Signal amplification by strand displacement in a carbon dot based fluorometric assay for ATP

A fluorometric ATP assay is described that makes use of carbon dots and graphene oxide along with toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction. In the absence of target, the fluorescence of carbon dots (with excitation/emission maxima at 360/447 nm) is strong and in the “on” state, because the signal probe hybridizes with the aptamer strand and cannot combine with graphene oxide. In the presence of ATP, it will bind to the aptamer and induce a strand displacement reaction. Consequently, the signal probe is released, the sensing strategy will change into the “off” state with the addition of graphene oxide. This aptasensor exhibits selective and sensitive response to ATP and has a 3.3 nM detection limit.

Open image in new window

Graphical abstract Schematic of signal amplification by strand displacement in a carbon dot based fluorometric assay for ATP. This strategy exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity with a detection limit as low as 3.3 nM.

     

α-Fe2O3在Y沸石上的分散

用草酸高铁铵浸渍NaY沸石, 并在高温下焙烧, 得到α-Fe_2O_3/NaY沸石体系。经XRD相定量外推法测定, α-Fe_2O_3在NaY沸石上的最大分散量为0.060 gα-Fe_2O_3/gNaY, 仅占α-Fe_2O_3在沸石表面密置单层量的5.5%。首次尝试用正电子寿命谱方法测定α-Fe_2O_3在沸石表面的最大分散量, 所得结果与XRD方法完全吻合。由程序升温还原方法发现沸石上α-Fe_2O_3的还原分两步进行, α-Fe_2O_3先还原成Fe_3O_4, 然后再还原成金属。α-Fe_2O_3分散相与沸石之间的强相互作用, 使这两个还原反应受到阻抑。     

新型复合负载金属-支撑水相催化剂

 复合催化剂SAP/Rh-SiO2中匀相组分和多相组分具有协同作用。本文主要考察V助剂对Rh-V/SiO2多相催化剂和SAP/Rh-V-SiO2复合催化剂1-己烯氢甲酰化性能的影响。实验结果表明：加入助剂V之后，Rh-V/SiO2催化剂的活性（147.2h-1）比Rh/SiO2催化剂的活性（20.8h-1）有很大提高，而复合SAP/Rh-V-SiO2催化剂的活性（594h-1）比SAP/Rh-SiO2催化剂的活性（370.5h-1）提高很多。V有很强的储氢作用，在Rh-V/SiO2催化剂上更容易发生氢溢流，因此该类复合催化剂的作用机理可能是多相催化剂上产生的H和CO溢流等活性物种溢流至烯烃配位的匀相催化剂活性上发生反应，从而促进复合催化剂活性的提高。     

A two-dimensional proteome map of Shigella flexneri

Shigella flexneri is a Gram-negative facultatively intracellular pathogen responsible for bacillary dysentery in humans. In this study, extracellular proteins from the culture medium and whole cell proteins in cellular extracts of S. flexneri 2a strain 2457T were examined by two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis using immobilized pH gradient (IPG) technology. Proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) in combination with Mascot search program. In total, among the 488 proteins spots processed, 388 proteins were identified. The identified proteins represented 169 genes. By comparing results of Mascot search against databases of Escherichia coli and genomes of S. flexneri 2a, one S. flexneri-specific protein was identified and one possible gap was found in 2457T genome sequences. Although this proteome map is still incomplete, it is already a useful reference for future studies involving pathogenicity, vaccine development, design of novel antibacterial drugs, etc. Proteome maps and a table of all identified proteins are available on the internet at www.proteomics.com.cn.     

稀土固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2/Ce(Ⅳ)催化合成乙酸正丁酯

以SO2 -4/TiO2 /Ce(Ⅳ )为催化剂 ,乙酸和正丁醇为原料合成了乙酸正丁酯 ,在n(醇 )∶n(酸 ) =1.4 ,催化剂0 .5g(乙酸 2 0 0mmol时 ) ,反应时间 1.5h的优化反应条件下 ,酯化率在 96 %以上。     

Electrosynthesis and electrochromic properties of free‐standing copolymer based on oligo(oxyethylene) cross‐linked 2,2’‐bithiophene and 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene

Oligo(oxyethylene) chains cross‐linked 2,2’‐bithiophene (BT‐E5‐BT) has been synthesized successfully. A free‐standing copolymer film based on BT‐E5‐BT and 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (P(BT‐E5‐BT‐co‐EDOT)) has been synthesized by electrochemical polymerization. The electrical conductivity of P(BT‐E5‐BT‐co‐EDOT) copolymer (16 S m^?1) has improved by four orders of magnitude compared to the homopolymer of BT‐E5‐BT (P(BT‐E5‐BT), 5 × 10^?3 S m^?1) at room temperature. Both homopolymer and copolymer films exhibit well‐defined redox and satisfied coloration efficiency. Spectroelectrochemistry studies indicate that the P(BT‐E5‐BT‐co‐EDOT) has a lower band gap in the range of 1.83–1.90 eV and shows more plentiful electrochromic colours (green, blue, purple and salmon pink) compared with the homopolymer P(BT‐E5‐BT). The Copolymer P(BT‐E5‐BT‐co‐EDOT) shows the moderate optical contrast (26% of 480 nm) and coloration efficiency (205.41 cm^?1 C^?2). The copolymer method provides a novel way to fabricate a free‐standing organic electrochromic device. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1583–1592     

Effective removal of 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol over hexagonal metal–organic framework NH2‐MIL‐88B(Fe)

A nanostructured organic–inorganic framework, hexagonal NH₂‐MIL‐88B, has been prepared through a facile one‐pot reflux reaction and then it was characterized using various techniques. The as‐prepared sample with high specific surface area (414 m² g^?1) showed excellent adsorption for 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol (TNP) in the liquid phase. Detailed studies of the adsorption kinetics, adsorption mechanism, adsorption isotherm, activation energy and various thermodynamic parameters were conducted. The adsorption mechanism of NH₂‐MIL‐88B for TNP may be ascribed to hydrogen bond interaction, and the complexation between ─OH in TNP and unsaturated Fe(III) on the surface of NH₂‐MIL‐88B. The maximum adsorption capacity of NH₂‐MIL‐88B for TNP based on the Langmuir isotherm was 163.66 mg g^?1. The as‐prepared NH₂‐MIL‐88B adsorbent seems to be a promising material in practice for TNP removal from aqueous solution.     

带马尔可夫均值估计量的非参数自适应CUSUM控制图

本文提供了一个带马尔可夫均值估计量的非参数自适应CUSUM控制图用于监测位置参数的持续性漂移。它可以通过马尔可夫均值估计量预测未知的漂移大小,自适应的调整控制图参数,来对不同大小的未知漂移进行一个很好的监控。这是一个自启动非参数控制图,可以用于监控开始阶段,并且不需要依赖于任何样本的分布.通过数据模拟研究显示出这个控制图不仅在各种不同分布下具有很好的稳健性,并且对各种大小的漂移都很有效。     

A universal approach to fabricate ordered colloidal crystals arrays based on electrostatic self-assembly

We present a novel and simple method to fabricate two-dimensional (2D) poly(styrene sulfate) (PSS, negatively charged) colloidal crystals on a positively charged substrate. Our strategy contains two separate steps: one is the three-dimensional (3D) assembly of PSS particles in ethanol, and the other is electrostatic adsorption in water. First, 3D assembly in ethanol phase eliminates electrostatic attractions between colloids and the substrate. As a result, high-quality colloidal crystals are easily generated, for electrostatic attractions are unfavorable for the movement of colloidal particles during convective self-assembly. Subsequently, top layers of colloidal spheres are washed away in the water phase, whereas well-packed PSS colloids that are in contact with the substrate are tightly linked due to electrostatic interactions, resulting in the formation of ordered arrays of 2D colloidal spheres. Cycling these processes leads to the layer-by-layer assembly of 3D colloidal crystals with controllable layers. In addition, this strategy can be extended to the fabrication of patterned 2D colloidal crystals on patterned polyelectrolyte surfaces, not only on planar substrates but also on nonplanar substrates. This straightforward method may open up new possibilities for practical use of colloidal crystals of excellent quality, various patterns, and controllable fashions.     

Systematic study on chemical oxidative and solid‐state polymerization of poly(3,4‐ethylenedithiathiophene)

Systematic research on the synthesis, chemical oxidative polymerization of 3,4‐ethylenedithiathiophene (EDTT) in the presence of surfactants or not, and solid‐state polymerization of 2,5‐dibromo‐3,4‐ethylenedithiathiophene (DBEDTT) and 2,5‐diiodo‐3,4‐ethylenedithiathiophene (DIEDTT) under solventless and oxidant‐free conditions has been investigated. Effects of oxidants (Fe³⁺ salts, persulfate salts, peroxides, and Ce⁴⁺ salts), solvents (H₂O, CH₃CN/H₂O, and CH₃CN), surfactants, and so forth on polymerization reactions and properties of poly(3,4‐ethylenedithiathiophene) (PEDTT) were discussed. Characterizations indicated that FeCl₃ was more suitable oxidant for oxidative polymerization of EDTT, while CH₃CN was a better solvent to form PEDTT powders with higher yields and electrical conductivities. Dispersing these powders in aqueous polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSSH) solution showed better stability and film‐forming property than sodium dodecylsulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Oxidative polymerization of EDTT in aqueous PSSH solutions formed the solution processable PEDTT dispersions with good storing stability and film‐forming performance. Solvent treatment showed indistinctive effect on electrical conductivity of free‐standing PEDTT films. As‐formed PEDTT synthesized from solid‐state polymerization showed similar electrical conductivity, poorer stability, but better thermoelectric property than oxidative polymerization. Contrastingly, PEDTT synthesized from DIEDTT showed higher electrical conductivity (0.18 S cm^?1) than DBEDTT which showed better thermoelectric property with higher power factor value (6.7 × 10^?9 W m^?1 K^?2). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012