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61.
聚酰亚胺/SiO2杂化膜的制备、表征和气体渗透性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用溶胶凝胶法,在以TiO2为过渡层的硅藻土-莫来石陶瓷膜管基底上,制备了组分不同的聚酰亚胺/SiO2杂化膜。聚酰亚胺是利用4,4′-六氟亚异丙基邻苯二甲酸酐、2,4,6-三甲基-1,3-苯二胺和3,5-二氨基苯甲酸在溶液中进行亚胺化完成的。采用FT-IR、TG/DTA、DSC、SEM、BET和气体渗透测定对膜进行了表征和测试。结果表明,聚酰亚胺通过支链上的羧酸基和SiO2相键连织构成了具有规则孔道的空间网状结构,并且随着SiO2含量的增加孔径逐渐减小;杂化膜具有较高的热稳定性和有机无机兼容性;相对于聚酰亚胺膜,杂化膜对H2、CO2和H2O与N2相比较具有较高的分离性,SiO2含量为25(wt)%的杂化膜对H2/N2、CO2/N2和H2O/N2的分离因子分别达到55.9、31.1和42.8。 相似文献
62.
研究了致幻性安非它明类药物MDMA和MDA的三氟乙酰、二氯乙酰、一氯二氟乙酰、五氟丙酰、七氟丁酰、五氟苯甲酰和二硝基苯甲酰衍生化的反应条件,发现所研究的各种衍生化反应均可用少量酸酐或酰氯在环已烷中室温下几分钟内完成.在此基础上建立了尿中MDMA和MDA的用微量环已烷提取的、各种衍生化的、电子俘获检测的气相色谱分析方法.方法操作简便快速,多数方法的检出限低于10μg/L,检测MDMA最灵敏的方法是七氟丁酰衍生化方法,检出限为4.1μg/L,检测MDA最灵敏的方法是五氟苯甲酰衍生化方法,检出限为2.5μg/L.对其中几种灵敏度较高的方法进行了线性关系和回收率的考查. 相似文献
63.
Badol C Borbon A Locoge N Léonardis T Galloo JC 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,378(7):1815-1827
An automated system for the monitoring of volatile organic compound (VOC) ozone precursors in ambient air is described. The measuring technique consists of subambient preconcentration on a cooled trap followed by thermal desorption and GC/FID analysis. First, the technical development, which permits detection limits below 0.05 ppbv to be reached, proceeded in two steps: (1) the determination of optimum sampling parameters (trap composition and conditioning, outlet split, desorption temperature); (2) the development of a reliable calibration method based on a highly accurate standard. Then, a 4-year field application of the hourly measuring chain was carried out at two urban sites. On the one hand, quality control procedures provided the best VOC identification (peak assignment) and quantification (reproducibility, blank system control). On the other hand, the success and performances of the routine experience (88% of the measurements covered more than 40 target compounds) indicated the high quality and suitability of the instrumentation which is actually applied in several French air quality monitoring networks. Finally, an example of data analysis is presented. Data handling identified important organic compound sources other than vehicle exhaust. 相似文献
64.
65.
Nicolas Le Calvez 《中国化学会会志》2002,49(4):585-592
The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method to determine the organochlorine concentrations in sediments. Combination of Microwave assisted Solvent Extraction (MASE) and capillary gas chromatography with specific detection (electron capture detector) was a viable approach for the determination of pesticides in solid matrixes. In this study, MASE development was focused on the selection of a suitable extraction solvent for all the target analytes. MASE procedure was validated by comparison with conventional methods such as Soxhlet and sonication extraction. The proposed method was then applied to determine the organochlorine insecticides concentrations in samples from Authie Bay (France). Environmental water samples were analysed and five target analytes were detected in concentrations from 0.03 to 0.56 ng/g of dry sediment. These investigations showed the accumulation and the persistency of these products in sediments in spite of the fact they were banned a few decades ago. 相似文献
66.
Summary To match the need of high efficiency capillary column (plate number N2, Plate height H2 and carrier gas linear velocity U2), a new high efficiency packed column (N1, H1 and U1) at high carrier gas velocity with small capacity factor has been developed in the light of theoretical discussion of factors
effecting the column efficiency utilization ratio. 相似文献
67.
68.
The performance of single-drop microextraction (SDME), coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, was assessed for the determination of tributyltin compounds in water and solid samples. Experimental parameters impacting the performance of SDME, such as microextraction solvent and sampling and stirring time, were investigated. Analytical results obtained by SDME were compared with those generated by conventional solid phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) for the determination of TBT in PACS-2 sediment certified reference material (CRM). 相似文献
69.
70.
Viorica Lopez-Avila Richard Young Werner F. Beckert 《Journal of separation science》1997,20(9):487-492
This paper describes the extraction of 49 organophosphorus pesti-cides (OPPs) from water samples using solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Three fibers, including a 15-μm XAD-coated fiber, a 85-μm polyacrylate-coated fiber, and a 30-μm polydimethylsilox-ane-coated fiber (PDMS), were evaluated here. The effects of stirring and the addition of NaCl to the sample were examined for the polyacrylate-coated fiber. The precision of the technique was examined for all three fibers and the extraction kinetics were investigated using the XAD- and polyacrylate-coated fibers. With some exceptions, the XAD- and polyacrylate-coated fibers performed better than the PDMS-coated fiber. The superiority of the XAD-nd polyacrylate-coated fiber. The superiority of the XAD- and polyacrylate-coated fibers over the PDMS-coated fibers can be attribuibuted to the aromatic functionalities of the XAD and the polar functionalities in the polyacrylate. The relatively high percent RSDs indicate that the SPME technique needs to be further refined before it can be used for anything other than screening. A more effective form of agitation than mechanical stirring may be neccessary to reduce variability and achieve a faster equilibrium between the sample and the SPME fiber. 相似文献