Measurement of out-of-plane static and dynamic deformations by processing digital speckle pattern interferometry fringes using wavelet transform

In this paper, we are presenting measurement of static and dynamic deformations in rectangular plate fixed at one end using digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI). To improve the measurement accuracy, we have developed a new filtering scheme based on combination of average/median filtering and Symlet wavelet filtering which enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the speckle interferogram obtained from DSPI. Experimental results show that our filtering scheme is quite effective in improving SNR of the speckle interferogram. The measurements by DSPI and calculations from beam theory in the case of out-of-plane static deformation and the measurements by DSPI and accelerometer in the case of dynamic deformation are in good agreement.     

线型优化最大熵光谱估计方法中自回归模型两种求解方法的比较

在光谱分辨率增强技术中,线型优化最大熵谱估计方法LOMEE(line shape optimized maximum entropy spectral estimation)是指通过傅里叶自退卷积技术消除光谱谱线线型对干涉图的影响,而后对干涉图进行自回归参数建模,求出自回归模型系数,代入光谱估计公式得到光谱图。文章采用了两种方法：修正协方差法MCOV(modified covariance method))和伯格法(Burg method)求解线型优化最大熵谱估计方法中的自回归模型系数,通过仿真试验,将阶次、信噪比对估计光谱的影响做了详尽的比较。研究结果表明,在线型优化最大熵谱估计方法中,用修正协方差法求解自回归模型系数要优于伯格法。     

Quantitative statistical analysis, optimization and noise reduction of atomic resolved electron energy loss spectrum images

In this work we investigate methods of statistical processing and background fitting of atomic resolution electron energy loss spectrum image (SI) data. Application of principal component analysis to SI data has been analyzed in terms of the spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and was found to improve both the spectral SNR and its standard deviation over the SI, though only the latter was found to improve significantly and consistently across all data sets analyzed. The influence of the number of principal components used in the reconstructed data set on the SNR and resultant elemental maps has been analyzed and the experimental results are compared to theoretical calculations.     

太赫兹时域频谱信噪比分析与规范性研究

基于飞秒激光的太赫兹脉冲时域光谱技术,已经成为诸多科学领域研究中有效的新手段。文章分析了太赫兹时域系统频谱采集方式的特点,提出标准信噪比的概念,使不同的太赫兹时域频谱仪可以在同一标准下进行量化评价。在研究了信噪比特点的基础上,给出了太赫兹时域频谱信噪比的简单获取方法。并采用这种方法对几个著名太赫兹研究小组的时域频谱系统的信噪比进行了比对。该方法让使用者只须获取单次测量数据就能换算出系统的标准信噪比,给用户评价太赫兹时域频谱系统带来了极大便利。     

Error rate analysis of AF-relay wireless networks under different SNR levels

This paper presents a new method for analyzing the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of two-hop Amplify-and-Forward Multiple Relay (AF-MR) networks. This paper considers, a flat-fading channel and a relay selection scheme to select a relay with the highest Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). The method aims to unify the BER calculation under low, high and optimal SNR levels. Asymptotic BER (ABER) performance at high SNR value is calculated first, and standard expressions for exact BER (EBER) performance at low and optimal SNRs are then derived. The analytic method depends on the conventional BER (CBER) approach of one-hop communication systems. The optimal SNR is obtained by balancing energy efficiency and spectral efficiency. The proposed method is found to be effective for calculating the BER of AF-MR network performance under any SNR conditions. Moreover, it improves the accuracy of ABER performance by reducing disparity computation errors between ABER and EBER performances and this allows the BER of AF-MR networks to be accurately calculated using either ABER or EBER. The outcome expressions for the method are validated by simulation results.     

Comparison of stochastic resonance in static and dynamical nonlinearities

We compare the stochastic resonance (SR) effects in parallel arrays of static and dynamical nonlinearities via the measure of output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For a received noisy periodic signal, parallel arrays of both static and dynamical nonlinearities can enhance the output SNR by optimizing the internal noise level. The static nonlinearity is easily implementable, while the dynamical nonlinearity has more parameters to be tuned, at the risk of not exploiting the beneficial role of internal noise components. It is of interest to note that, for an input signal buried in the external Laplacian noise, we show that the dynamical nonlinearity is superior to the static nonlinearity in obtaining a better output SNR. This characteristic is assumed to be closely associated with the kurtosis of noise distribution.     

模压全息图母版的拍摄研究

目前拍摄模压全息母版用的记录材料都是光刻胶.本文从它本身的特点(灵敏度低,浮雕型相位光栅和拍摄对象是散射物体等)出发,指出要拍摄出质量好的光刻胶母版应当注意到的问题.诸如拍摄参数的选择应同时考虑到衍射效率和信噪比、照明的均匀性问题、逆共轭光再现、消偏振、相干长度、外界振动对拍摄的影响问题.通过分析表明高质量的全息图不可能靠延长曝光时间来获得,使用相干性好的大功率激光束来拍摄,是非常有必要的.     

高功率超短激光脉冲信噪比的研究

 针对高功率激光系统中信噪比低的问题，基于描述超短脉冲传输的非线性薛定谔方程进行数值模拟，研究了高阶群速度色散、光谱调制及自相位调制对脉冲信噪比的影响；新建立了用于分析光栅平整度对脉冲信噪比的影响的物理模型并进行了相应的模拟，分析了光栅的质量要求或补偿精度。研究表明：对于100 fs的高斯脉冲，要保证信噪比达到10⁸，应将三阶色散量限制在4.8×10⁵ fs³以下，B积分的值应小于0.2，光谱的调制幅度应小于10^-4，光栅平整度应优于λ/100。     

Effect of microcosmic optical parameters of dopants on the signal-to-noise ratio in doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals

We propose a united theory that describes the two-center recording system by taking scattering noise into account. The temporal evolution of the signal-to-noise ratio in doubly doped photorefractive crystals is described based on jointly solving material equations and coupled-wave equations with the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. Roles of microcosmic optical parameters of dopants on the signal-to-noise ratio are discussed in detail. The theoretical results can confirm and predict experimental results.     

Application of digital speckle pattern interferometry and wavelet transform in measurement of transverse vibrations in square plate

In this paper the study of out-of-plane or transverse vibrations in a square plate using digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) is presented. To improve the measurement accuracy, we have implemented a new filtering scheme based on combination of average/median filtering and Symlet wavelet filtering which enhances the signal to noise ratio in the speckle interferogram obtained from DSPI. A large number of fringe patterns are shown for square plate with two different boundary conditions. Experimentally obtained resonance frequencies for the square plate for the boundary condition one edge fixed and other edges being free, the resonance frequencies obtained from DSPI show good agreement with that obtained from classical theory for thin plates.