水溶性六元瓜环衍生物与1,ω-亚烷基吡啶主客体配合物的~1H NMR及晶体结构

利用1HNMR技术以及单晶X衍射技术考察对称四甲基取代六元瓜环(TMeQ[6])与几种1,ω-亚烷基吡啶阳离子(ω=2,4,6,8,10)客体的相互作用.在这些包结配合物中,TMeQ[6]的端口效应以及空腔效应同时存在,其主客体作用模式随着客体亚烷基碳链长短不一而各不相同.对于客体1,2-二乙基吡啶(Edpy),TMeQ[6]包结Edpy的带正电荷的吡啶环部分,形成一不对称的包结配合物;对于客体1,4-二丁基吡啶(Bdpy),TMeQ[6]选择性包结Bdpy的吡啶环部分或烷基部分存在竞争作用和快速交换;而具有较长碳链的客体1,6-二己基吡啶(Hdpy)和1,8-二丁庚基吡啶(Odpy)与TMeQ[6]通过空腔的疏水作用以及外部的离子-偶极作用形成稳定的类轮烷包结配合物;客体1,10-二癸基吡啶(Ddpy)的两个吡啶环分别被两个TMeQ[6]包结形成哑铃型的包结配合物.     

光谱法测试瓜环与2-氨基苯丙噻唑的主客体作用

利用1H NMR技术,紫外吸收光谱法和荧光光谱法考察了七、八元瓜环(cucurbit[n]urilsn=7,8)与2-氨基苯并噻唑(g)的相互作用。实验结果表明:在2pH9范围内,利用不同的光谱方法均能观察到瓜环与客体的相互作用;Q[7]与客体作用形成物质的量比为1∶1的包结配合物,Q[8]与客体形成物质的量比为1∶2的包结配合物,并计算出包结常数,同时测试了超分子体系的热力学稳定性及熵变,焓变。     

偶氮苯修饰DNA的组装行为及主客体作用介导的形貌调控

智能型DNA纳米材料,由于其具有灵敏的外界刺激响应性,是纳米技术和生物医学应用中一类重要的功能纳米材料。本文研究的具有光响应性质的偶氮苯共价修饰DNA的两亲分子在水相中可组装成直径为28.8nm的球形胶束,光刺激或者β-环糊精与偶氮苯的主客体识别的调控均可实现组装解离,进一步通过荧光包裹实验和金纳米颗粒负载实验验证了球形胶束的组装机制,为其在药物负载、靶向识别等生物医学领域提供了潜在应用。     

学生园地关于多维穴醚类似结构的构想

冠醚和穴醚是一类具有特定结构特征的化合物,自从发现以来逐渐被应用于化学、材料、生物医学等多个领域.通过对冠醚和穴醚特殊的拓扑结构的分析,构想出一系列类似穴醚结构的化合物,并设计出可能的合成思路.这类化合物可能会具有一些特殊的理论意义和应用性能.     

基于主客体识别作用构建非固定的DNA电化学生物传感器研究

应用主客体分子识别技术构建一种无需固定DNA探针的电化学检测DNA的新方法。分别采用间甲基苯甲酸标记和金纳米颗粒标记的两段DNA探针,使用β-环糊精修饰电极对杂交结构进行识别和电化学检测。采用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)实现对特定序列DNA的定量检测。在优化的条件下,该体系表现出良好的灵敏度和选择性,对特定序列DNA的检测限为1.8×10-13mol/L。     

Janus超支化超分子聚合物的构筑及电化学响应性自组装行为研究

本工作报道了第一例具有电化学氧化还原刺激响应性的Janus超支化超分子聚合物,研究了其自组装及响应性解组装的行为.通过阴离子开环聚合和阳离子开环聚合的方法,分别合成了以β-环糊精为中心的亲水超支化聚缩水甘油醚CD-g-HPG和末端为二茂铁的疏水超支化聚（3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷）Fc-g-HBPO.两者通过Fc/CD之间的主客体包结络合作用,构筑了两亲性Janus超支化超分子聚合物HBPO-b-HPG.该聚合物在水中可以自组装形成囊泡.通过动态光散射（DLS）跟踪、2D-NOESY和循环伏安曲线表征了CD-g-HPG和Fc-g-HBPO之间的主客体包结络合作用,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）表征了囊泡结构.最后,研究了囊泡在电化学刺激下的解组装行为,同时也验证了囊泡在加热、加入主客体竞争分子和化学氧化下的稳定性.     

环糊精与表面活性剂主客体作用诱导的金纳米棒可控自组装

The self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals has emerged as a powerful strategy for the bottom-up fabrication of functional materials and nanodevices. Recently, the self-assembly of gold nanorods (GNRs) has attracted significant attention because of their unique plasmonic properties, but the realization of their adjustable self-assembly of GNRs through facile and effective approaches remains challenging. In this work, the controllable self-assembly of GNRs in aqueous solution was realized through the host-guest interactions of cyclodextrins (CDs) and the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) molecules adsorbed on the surface of the GNRs. The self-assembly of GNRs was readily achieved by the addition of aqueous α-CD solutions with varied concentrations into aqueous dispersions of CTAB-stabilized GNRs. At a relatively low α-CD concentration, slow aggregation of the GNRs occurred, resulting in their side-by-side assembly. This was revealed by the blue shift of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) band in the absorption spectra and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. On the other hand, when a higher concentration of α-CD was added, fast aggregation of the GNRs occurred, resulting in their end-to-end assembly. This was revealed by the red shift in the LSPR band together with the TEM observations. If β-CD was employed instead of α-CD, the self-assembly of GNRs could also be induced, although a relatively higher concentration of β-CD was required to achieve the extent of aggregation similar to that induced by α-CD, indicating that the supramolecular host–guest interaction between CDs and the surfactant CTAB was crucial to the directed self-assembly of GNRs. Furthermore, the α-CD-induced assembly was inhibited on addition of excess CTAB, confirming that the supramolecular interaction of α-CD and CTAB played a key role in directing the self-assembly of the GNRs. Based on these experimental results, a possible mechanism for the α-CD-induced self-assembly of GNRs was proposed as follows: at a lower α-CD concentration, the gradual formation of the host-guest inclusion complex α-CD/CTAB led to the partial replacement of the highly charged CTAB bilayers adsorbed on the GNRs by the less charged complex, which resulted in a slow side-by-side assembly of the GNRs; at a higher α-CD concentration, the CTAB bilayers were quickly replaced by the α-CD/CTAB complex, and the CTAB molecules adsorbed at both ends of the GNRs were almost completely replaced, resulting in a fast end-to-end assembly of the GNRs. Additionally, on the basis of the hydrolysis of α-cyclodextrin catalyzed by α-amylase, the self-assembly of GNRs directed by the host-guest interaction could be used to realize the feasible detection of α-amylase in solutions. This self-assembly strategy mediated by the host-guest interaction may be extendable to other colloidal systems involving surfactants adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles, and may open new avenues for the controllable self-assembly of non-spherical nanoparticles.     

磺化杯芳烃与二苯胺重氮盐的包结物

磺化杯芳烃与二苯胺重氮盐形成摩尔比为1：1的包结物，在磺化杯芳烃存在时，二苯胺重氮盐的吸光强度下降，吸收峰红移，核磁共振氢谱的化学位移向高场移位。杯芳烃的环越大，与重氮盐的结合常数越大。在磺化杯芳烃的存在下，重氮盐的热稳定性提高，同时仍保持较高的光敏性。     

2，6—双二苯基膦吡啶银（I）配合物的光谱研究

利用电子吸收光谱和发射光谱，研究具有光致发光性能的三配位Ag(I)配合物[Ag2(μ-PNP）3](ClO4)2(PNP=2,6-双二苯基膦吡啶）的光谱性质，电子吸收光谱中约260和300nm处的肩峰吸收分别被指定为l→aπ（l代表膦的孤对电子，aπ是苯环的反键轨道）和l→π^*（π^*表示吡啶的π反键轨道）跃迁。室温下受紫外可见光激发，配合物的乙腈溶液显示了发光性质，其发射峰位于525nm，这是由配体激发态引起的。利用吸收和发射光谱，研究了配合物光物理性质在不同客体分子如AuPPh3Cl,AgCF3SO3和[Cu(CH3CN)4](ClO4)存在下光物理性质的改变情况。在配合物中，配体PNP和Ag(I)形成一个空穴，可以结合外来的离子，从而引起光物理性质的改变，这种改变，使[Ag2(μ-PNP)3](ClO4)2可以作为作为客体离子的检测探针或传感器。     

(NaZSM-5)-AgI主体-客体纳米复合材料的研究

用热扩散法成功地把AgI组装于NaZSM5的孔道中,对制备的样品(NaZSM5)AgI进行了化学分析、粉末XRD分析、化学吸附、红外光谱表征,研究了所制备的样品固体扩散漫反射吸收光谱及发光性质.化学分析表明,AgI已进入NaZSM5主体中.粉末XRD分析显示了组装AgI后NaZSM5沸石骨架依然存在,红外光谱表明了(NaZSM5)AgI样品骨架振动与NaZSM5的骨架振动有细微差别,这主要是由组装了AgI引起的.吸附研究说明了AgI已进入NaZSM5的孔道.固体扩散漫反射吸收光谱表明,主体NaZSM5对制备的主体客体样品光吸收几乎没有影响,(NaZSM5)AgI的吸收光谱受AgI尺寸大小的影响.发光研究表明,制备的样品能带隙很高,辐射过程很强,(NaZSM5)AgI样品系具有发光功能的复合材料.