水淬渣-累托石颗粒吸附材料的制备及应用

研究了水淬渣-累托石颗粒吸附材料制备工艺条件、再生方法及其去除铜冶炼工业废水中重金属的条件.试验结果表明,累托石与水淬渣的比例为1∶1,另加入10%的添加剂(IS)和50%的水,焙烧温度为400℃时,制成的颗粒吸附材料体积密度为1.06kg/m3,显气孔率为62.29%,吸水率为58.82%,抗压强度为2.22Mpa,吸附效果好,散失率较低.在未调节铜冶炼工业废水pH值的条件下,颗粒吸附材料用量为0.05g/cm3,反应时间为40min,吸附温度为25℃(常温)时,Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 、Cd2 、Ni2 的去除率分别为98.2%、96.3%、78.6%、86.2%、64.2%,处理后的水符合国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准.颗粒吸附材料对Zn2 、Cu2 有很好的选择性.吸附饱和的颗粒吸附材料用1mol/L氯化钠溶液再生效果好.该颗粒吸附材料具有分离容易、可重复使用、处理效果好、应用前景广阔的优点.     

微量元素与防病治病

介绍了微量元素在防治疾病中的作用及对健康长寿的意义，涉及人体必需微量元素，有害元素，有机锗，微量元素是健康长寿的重要手段以及微量元素与现代文明病。     

Al掺杂对尖晶石型Li[Mn(Al)]2O4结构的影响

采用共沉淀法按不同Al掺杂比例x[x=n(Al)∶n(Mn+Al)=0, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100, 0.150, 0.200]制得了Al(OH)3和Mn3O4混合物, 将其与LiNO3按一定比例混合, 在空气中于700 ℃烧结得Li[Mn(Al)]2O4样品. X射线衍射和Raman光谱结果表明, 在0≤x≤0.20范围内均得到了单相的尖晶石型样品, 随着x的增加, 晶胞参数减小, 晶格振动能量增加, Mn(Al)-O的结合增强, 结构稳定性增强.     

Two New C—21 Steroidal Glycosides from Cynanchum aurichulatum

Two new C-21 steroidal glycosides, cynanauriculoside I and cynanauriculoside Ⅱ, were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum aurichulatum. Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods including one and two-dimensional NMR.     

飞秒强激光场下亚硝酰氯分子的电离和解离

Ionization and dissociation of nitrosyl chloride ClNO were studied using femtosecond laser mass spectra tech-nique.Strong fragmental ions NO~ and Cl~ were observed with the laser intensity varied from 3.2×10~(14) to 2.5×10~(15) W/cm~2.These fragmental ions were attributed to the direct dissociation of the parent ions.Electronic structurecalculations were also carried out with Hartree-Fock,density functional and correlated levels of theory to under-stand the possible fragmentation pathways.The very low N-Cl bond energy in the parent ion of nitrosyl chloride isa clear reason for the absence of ClNO~ and ClN~ ion peaks from the femtosecond laser mass spectrum.     

Small Peptides Catalyzed Direct Aldol Reactions of Aldehydes with Hydroxyacetone with Regiocontrol in Aqueous Media

Very recently, we[1] found that L-proline amides and dipeptides acted as efficient catalysts for the asymmetric direct aldol reaction. We report here that L-proline-based peptides 1～5 can catalyze the aldol reactions of hydroxyacetone with aldehydes 6 in aqueous media, to give 1,4-diols (7), the disfavored products with either aldolase or L-proline. Both peptides 3 and 4 give good results.     

一维〔M（tmp）〕_2ReO_4（M＝Ni、Cu、Pd）聚合物的能带结构

用紧束缚ＥＨＴ晶体轨道方法对一维〔Ｍ（ｔｍｐ）〕_２ＲｅＯ_４（Ｍ＝Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｄ）聚合物进行了能带计算，利用键向量近似方法对能带的结构及组成进行了讨论。结果表明，该类型聚合物具有不同的导电机理，并进一步研究了环平面间的成键性质及转角改变对聚合物导电性能的影响。     

ZrxTixAl1-2xO2的制备及其在三效催化剂上的应用

Zr_0.5Ti_0.5O₂(ZT) and Zr_0.25Ti_0.25Al_0.5O₂(ZTA) mixed oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by low temperature adsorption-desorption， XRD and NH₃-TPD. The activity of Pt/Zr_0.5Ti_0.5O₂ and Pt/ Zr_0.5Ti_0.5Al_0.5O₂ catalysts was evaluated using the simulated gases. The results show that ZTA samples exhibit higher specific surface area， larger pore volume and proper surface acidic amount and acidity in comparison with ZT. The results of the catalytic test indicate that Pt/ZT and Pt/ZTA catalysts exhibit excellent low-temperature catalytic activity and lower light-off temperatures of hydrocarbon， carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides， especially better conversion for nitrogen oxides (NO_x). The addition of Al₂O₃ into ZT enhanced the anti-aging property of Pt/ ZTA catalysts due to the excellent textural， structural， surface acidity and thermal stability.     

Preparation of a Star Network PEG-based Gel Polymer Electrolyte and Its Application to Electrochromic Devices

A star network polymer with a pentaerythritol core linking four PEG-block polymeric arms was synthesized, and its corresponding gel polymer electrolyte based on lithium perchlorate and plasticizers EC/PC with the character being colorless and highly transparent has been also prepared. The polymer host was characterized and confirmed to be of a star network and an amorphous structure by FTIR, ^1H NMR and XRD studies. The polymer host hold good mechanical properties for pentaerythritol cross-linking. Maximum ionic conductivity of the prepared polymer electrolyte has reached 8.83 × 10 ^-4 S·cm^-1 at room temperature. Thermogravimetry （TG） of the polymer electrolyte showed that the thermal stability was up to at least 150 ℃. The gel polymer electrolyte was further evaluated in electrochromic devices fabricated by transparent PET-ITO and electrochromically active viologen derivative films, and its excellent performance promised the usage of the gel polymer electrolyte as ionic conductor material in electrochrornic devices.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定镍基单晶高温合金中Mo、W、Ta、Re、Ru时元素之间相互干扰的消除与校正的研究

称取镍基单晶高温合金0.100 0g于聚四氟乙烯烧杯中,先令其与盐酸9mL和硝酸1mL加热反应,待反应缓慢时滴加氢氟酸2mL并继续加热使样品完全溶解。加入500g·L^-1酒石酸溶液2mL,冷却至室温,在塑料容量瓶中加水定容至100.0mL。按仪器工作条件采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定其中5种合金元素(Mo、W、Ta、Re、Ru)的含量,选择分析谱线依次为204.598,207.911,240.063,197.312,240.272nm。结果发现:除了Re外,其余4种元素的测定中均受共存元素的光谱干扰,严重影响了测定结果的准确性。为克服其干扰,除了采用基体匹配法消除镍的基体干扰外,试验采用混合校正系数矩阵法对测定结果进行校准。通过一系列试验计算得到混合校准系数矩阵K,并应用于模拟样品的分析。结果表明:经过矩阵K的校准,所测定的5种元素的准确度显著提高,达到了消除共存元素之间光谱干扰的目的。通过精密度试验,测得上述5种元素测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)均在1.5%以下,并通过标准加入法进行回收试验,测得5种元素的回收率为97.0%~105%。