Production of exotic neutron-deficient isotopes near N,Z=50 in multinucleon transfer reactions

The multinucleon transfer reaction in the collisions of ~(40) Ca+ ~(124) Sn at Ec.m. = 128.5 MeV is investigated using the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. The measured angular distributions and isotopic distributions of the products are reproduced reasonably well by the calculations. The multinucleon transfer reactions of ~(40) Ca +~(112) Sn, ~(58) Ni + ~(112) Sn, ~(106) Cd + ~(112) Sn, and ~(48) Ca + ~(112) Sn are also studied. This demonstrates that the combinations of neutron-deficient projectile and target are advantageous for the production of exotic neutron-deficient nuclei near N,Z =50. The charged particles' emission plays an important role at small impact parameters in the de-excitation processes of the system. The production cross sections of the exotic neutron-deficient nuclei in multinucleon transfer reactions are much larger than those measured in the fragmentation and fusion-evaporation reactions. Several new neutron-deficient nuclei can be produced in the ~(106) Cd + ~(112) Sn reaction. The corresponding production cross sections for the new neutron-deficient nuclei,~(101,112) Sb,~(103) Te,and ~106,107) I,are 2.0 nb,4.1 nb,6.5 nb,0.4 μb and 1.0 μb,respectively.     

Novel structures and mechanical properties of Zr2N:Ab initio description under high pressures

With the formation of structural vacancies,zirconium nitrides(key materials for cutting coatings,super wearresistance,and thermal barrier coatings) display a variety of compositions and phases featuring both cation and nitrogen enrichment.This study presents a systematic exploration of the stable crystal structures of zirconium heminitride combining the evolutionary algorithm method and ab initio density functional theory calculations at pressures of 0 GPa,30 GPa,60 GPa,90 GPa,120 GPa,150 GPa,and 200 GPa.In addition to the previously proposed phases P42/mnm-,Pnnn-,and Cmcm-Zr2 N,five new high-pressure Zr₂N phases of PA/nmm,IA/mcm,P2₁/m,P3 m1,and C2/m are discovered.An enthalpy study of these candidate configurations reveals various structural phase transformations of Zr2 N under pressure.By calculating the elastic constants and phonon dispersion,the mechanical and dynamical stabilities of all predicted structures are examined at ambient and high pressures.To understand the structure-property relationships,the mechanical properties of all Zr₂N compounds are investigated,including the elastic moduli,Vickers hardness,and directional dependence of Young’s modulus.The Cmncm-Zr2 N phase is found to belong to the brittle materials and has the highest Vickers hardness(12.9 GPa) among all candidate phases,while the I4/mcm-Zr2 N phase is the most ductile and has the lowest Vickers hardness(2.1 GPa).Furthermore,the electronic mechanism underlying the diverse mechanical behaviors of Zr2 N structures is discussed by analyzing the partial density of states.     

鱼精蛋白-siRNA不同形貌复合体的制备、 结构及药效学分析

利用涡旋混匀及室温孵育的方法制备了不同形貌的鱼精蛋白-siRNA复合体, 并利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结合银染、 原子力显微镜和透射电子显微镜等手段进行了结构表征. 结果表明, 鱼精蛋白可以和不同的siRNA分子以不同的质量比形成球形和纤维状鱼精蛋白-siRNA复合物. 在此基础上, 利用Mg²⁺等金属离子探针, 确认鱼精蛋白与siRNA的磷酸-戊糖骨架之间通过静电力发生作用. 利用原子力和透射电子显微镜表征了鱼精蛋白-siRNA复合体的形貌和结构特征; 利用激光纳米粒度仪测量了该复合体的粒径; 并进一步比较了黑色素瘤细胞对不同形貌复合体的吞噬及药效学特征.     

电化学动电位再活化法(EPR法)的应用研究

应用电化学动电位再活化法(EPR法)评价不锈钢复合板和低铬铁素体不锈钢的晶间腐蚀敏感性. 结果表明,以电化学动电位再活化法测得的反向扫描与正向扫描电流最大值之比（ir / ia）评价堆焊不锈钢复合板00Cr17Ni14Mo2/20R复层晶间敏感性与传统H2SO4-CuSO4-Cu法测定的结果吻合甚好;评价爆炸复合板复层06Cr13R低铬铁素体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感性与草酸浸蚀法测定的也一致. 说明该法可以成功用于定量、定性地评价不锈钢复合板和低铬铁素体不锈钢的晶间腐蚀敏感性.     

基于MEMS惯性传感器的人体多运动模式识别

针对人体多运动模式识别中识别精度低的问题,提出一种基于MEMS惯性传感器的人体多运动模式识别算法。该算法选取MEMS加速度传感器的时域特征作为模式识别特征量,提取MEMS角速度传感器的时域特征作为二次识别的特征量,能够准确识别走、跑、站立、上楼、下楼、趴倒、躺倒、倒退多种运动模式。识别过程采用分层识别算法,同时使用支持向量机识别区分难度较大的两类行为动作。嵌入式消防单兵定位系统平台的实验验证表明,利用该算法能够识别消防单兵的多运动模式,平均识别精度达到94%以上。     

邻苯二硫酚桥联双核双氮过渡金属配合物N-N键活化规律的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法研究了具有仿生固氮结构的两类化合物[Cp*Fe(μ-η²:η²-bdt)(μ-η¹:η¹-MeN＝NMe)FeCp*]以及[Cp*Fe(μ-SEt)₂(μ-η¹:η¹-MeN＝NMe)FeCp*]的90种不同结构, 调变过渡金属中心, 研究不同自旋态下(单重态和三重态)具有side-on或end-on配位键型的双核双氮过渡金属配合物, 基于计算结果分析了BDT(邻苯二硫酚)和乙基类型配体的不同过渡金属配合物活化双氮的程度. 研究结果表明, N-N键活化程度与配合物过渡金属中心所在周期存在密切关系, 更高周期对双氮的活化程度更高, 同周期金属过渡金属配合物对N-N键的活化程度从第四副族至第八族呈现折线型下降, 同时, 过渡金属中心的外层价电子数的奇偶性对双氮的活化程度具有一定影响. 此外, side-on键型对双氮的活化程度要高于end-on键型, 具有不同基团的同种骨架配体对N-N键的活化能力没有明显区别.     

高中化学新课程与大学无机化学电化学的衔接

高中化学新课程分为必修和选修2个模块,这与大学的化学课程之间构成了一种逐步加深的递进关系.而不同阶段的化学课程是否具有良好的衔接性,正是影响课程实施的关键因素.通过分析高中化学和大学无机化学在讲解电化学部分内容时使用的不同教学方法和教学模式,找出电化学主题下高中化学与大学无机化学之间的衔接点,提出一些促进不同阶段化学课程衔接的建议.     

延龄草中2 个甾体皂苷的2D NMR 研究

采用柱色谱法从延龄草中分离得到两个甾体皂苷化合物,即(25S)-27-羟基-偏诺皂苷元-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)-[O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷{(25S)-27-hydroxy-penogenin-3β-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 1} 、(25S)-27- 羟基- 偏诺皂苷元-3β-O-α-L- 吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)-[O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(polyphylloside III, 2),应用¹H NMR,¹³C NMR,DEPT,HSQC,HMBC,¹H-¹H COSY 和NOESY NMR 技术进行结构解析,并对化合物1,2 的¹H NMR,¹³C NMR 数据进行全归属．     

一类具有储备部件的可修复人机系统的指数稳定性

研究了具有储备部件的可修复人机系统.运用Banach空间上的线性算子半群理论,证明了严格占优本征值的存在性,并通过分析系统本质谱界经过扰动后的变化,进一步表明在一定的条件下,系统动态解以指数形式收敛于系统的稳态解.