热处理条件对双粉工艺中Bi-2212粉末的相组成影响

实验研究了Bi-2212粉末在空气,8%O2和纯O2种处理的相组成特征,指出通过改变热处理温度和气氛可控制前驱粉中对2223成相影响较大的(Bi,Pb)-2212相,Ca2PbO4相,2201相和14∶24AEC等相.     

Gd211、Gd2O3的添加对PMP法制备的Gd-Ba-Cu-O超导块材性能的影响

对于Gd-Ba-Cu-O超导体的制备,因为Gd3+对Ba2+位替代程度很小,所以,即使在空气中制备的Gd-Ba-Cu-O超导体,也具有相当好的Jc-B特性,从实际应用观点来看,是很具有吸引力的.本文采用"粉末熔化处理法 (PMP)"在空气中制备Gd-Ba-Cu-O,研究Gd211和Gd2O3的添加对Gd-Ba-Cu-O超导性能的影响.研究表明过量的Gd211(Gd2O3)的添加可以减小弥散分布在Gd-Ba-Cu-O超导块的Gd211粒子,提高Gd-Ba-Cu-O块材的超导性能.但过多的Gd211的添加会使相应的Gd123相减少,从而降低了样品的超导性能.由本实验结果可看出Gd211的最佳添加量为20mol%.将Gd211替换为Gd2O3,其过量的添加同样提高了Gd-Ba-Cu-O块材的超导性能,Gd2O3的添加也存在一个最佳添加量,为15mol%.由于Gd2O3形成Gd211的同时,消耗了Ba原子,并同时提高了Gd的浓度,造成Gd-Ba固溶度的增加,导致Gd-Ba-Cu-O块材的超导性能下降,因此Gd2O3的最佳添加量要小于Gd211的最佳添加量.     

Magnetization study of ITER-type internal-Sn Nb3Sn superconducting wire

Through magnetization measurement with a SQUID magnetometer the heat treatment optimization of an international thermonuclear experimental reactor （ITER）-type internal-Sn Nb3Sn superconducting wire has been investigated. The irreversibility temperature T^＊ （H）, which is mainly dependent on A15 phase composition, was obtained by a warming and cooling cycle at a fixed field. The hysteresis width △M（H） which reflects the flux pinning situation of the A15 phase is determined by the sweeping of magnetic field at a constant temperature. The results obtained from differently heat-treated samples show that the combination of T^＊ （H） with AM（H） measurement is very effective for optimizing the heat reaction process. The heat treatment condition of the ITER-type wire is optimized at 675℃/128 h, which results in a composition closer to stoichiometric Nb3Sn and a state with best flux pinning.     

PMP法YGdBaCuO超导体的磁通钉扎研究

利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和SQUID磁强计研究了粉末熔化(PMP)YBa\-2Cu\-3O\-y和掺Gd 的YBCO超导体的微结构,超导性能、磁通钉扎特性及鱼尾效应等,发现在掺杂Gd的样品中当 温度低于70?K时出现鱼尾现象(H⊥c),而在纯YBCO中无鱼尾出现.添加Gd有助于提高 J\-c,增强钉扎,并认为由掺Gd所引起的Y\-2BaCuO\-5粒子尺寸的减小,应力场钉扎和 磁性钉扎是J\-c增加的原因. 关键词：     

Relationship between the magnetic field distribution and attractive force of single-domain YBCO bulk under different field cooling processes

The levitation forces under different field cooling states were measured at 77K by changing the field cooling distance Z_{fc} between a YBCO bulk and a permanent magnet. It is found that the relationship between the absolute maximum attractive force (Z_{maf}) and the corresponding gap distance (Z_{maf}) to F_{maf} can be well described by exponential laws as a function of Z_{fc}, which allow us to predict these values according to Z_{fc}. It is also found that the distance between the Z_{0fa} (gap distance corresponding to the zero force) and Z_{maf} in the ascending process is a constant value, which is closely related to the constant reduction factor of the axial component of flux density along the axial line of the magnet if Z_{maf}-Z_{0fa} is a constant value. These results are very interesting for fundamental research and helpful in practical designing and applications.     

采用固态反应合成超细Y2BaCuO5粉末

本文介绍了一种合成超细Y2BaCuO5粉末的固态反应法。该法由两步组成：首先,通过烧结BaCO3和CuO粉末的混合物合成BaCuO2粉末;其次,将BaCuO2与商品Y2O3以1：1摩尔比混合后,在流动氧气中900℃烧结14小时。球磨后,得到的Y2BaCuO5粉末平均尺寸小于500nm。     

细化211粒子及降低渗氧温度对YBCO超导块材性能的影响

本文研究了在原始粉末中加入CeO2及预烧结温度对控制Y-211粒子尺寸的影响和低温渗氧工艺对Tc的影响.实验表明,当预烧结温度从940℃降低到900℃时,这种工艺改变对细化211粒子的影响比掺CeO2的作用大.在降低预烧结温度时,实验获得的最大磁悬浮力达到了12.7N/cm2.渗氧温度不仅影响临界转变温度等超导性能而且会影响YBCO块材的组织结构.研究发现对熔融构YBCO块材而言,采用低温渗氧工艺是比较适合的,即渗氧温度在400℃～500℃之间,如果超过500℃,样品中的宏观裂纹会增多.     

Bi-2223／Ag超导带HT1降温工艺与Ic关系研究

热处理工艺对于Bi-2223／Ag超导带性能具有决定性作用，热处理过程中不适当的处理温度、保温时间以及在特定温区内不合适的升降温速率，都会导致Bi-2223／Ag带超导性能的降低．本文研究了在2223相基本生成之后第一次热处理（HT1）降温过程中影响临界电流Ic的温度范围和降温速率．实验证明，HT1的降温过程对Ic有着不可忽视的影响．在800℃～200℃范围内任何附加的保温都会使Ic降低，其中尤以710℃～350℃严重．在此温度范围内，于21％O2分压气氛下，当2223相成相率为～80％时，小于70℃／h的降温速率将使Ic明显下降．XRD的结果发现，较高Ic样品总是含有相对含量为1．8％左右的2212相，在Ic较低的样品中却没有发现2212相，只是3221相稍多．SEM揭示：HT1后经附加热处理的样品中，2223相微裂纹增多，所析出的CuOy尺寸增大而且分布不均匀，这些都造成2223相的连接性变差，使Ic降低．     

前驱粉末对（Bi，Pb）-2223／Ag超导带材临界电流密度的影响

采用双相粉工艺即分别制备出2212粉末和（Ca2CuO3＋CuO）粉末，将它们分别热处理后，按照2223比例混合均匀，分别在四个不同温度下（800℃，815℃，830℃，845℃）进行了10h的烧结，并采用PIT技术制备出37芯超导带材．通过X射线衍射、SEM观察和临界电流的测试，分析了粉末不同烧结温度对（Bi，Pb）-2223／Ag超导带材临界电流密度的影响．结果表明：采用不同的前驱粉末制备的带材具有不同的临界电流密度，最佳的前驱粉末最终烧结温度是830℃左右．