A New Cu, Al Fluoride Disilicate CuAl2F2(Si2O7) and its Relations to Topaz

CuAl₂F₂(Si₂O₇) has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and its crystal structure was determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction: space group Pnma, a = 8.8697(9), b = 14.084(2), c = 4.7553(5) Å, wR₂ = 0.056, R = 0.022. Cu²⁺ shows elongated square pyramidal coordination. Edge‐ and corner‐sharing [AlO₄F₂] octahedra with fluorine atoms in cis position form layers parallel to the ac plane. Along b these layers are linked by Si₂O₇ groups to form a three‐dimensional framework [Al₂F₂(Si₂O₇]^2–. In addition, the [CuO₅] pyramides connect two Al octahedra of neighbouring layers. The crystal structure is discussed as a derivative from topaz structure. The modular (or polysomatic) approach is used for this purpose, and for modelling hypothetical related compounds.     

纳氏试剂分光光度法测定铝灰渣浸出液中的氨氮含量

随着水土资源环境日益恶化,监测氨氮量对水土的污染程度也备受关注。为了准确测定铝灰渣浸出液中的氨氮量,实验对振荡方法、振荡时间、固液比、试液过滤方式、纳氏试剂加入量以及测定干扰因素进行了研究。确定了以翻转振荡为前处理方式,最佳振荡时间为14 h,固液比为1:10,最佳纳氏试剂加入量为1.0 mL,通过改善过滤方式,降低了空白值。由实验结果可知：在试验范围内,F^-对氨氮量的测定不产生干扰;对于浸出液中Cl^-、Al³⁺和Ca²⁺浓度高的样品,可通过移取稀释液2.00 mL,加入1.0 mL酒石酸钾钠溶液(500 g/L),即可消除其干扰。运用纳氏试剂分光光度法测定铝灰渣浸出液中的氨氮量,得到氨氮标准曲线线性相关系数为0.9998,方法检出限为0.39 mg.L^-1,RSD(n=6)<5%,回收率在94.7%～105%之间。本方法简单快速,精密度高,且具有较低的检出限,适用于大批量铝灰铝渣等固体废物浸出液中氨氮量的测定。     

Aluminiumorganyle mit pentakoordiniertem Aluminium-Atom: Synthese und Molekülstrukturen von [AlX2{2,6-(NEt2CH2)2C6H3}] (X = Cl,Et, H)

Aluminium Organyls with Pentacoordinate Aluminium: Syntheses and Molecular Structures of [AlX₂{2,6-(NEt₂CH₂)₂C₆H₃}] (X = Cl, Et, H) The reaction of [Li{2,6-(NEt₂CH₂)₂C₆H₃}]₂ with AlCl₃ or Et₂AlCl gives [AlX₂{2,6-(NEt₂CH₂)₂C₆H₃}] [X = Cl ( 1 ), Et ( 2 )] in good yield. 1 reacts with NaH in toluene to give [AlH₂{2,6-(NEt₂CH₂)₂C₆H₃}] ( 3 ). 1–3 were characterised spectroscopically (¹H, ¹³C, ²⁷Al n.m.r., i.r., mass spectroscopy). In solution at room temperature 1–3 exhibit dynamic behaviour. For 1 and 3 this can be frozen out below 278 K (¹H n.m.r.), indicating the presence of monomeric molecules with pentacoordinate Al at low temperature. Such species are also observed in the solid state as shown by an X-ray structure determination on 1 (monoclinic space group P2₁/n, a = 9.7325(14), b = 13.552(5), c = 28.858(7) Å, β = 99.57(2)°, V = 3753(2) ų, Z = 8, at 223(2) K) and 2 (monoclinic space group C2/c, a = 15.0045(12), b = 9.2986(8), c = 14.9955(12) Å, β =99.512(1)°, Z = 4, at 223(2) K).     

高温铝等离子体X光发射谱实验

 在神光-Ⅱ高功率激光装置上，以束匀滑的第九路钕玻璃二倍频激光均匀辐照薄层铝埋点靶，通过激光烧蚀作用产生较均匀的铝高温等离子体，用平面晶体谱仪在靶面前向和切向同时测量了X光发射谱信号，并将前向发射谱进行了定量化还原处理。利用辐射流体力学程序MULTI-1D首先对等离子体状态进行了模拟计算，然后采用基于碰撞辐射模型的光谱程序对该状态下的光谱开展了计算，并将实验测量光谱与理论计算光谱进行了比较和分析，符合得较好。     

后处理法合成高热稳定性的中孔Ti-P-Al材料

 以阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,采用水热合成法制备了中孔氧化钛原粉,再采用磷酸和氯化铝溶液依次对中孔氧化钛原粉进行后处理,得到了具有高热稳定性的中孔Ti-P-Al材料. 通过粉末X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和氮物理吸附等方法对样品进行了表征. 结果表明,反应凝胶组成对样品的中孔结构有较大的影响,当反应凝胶配比为Ti(SO4)2∶CTAB∶H2O=1∶0.54∶430, 温度为363 K, 处理时间为10～20 min时,所得的TiO2原粉具有较规整的中孔结构. 此样品经过0.25 mol/L的磷酸处理后有序性有较大程度的提高. 将磷酸处理过的样品进一步用氯化铝溶液处理,得到了中孔结构的Ti-P-Al材料,此材料经过873 K焙烧后仍具有典型的中孔特征,其比表面积为 382 m2/g, 孔径为3.13 nm.     

铝作阳极电解氢氧化钠溶液的实验研究

铝是活泼金属,作为阳极电解氢氧化钠溶液理论上应该是铝失去电子成为铝离子溶解于氢氧化钠溶液。通过实验研究,可以得出铝作阳极电解氢氧化钠溶液实质是电解水。电解产生的氧气可以在铝电极表面形成一层不致密的氧化铝,所生成的氧化铝不溶于氢氧化钠溶液。     

Optical and mechanical properties of AlF3 films produced by pulse magnetron sputtering of Al targets with CF4/O2 gas

In this study, AlF₃ thin films were deposited by pulse magnetron sputtering of Al targets with different ratios of CF₄/O₂ gas and at different sputtering powers. The optical and mechanical properties of the AlF₃ thin films were analyzed. The transmittance spectra showed no obvious negative inhomogeneous refractive indices. Denser films with a low optical absorption were obtained when high sputtering powers were used (larger than 30 W). The lowest extinction coefficient (7.3 × 10⁻⁴ at 193 nm) of the films can be reached with 12 sccm O₂ flow rate and at 160W sputtering power. All of the residual stresses were compressive and their trends were consistent with the refractive indices. The lowest compressive stress (0.068 GPa) was obtained when the AlF₃ films were prepared at 160W sputtering power.     

Fe(acac)3-Al(i-Bu)3-CCl4催化马来酸酐与降冰片烯共聚

 研究了Fe(acac)3-Al(i-Bu)3-CCl4(acac=乙酰丙酮)催化体系对马来酸酐(MA)与降冰片烯(NBE)交替聚合反应的催化性能. 用元素分析、核磁共振和红外光谱研究了共聚物的结构,在单体比为1∶1时,共聚物中MA和NBE的含量分别为52.2%和47.8%. 凝胶渗透色谱结果表明共聚物分子量分布窄. 动力学研究结果表明, MA与NBE共聚对单体浓度呈一级反应,其表观活化能为74.3 kJ/mol.     

高热稳定性高有序性中孔Zr-P-Al材料的合成

 以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,采用水热法合成了中孔氧化锆,依次用磷酸和水合氯化铝溶液对其进行后处理,得到了具有高热稳定性、高有序性的中孔Zr-P-Al材料. 样品的XRD,TEM 和氮气物理吸附测试结果表明,反应凝胶中的水量和陈化条件对样品结构有很大影响. 当反应凝胶配比为Zr(SO4)2:CTAB:H2O＝1:0.27:240时,所得样品具有较规整的六方结构. 此样品经磷酸处理后,有序程度进一步提高. 将磷酸处理过的样品再用水合氯化铝溶液处理,得到的材料具有典型的中孔特征和很高的热稳定性. 最终产物经过700 ℃焙烧后具有416 m2/g 的比表面积,孔容积较大,孔径分布均匀,800 ℃焙烧后其比表面积仍可达到227 m2/g. 样品的高稳定性来源于锆、磷和铝之间的相互作用.     

铝对稀土元素基体效应的研究

研究了ICP光源中铝对稀土元素的影响。测定了0-1000mg/L铝(以氯化铝形式)对试液密度、粘度和提升量的影响。研究了铝对等离子体激发温度,Hα线半宽度及对MgⅡ／MgⅠ强度比的影响。结果表明,在所研究的Al浓度范围内,只要正确选择适宜的操作参数,铝的影响并不明显。稀土元素谱线强度的测定显示,在低观测高度处,Al对稀土元素(Eu、La、Nd、Y、Yb)有显著的抑制作用,随着观测高度的增加,Al的抑制效应逐渐消失。由此推断Al对稀土元素的抑制效应为蒸发原子化干扰,这可能是由于ICP光源中稀土元素与氧化铝形成难熔和难挥发的稀土铝酸盐类化合物有关。