SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANOMONTMORILLONITE AND POLYAMIDE 66/MONTMORILLONITE NANOCOMPOSITES

The montmorillonites (MMTs), layered, smectite-type silicates, were premodified by two different methods priorto the polymer melt intercalation. In one case MMTs were modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), andtermed as organomontmorillonites (OMMTs); in the other case MMTs were modified by nylon, and the products were calledmodified montmorillonites (MMMTs). The effects of CTAB and nylon on the MMTs were investigated by using TG andWAXD. The results show that interlayer spacings of CTAN and nylon modified MMTs are larger than that of sodium MMTs.Then, polyamide 66 (PA 66)/MMT nanocomposites were obtained through the method of melt intercalation of polymers. Thenanocomposites were characterized by WAXD, TEM and Molau experiments. The results indicate that the MMTs dispersehomogeneously in the PA 66 matrix. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites, such as tensile properties and flexuralproperties, were also measured and show a tendency to increase with increase of MMT content and reach the maximumvalues at 5phr MMT content. The heat distortion temperature (HDT) of the nanocomposites (7 phr) is about 32 K higher thanthat of pure PA 66.     

傅里叶变换技术在紫外可见光谱区的应用

本文评述了傅里叶变换在紫外可见光谱区的应用，探讨了傅里叶变换在紫外可见光谱学以及信号处理两方面的内容。详细介绍了傅里叶变换在紫外可见区遇到的问题、主要优点和发展前景。     

稀土复合型柴油催化助燃剂的研制及应用

采用铈、铂的有机配合物及碳酸酯制备出一种稀土复合型柴油催化助燃剂.通过发动机台架试验,表明添加剂可有效降低碳烟PM和NOz排放,并且发动机热效率有所提高.     

The preparation of nano‐scope chitosan‐oligomer copper complexes and their interaction with DNA

Water‐soluble low molecular weight chitosan of nanometer level and its copper complexes were prepared, and characterized by IR spectra, elemental analysis and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The modes and mechanism of these copper complexes interaction with DNA were studied by a fluorescent probe method and electrophoresis analysis. It is suggested that there are electrostatic and intercalation modes of copper complexes interacting with DNA. At first, the cationic complex electrostaticly binds to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of DNA, and then a portion of the complex intercalates between the base pairs on the DNA duplex strand. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

互贯型螯合树脂的研究．Ⅱ．IPN型含偕胺肟基螯合树脂的合成与性能研究

以交联聚苯乙烯－聚丙烯腈树脂为骨架，经功能基化反应制备出含偕胺肟基团的互贯型螯合树脂。对功能基化反应条件和螯合树脂对金的吸着性能，吸着选择性和吸着机理进行了研究。互贯型螯合树脂的吸着性能与互贯树脂的结构有关，而螯合树脂的选择吸着性则与互贯网络无关．     

多孔硅的电化学制备

单晶硅在氢氟酸溶液中阳极氧化可制得多孔硅, 多孔硅是一种以新形态存在的硅, 与单晶硅相比, 它表现出独特的物理性质和化学活性。荧光光谱峰的蓝移表明, 在p-型低掺杂衬底硅上形成的多孔硅中存在量子尺寸效应, 新近获得的Raman光谱也证实了这一点。     

动力学分光光度法测定痕量硫氰酸根的研究

利用SCN~-对溴酸钾氧化罗丹明B反应的抑制作用。建立了动力学光度法测定痕量SCN~-的新方法。检出限为0.30ng SCN~-/ml,测定范围为0.30～8.3ngSCN~-/ml.应用于吸烟者与不吸烟者尿中SCN~-的测定。结果较为满意。     

简便快速的硫化氢测定法

本文提出了有一种简易快速测定剂来测定水样中的硫化氢的方法。该法的检出限为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ，对１．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ的Ｈ２Ｓ样品７次测定的相对标准偏差＜４．１％，１ｈ能测定１２个样品。用本测定了几种水样中的Ｈ２Ｓ含量，回收率为８４％－１０５％。应用它可上标准法的４ｈ左右缩短到５ｍｉｎ；使分析成本降低９／１０；不需配制一系列分析试剂和仪器，只需一支小型塑料管和几片药片，便于渔业水质和环境水质的野外现场监测。     

茶叶中总黄酮含量测定方法的研究

茶叶中富含羟基苯甲酸类、肉桂酸类及原花色素等多酚类物质,这些物质都具有邻苯二羟基结构,碱性环境下与铝离子形成络合物,影响总黄酮的测定。本实验用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝法和三氯化铝法测定茶叶总黄酮含量的结果作了比较。实验结果表明,亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝法的测定结果比三氯化铝法约高60mg/g,三氯化铝法在酸性环境下进行,酸度实验显示,适宜酸度为pH≥5.0。鞣酸干扰实验表明,平均误差为0.017mg,随着鞣酸量的增加,测得值无上升趋势。三氯化铝法的线性方程:y=0.000638 0.8623x,相关系数:r=0.9998;样品加标回收率为98.05%。因此,对含酚类较多的植物应采用三氯化铝法测定其总黄酮的含量。     

聚酰亚胺LB膜研究进展

阐述近年来聚酰亚胺ＬＢ膜研究的发展概况，包括聚酰亚胺ＬＢ膜的制备方法、结构、性能及应用。