Reflection of plane waves from the boundary of a pre-stressed compressible elastic half-space

The effect of pre-stress on the propagation and reflection ofplane waves in an incompressible isotropic elastic half-spacehas been examined recently by the authors (Ogden & Sotiropoulos,1997). In the present paper the corresponding analysis for compressiblematerials is detailed. In the two-dimensional context consideredfor incompressible materials the (homogeneous) plane waves werenecessarily shear waves. By contrast, in the compressible contextpure shear waves can propagate only in specific directions inthe considered principal plane and, in a general direction,a quasi-shear wave may be accompanied by a quasi-longitudinalwave, as is the case in the anisotropic linear theory. The dependenceof the (in-plane) slowness section on the pre-stress (and finitedeformation) and on the choice of constitutive law is elucidated.This information is used to determine the reflection coefficientsfor reflection of either a (quasi-) shear wave or a (quasi-)longitudinal wave from the boundary of the half-space and tocharacterize the different cases which arise depending on thegeometry of the slowness section. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical calculationsfor the range of possible types of behaviour with referenceforms of strain-energy function and different states of finitedeformation and to the question of stability of the half-space.     

基于图像扩散去噪的距离特征量提取研究

距离特征量反映了目标运动过程中的距离变化率,该观测量可由目标辐射噪声LOFAR谱图的干涉条纹中提取得到。低信噪比情况下,由于噪声的影响,干涉条纹特征会变模糊,提取的距离特征量值精度会降低。为提高提取精度,提出了一种边缘定向增强型扩散方程去噪方法,对LOFAR谱图进行处理,使条纹特征更加明显。迭代次数对扩散方程去噪效果影响很大,根据相关性原理,提出了一种迭代次数选择方法。为了使条纹特征更加易于区分,提出了一种基于区域分割的图像二值化方法。数值模拟实验和海试数据处理结果表明,LOFAR谱图经过处理后,提取出的距离特征量精度明显提高。     

锡硫属化物[M(en)3]2[Sn2Se4S2](M=Mn,Co)的溶剂热合成,晶体结构与性质表征

在乙二胺溶剂体系中,180 ℃条件下合成了两种化合物[Mn (en)3]2[Sn2Se4S2](1)和[Co(en)3]2[Sn2Se4S2](2).通过X-射线单晶衍射、SEM、IR、TGA和UV-Vis等手段对其进行了表征.X-射线单晶衍射结果表明化合物1和2是类质同晶,均为正交晶系,并属于Pbca空间群,结构中均含有Sn和两种硫属元素S、Se组成的二聚体阴离子[Sn2Se4S2]2-.两种晶体的晶胞参数分别为:化合物1,a=1.6020(8) nm,b=1.1842(6) nm,c=1.9658(10) nm,Z=8;化合物2,a=1.549t(5) nm,b=1.1688(4) nm,c=1.18666(6) nm,Z=8.紫外-可见漫反射光谱研究结果表明,化合物1和2的禁带宽度分别为1.54 eV和1.64 eV,均有半导体性能.     

单扫描示波极谱法测定药物中的利血生

用单扫描示波极谱法研究了利血生在碱性条件下的分解产物与Cu2 在乙二胺介质中的伏安行为 ,发现其在 - 0 .37V(vs.SCE)处有一灵敏的极谱吸附波 ,其二阶导数波的峰电流ip″大小与利血生浓度在 4.0× 1 0 -7～ 6.0×1 0 -6mol L范围内成线性关系 ,RSD为 1 .0 % ,回收率在 97.9%～ 1 0 3%之间 ,方法的检出限为1 .0× 1 0 -7mol L。探讨了反应机理 ,并用建立的方法测定了片剂中利血生的含量     

一类偏积分微分方程二阶差分空间半离散格式的全局行为

偏积分微分方程产生于许多科学与工程领域,数值求解此类问题具有重要应用.本文给出了数值求解一类长时间偏积分微分方程的二阶差分空间半离散格式.借助于Laplace变换及Parseval等式,给出了全局稳定性的证明、误差估计及全局收敛性的结果.     

化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂的通用检测方法

以化妆品配方中常见及禁用的36种有机溶剂为研究模板,建立了化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂残留评价初筛知识库、确证知识库和定量方法。初筛知识库包括双柱保留指数知识库和NIST质谱库。双柱保留指数知识库以保留指数为定性指标,选择极性的VF-1301ms和非极性的DB-5ms两根色谱柱,用顶空气相色谱-质谱法考察了36种有机溶剂在两种色谱分离系统中的保留特性。利用NIST MS search 2.0作为检索工具,同时建立了36种挥发性有机溶剂的顶空气相色谱-质谱定量方法。样品经60 ℃、30 min静态顶空后以连接了VF-1301ms石英毛细管色谱柱的气相色谱-质谱仪检测,外标法定量。方法检出限为0.01~3.3 μg/g,加标回收率为60.77%~126.60%。该方法从通用性的角度,为化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂残留的筛查、鉴别和定量提供方法,部分解决了测定化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂时需要针对不同检测目标建立不同方法以及潜在溶剂存在备选筛查的问题。     

制造商竞争环境下逆向供应链的政府奖惩机制研究

主要运用博弈论方法探讨制造商竞争环境下的逆向供应链奖惩机制,建立了5个决策模型,分别是逆向供应链集中式决策、以逆向供应链和不回收再制造的制造商的总利润为目标决策、逆向供应链分散式决策、政府对制造商实施奖惩机制以及政府对回收商实施奖惩机制下逆向供应链的决策模型。研究表明:竞争对回收率提高有益,竞争越激烈回收率越高;积极回收再制造的制造商的新产品零售价较低,具有价格竞争优势;奖惩制造商和奖惩回收商均能起到提高回收率的作用,奖惩力度越大,回收率越高,新产品零售价越低;奖惩制造商比奖惩回收商更能调动制造商和回收商的积极性;奖惩制造商时的回购价高于奖惩回收商时的回购价;在实施奖惩机制时,回收再制造的制造商利润高于不回收再制造的制造商的利润;不回收再制造的制造商的利润随奖惩力度的增大而降低。     

ChemInform Abstract: Characterization of the Weak SS Bonds in the OSSSO and O2SSSO2 Molecules

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.     

海洋水声环境敏感区诊断与适应性观测研究进展

传统的海洋水声环境观测通常是大范围的随机观测,缺少针对性,非常时期观测平台在交战海区实施系统观测困难,如何利用有限的观测资源获取有效的观测数据提高观测效率是目前亟需解决的问题。本文提出海洋声学敏感区诊断与适应性观测概念,介绍了相关研究进展,该项研究有助于我们改进目前传统的观测系统设计,提高观测网建设效益,根据敏感区位置,可建立移动的补充观测系统开展适应性观测,从而发展我国新型的海洋观测体系,为改善海洋水声环境预报质量提供有效观测数据。     

The characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum estimation by a vector hydrophone in shallow water

The mechanism of interaction between the energy flows of the far-field ship noise and the near-field platform is studied, and the characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum is discussed. Based on normal modes theory in acoustic vector fields, the model of the near-field platform is established, and the simulated result is similar to the investigation in shallow water. The frequency-time azimuth spectrum of the energy flow is investigated by the vector hydrophone changes with frequency. The energy flow of the far-field ship noise interacts with the near-field platform, so four kinds of stripes are shown in the frequency-time azimuth spectrum, which is the same with the investigation of sea trial. The estimation of direction of arrival appears inaccuracy, and varies with frequency. The main factor that affects the characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum of resultant energy flow is the difference of sound pressure level. The estimation of the direction of arrival benefits from this when a number of sources exist in shallow water.