Micromegas prototypes with thermo-bond film separators

In this paper we report the results of Micromegas prototypes constructed by attaching micromesh to an anode using thermo-bond films. The excellent metal attaching ability and good dielectical property of this kind of film make it a promising material to be used as avalanche gap spacers. Several prototypes are successfully made. The electron transmission properties are first studied and then the gas gain is measured in argon-isobutane mixtures. The maximum gain of more than 10⁴ is easily obtained. The energy resolutions for ⁵⁵Fe 5.9 keV K_α ray can be better than 20% over one magnitude in gain for different operational gas mixtures and the best energy resolution of 13.7% (FWHM) can be achieved with the gas mixture of 94% argon concentration. The preliminary test results of the prototypes with sensitive area of 45 mm×45 mm without internal support show good uniformity across the sensitive area.     

冠醚石墨烷对氦气分离性能的理论研究

氦气(He)在众多科学和工业领域中都具有非常广泛的应用, He资源的短缺和需求的不断增长使得He分离具有极其重要的意义.石墨烷合成简单、晶体结构稳定,是一种用于构建气体分离膜的潜在理想二维材料.本文通过第一性原理计算,对四种具有不同尺寸冠醚孔的石墨烷膜(crown ether graphane-n, CG-n,n=3, 4, 5, 6)的He分离性能进行了研究.计算结果表明,四种冠醚石墨烷结构都具有较高的热力学、化学稳定性,并且CG-5和CG-6具有合适的孔径,可用于He的有效筛分.在11种气体分子(He, Ne, Ar, H₂, CO,NO, NO₂, N2, CO₂, SO₂和CH₄)中, He最容易通过CG-n膜,其能垒分别为4.55, 1.05, 0.53和0.01 eV.据我们所知, He通过CG-6的能垒是迄今为止报道的最低值,将可显著地提升He的分离效率.基于阿伦尼乌斯方程的选择性计算结果表明, CG-5在较宽的温度范围内(0—600 K)都表现出优异的He选择性...     

NEWS

膜分离技术在污水处理、中水回用、水质净化、海水淡化、血液透析和生物制药等领域得到了广泛应用。然而,膜在运行过程中出现的膜污染问题严重限制了该技术的发展。膜污染不仅会引起膜通量和分离性能下降,影响膜的长期稳定运行,而且污染后膜的清洗和更换也大大提高了运行成本。为了深入     

以P507为载体的支撑液膜体系中Ni^2＋离子的迁移

本工作研究了以Ｐ５０７为载体的支撑液膜体系中，搅拌速率、温度、原料相中Ｎｉ＾２＋离子起始浓度、载体浓度以及反萃相酸度等因素对Ｎｉ＾２＋离子迁移的影响。实验表明，搅拌速率达到５００ｒｐｍ以上对Ｎｉ＾２＋离子迁移通量影响不大；迁移通量随着原料相中Ｎｉ＾２＋离子起始浓度增加到４．５ｍｍｏｌ／ｌ以上时基本上不再增加，这说明此时膜内络合物浓度已接近炮和；从Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ关系得到的迁移活化能为３６．６ｋＪ     

在多孔γ-Al2O3氧化铝载体上微波合成NaA分子筛膜及气体渗透分离性能

The paper presented novel synthesis of NaA zeolite membrane with good performance using microwave heating. The method involved two steps, prior seeding 120 nm of LTA crystals on substrate and then employing a secondary hydrothermal synthesis. Effects of seeding times, synthesis time and synthesis times were investigated in this work. The quality evaluation of membranes respectively used single component gases (HE and N2) and H2/N2 (equivalent volume) mixture. The ideal H2,/N2 selectivity increased from 1.90 of the substrate to 6.37 of the three-stage synthesized membrane, which was distinctly higher than the corresponding Knudsen diffusion selectivity of 3.74. However, the real H2/N2 selectivity of the three-stage synthesis was much lower than the corresponding ideal selectivity and close to the corresponding Knudsen diffusion selectivity of 3.74.     

Three-dimensionally ordered macro-porous Pt/TiO2 catalyst used for water-gas shift reaction

Three-dimensionally ordered macro-porous (3DOM) Pt/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by template and impregna-tion methods, and the resultant samples were characterized by using TG-DTA, XRD, SEM, TEM, and TPR techniques. The catalytic performance for water-gas shift (WGS) reaction was tested, and the influences of some conditions, such as reduction temperature of catalysts, the amount of Pt loadings and space velocity on catalytic performance were investigated. It was shown that Pt particles were homogeneously dispersed on 3DOM TiO2. The reduction of TiO2 surface was important for the catalyticperformance. The activity test results showed that the 3DOM Pt/TiO2 catalysts exhibited very good catalytic performance for WGS reaction even at high space velocity, which was owing to the better mass transfer of 3DOM porous structure besides the high intrinsic activity of Pt/TiO2.     

膜分离现状及发展趋向

本文简要综述了近年来国内外反渗透、超过滤、微孔过滤、扩散渗析、电渗析、气体分离、液膜、渗透蒸发、蒸发渗透等一些主要膜分离过程,特别是有关新膜研制方面的开发现状及其发展趋向。     

纯气体在均质高分子膜中吸着机理——改进的双重式吸着模型

基于双重式吸着概念,将气体在玻璃态高分子膜中的吸着过程理解为溶解和多分子层吸附两个同时发生的过程,将溶解过程理想化,并结合多分子层吸附的ＢＥＴ方程,导出了纯气体在均质高分子膜中的吸着时改进的双重式吸着模型,用文献中报导的ＰＡＮ－Ｈ２Ｏ的实验数据对模型进行了分析和验证,结果表明该模型不仅可用来解释纯气体在玻璃态高分子膜吸着时的各种现象,对纯气体在橡胶态膜中偏离亨利定律的溶解过程也能给予较好的描述。     

膜分离与分离膜

本文扼要阐述了膜分离技术的基本原理、特点、内容及其近５０年来的进展和在工业上的广泛应用,系统地叙述了目前应用最广泛的有机高分子膜的。文章分析了今后膜分离的发展动向并简要介绍了我国的有关情况。