球磨处理对碳纳米管吸附苯胺的影响

探讨了机械球磨处理后碳纳米管的微观结构变化,并研究了球磨时间对其吸附苯胺的影响.实验结果表明,通过机械球磨可获得大量不同长度的开口碳纳米管,且球磨时间越长,碳纳米管的长度越短,开口程度越明显.球磨处理后碳纳米管中堆积孔孔径明显变小,管内孔孔径基本保持不变.处理后的碳纳米管与处理前相比,其对苯胺的吸附量显著增加,管内发生的毛细凝聚在吸附中起到了重要的作用.     

室温MnO_x上O_3氧化脱除空气中甲醛

采用氧化还原法制备了MnOx催化剂,X射线衍射结果表明其主要为无定形结构.在甲醛和臭氧浓度分别为137和642mg/m3,相对湿度为56%(25oC),GHSV为2×105h-1条件下,MnOx催化剂上O3可将甲醛全部氧化为CO2,反应150min内甲醛转化率和CO2选择性一直保持在～100%.另外,当臭氧与甲醛的摩尔比约为2:3,即显著低于化学计量比时,CO2选择性仍可达～100%.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪在线分析了甲醛氧化反应产物,未检测到任何副产物,从而确认了MnOx催化剂上O3对甲醛的完全氧化.     

Amperometric hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with polythionine and gold nanoparticles

We report on a novel hydrogen peroxide biosensor that was fabricated by the layer-by-layer deposition method. Thionine was first deposited on a glassy carbon electrode by two-step electropolymerization to form a positively charged surface. The negatively charged gold nanoparticles and positively charged horseradish peroxidase were then immobilized onto the electrode via electrostatic adsorption. The sequential deposition process was characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy by monitoring the impedance change of the electrode surface during the construction process. The electrochemical behaviour of the modified electrode and its response to hydrogen peroxide were studied by cyclic voltammetry. The effects of the experimental variables on the amperometric determination of H₂O₂ such as solution pH and applied potential were investigated for optimum analytical performance. Under the optimized conditions, the biosensor exhibited linear response to H₂O₂ in the concentration ranges from 0.20 to 1.6?mM and 1.6 to 4.0?mM, with a detection limit of 0.067?mM (at an S/N of 3). In addition, the stability and reproducibility of this biosensor was also evaluated and gave satisfactory results.

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence of CuInS2 quantum dots

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy of CuInS₂ core and CuInS₂/ZnS core–shell quantum dots (QDs) was studied for understanding the influence of a ZnS shell on the PL mechanism. The PL quantum yield and lifetime of CuInS₂ core QDs were significantly enhanced after the QD surface was coated with the ZnS shell. The temperature dependences of the PL energy, linewidth, and intensity for the core and core–shell QDs were studied in the temperature range from 92 to 287 K. The temperature-dependent shifts of 98 meV and 35 meV for the PL energies of the QDs were much larger than those of the excitons in their bulk semiconductors. It was surprisingly found that the core and core–shell QDs exhibited a similar temperature dependence of the PL intensity. The PL in the CuInS₂/ZnS core–shell QDs was suggested to originate from recombination of many kinds of defect-related emission centers in the interior of the cores.     

分光光度法测定铁合金中的磷

以含磷较低的铁合金作底液,以钼酸铵为显色剂,用磷钼蓝光度法测定铁合金中的磷。磷钼蓝的摩尔吸光系数为7.8×10~5L/(mol·cm),与磷钼黄光度法、氟化钠-氯化亚锡还原磷钼蓝光度法相比,测定灵敏度有不同程度的提高。该方法用于实际样品分析,结果准确、可靠。     

杆件撤除对平面刚架影响的实用计算法

基于短阵位移法,提出了用于分析杆件撤除对平面刚架结构影响的简化计算方法,与以往不同,本法仅将杆件撤除视为在原结构上曾加荷载工况,因此无需重建况体刚度矩阵即可用于分析杆件撤除对结构的影响,本法的计算速度比矩位移法快很多,算例表明,两种方法的计算结果一致。     

一种天然气直接转化制乙烯的新过程

Many routes for the direct conversion of methane have been explored to utilize a bundant natural gas resources.     

非线性自然弯扭闭口薄壁复合梁的广义变分原理

对复合材料自然弯扭闭口薄壁细长梁在小应变、大位移和大转动的情况作了研究,建立了两端边界均为完全约束的该梁大变形弹性理论的非完全广义变分原理的泛函。由泛函驻值条件可以导出所给问题的平衡方程及全部边界条件。上述方法可方便地推广到其它各种不完全约束边界的情况。此外,利用上述结果还可以得到该梁在小位移理论中的基本方程和有关公式。     

丙三醇对水溶液中血红蛋白构象的影响——荧光猝灭和动态光散射研究

利用荧光猝灭法和动态光散射法测定丙三醇-水混合溶剂中血红蛋白(Hb)与联苯胺的结合距离和Hb的流体动力学半径, 并通过分析Hb荧光光谱和吸收光谱的变化, 探讨丙三醇与蛋白质分子在水溶液中相互作用的机理及其对蛋白质构象的影响. 结果表明, 丙三醇-水混合溶剂中Hb通过优先水化作用形成更紧密的构象, 溶剂体系的氢键形成能力下降对稳定蛋白质的构象有重要的影响, 丙三醇浓度较高的混合溶剂中氢键网络发生崩塌, 导致蛋白质构象产生进一步的折叠. 实验显示, 尽管Hb在丙三醇-水混合溶剂中保持较完整的血红素疏水空穴结构, 但是血红素疏水空穴以外肽段的构象发生显著变化, 并对血红蛋白的聚集状态造成一定的影响.     

新课程背景下如何在初中化学教学中渗透人文教育

“在化学教学中渗透人文精神”已有不少老师发表过教研成果。新的课程改革给教师和学生带来了很多契机。本文结合实例从多方面探讨在初中化学教学中渗透人文教育的一些新尝试。