the center of the microcavity axis. Electron temperatures in the presence of the magnetic field calculated based on the semicorona model were shown to be proportional to the square of the reduced field strength. Further, these maxima were correlated to the energies of the upper levels of the transition studied. 相似文献
36.
碳包覆LiFePO4的一步固相法制备及高温电化学性能 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Carbon coated LiFePO4 cathode material was synthesized by one-step solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission-scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Electrochemical performances of the material as cathode in lithium-ion battery were investigated at medium and elevated temperature (30 and 55 ℃) by galvanostatic charge-discharge and A.C. impedance tests. The results show that carbon coated LiFePO4 powder exhibits a well-crystallized olivine structure and spherical morphology with an average particle size of about 500 nm. Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests show that the reversible discharge capacity at 1 C and 1.5 C rates was improved from 121 and 105 mAh·g-1 at 30 ℃ to 136 and 123 mAh·g-1 at 55℃, respectively, while the enhancement of high temperature on electrochemical performance is less obvious at a rate lower than 0.5 C. Impedance spectra analyses indicate that the cathode material has a remarkably higher lithium-ion diffusivity at 55 ℃ than that at 30 ℃, which improves the electrochemical performance at high temperature. 相似文献
37.
Runru Liu Dapeng Xu Shuang Li Zhe Lü Yanfeng Xue Deyong Wang Wenhui Su 《Frontiers of Chemistry in China》2006,1(4):398-401
In this paper, perovskite oxide SmCoO3 was prepared by the solid-state reaction method using Co2O3 and Sm2O3 as raw materials. The structure and properties of the samples were investigated by XRD, Raman spectral techniques, and DC
measurements and so on. The results of XRD and Raman spectra showed that the mixtures of Co2O3 and Sm2O3 can react to produce a single phase perovskite oxide SmCoO3 around 1353 K. The single-phase SmCoO3 changes from an insulator to a semi-conductor and transition occurs around 470 K. The thermal expansion coefficient (2.17
× 10−5 K−1) of the single-phase SmCoO3 is approximately equal to that of doped LaGaO3, but much bigger than that of SDC(Ce0.85Sm0.15O2) above 873 K. 相似文献
38.
本文提出在原子吸收光谱测定中,采用Smith-Hieftje法校正背景时,空心阴极灯供电条件(即最佳宽窄脉冲电流)的选择依据和选择方法;并给出24个常见元素的宽窄脉冲电流的选定结果。 相似文献
39.
R. D. Apostolova I. V. Kirsanova E. M. Shembel 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2006,42(2):173-182
Electrolytic (e) cobalt oxide of a spinel structure, e-Co3O4, is obtained from the sulfate and nitrate (aqueous, water-alcohol) solutions containing Co2+ with the aim of using it in thin-layer anodes of lithium-ion batteries. The physicochemical and structural properties of the synthesized compounds are examined using thermal and x-ray diffraction analyses, absorption IR spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The electrochemical characteristics of e-Co3O4 are determined in breadboards of lithium power sources and in the lithiumion system LiCoO2/e-Co3O4. 相似文献
40.