Time evolution of atomic inversion in a standing wave light field

The interaction between an atomic beam of two-level atoms and a standing wave light field has been studied by the exact solution of a time-dependent quantum system developed recently. When the initial atomic state is choosen to be ground, we find that with the limit of zero detuning the atoms will oscillate between the upper and the lower levels with a decaying amplitude. The most interesting result obtained in this paper is when the initial atomic state is a particular superposition of the two levels, now the system does not oscillate at any time.     

Kerr介质中电子的绝热跃迁转移现象和光场的量子统计性质

导出了充满Kerr介质的高Q腔中双模场与级联型三能级原子非共振相互作用系统的态矢量，并以此计算了三能级原子的布居概率和辐射场统计性质随时间的演化.数值计算显示，Kerr效应导致电子的绝热跃迁在原子态间转移的现象，而一定的失谐量使得光场量子统计性质的长时间演化呈现出超结构.     

Effects of phase fluctuation in an open four-level inversionless lasing system

A steady analytical solution of an open four-level inversionless lasing system with a driving field having the phase fluctuation has been given, and the effects of the finite width due to the phase fluctuation on the gain, dispersion, and population difference have been analyzed by using the numerical simulation from the steady analytical solution. It is found that: with the linewidth increasing, the gain decreases and the absolute value of population difference between levels coupled by the probe field increases, but the variation of the linewidth cannot change the properties of the inversionless lasing and refractive index increase of the system; when the linewidth does not equal to zero, the system can still get a high refractive index with zero absorption, and these conclusions have very obvious difference from those obtained in other inversionless lasing systems.     

渐进二次泛函在无穷远处的临界群

在Bartsch-Li建立的在无穷远处的分裂定理的基础上，证明一个关于渐近二次泛函在无穷远处的临界群的计算的结果，它类似于泛函在孤立临界点处的临界群的相应结果。     

多元微分在力学中的应用

多元微分是高等数学的重要组成部分，是众多学科的理论基础。本文谈谈多元函数的微分在两个力学问题中的应用。1．势力场中有势力与势能的关系任何物体在某空间内都受到一个大小和方向完全由其所在位置所确定的力的作用。如果物体运动时，这个力的功只与物体运动的起点和终点位置有关，而与物体运动的轨迹形状无关，则称该物体所在空间为势力场。而物体在势力场中所受的力称为有势力。物体在势力场中的某位置的势能等于有势力从该位置到另一任选零位置所作的功。可见势能是位置坐标的函数，在势力场中不同的位置，势能数值不同。现设某物体…     

微机扫描黑体辐射实验研究

利用微机扫描光栅光谱仪和溴钨灯进行黑体辐射实验研究，验证了黑体辐射的基本规律；论证了黑体辐射实验方法的可行性，分析了黑体的辐射、传递和接收以及正弦机构等器件的性能和误差修正问题．     

分子磁体中的量子隧穿及宏观量子效应

文章介绍了分子磁体中的量子隧穿和宏观量子效应理论和实验研究的新进展．分子磁体既有宏观磁体特性也呈现纯量子行为，例如磁化矢量的量子隧穿．文章作者解释了如何通过量子隧穿实现宏观量子相干(即薛定谔猫态的相干叠加)和量子态位相干涉．对隧穿率计算的瞬子方法，特别是有限温度隧穿理论及其在分子磁体量子隧穿中的应用也做了简要的阐述．     

缺失数据下基于众数回归的变系数部分非线性模型的估计

针对响应变量随机缺失的变系数部分非线性模型,提出了一种稳健的基于众数回归的估计方法.采取逆概率加权方法,利用QR正交分解技术,分别得到了未知参数和变系数函数的众数回归估计量.在一定条件下,证明了估计量的渐近性质.通过数值模拟和实际数据分析,说明了所提估计方法的有效性.     

Real-time frequency transfer system over ground-to-satellite link based on carrier-phase compensation at 10-16 level

We demonstrate a novel and stable frequency transfer scheme over ground-to-satellite link based on real-time carrier-phase detection and compensation. We performed a zero-baseline measurement with the designed system, an uninterrupted frequency standard signal is recovered in the reception station without additional post-correction of delay error caused in the route, which is because the phase error of the entire route is tracked and compensated continuously in real-time. To achieve this goal, we employed two carriers in the system and the differential signal is transferred in order to eliminate the instability results from the local oscillator at the satellite transponder as well as the common-mode noise induced in the transfer route and microwave components. The stability of 3×10^-16 with an integration time of 1 day was achieved and the time fluctuation during one day was measured to be about ±20 ps. Error sources and possible solutions are discussed. Our zero-baseline method shows a promising result for real-time satellite-based time and frequency transfer and deserves further research to find whether it works between long-baseline stations.     

单摆冲击划痕法及其在磨粒磨损和冲蚀磨损研究中的应用

为了促进新近发展起来的单摆冲击划痕法在磨损研究领域的应用，考察材料在单摆冲击划痕条件下的磨损规律，弄清这种方法与平稳加载滑动磨粒磨损及冲击加载喷砂冲蚀之间的关系，采用单摆冲击划痕法、滑动磨粒磨损和喷砂冲蚀３种试验方法，研究了几种纯金属和合金材料的磨损行为．结果表明：在单摆冲击划痕过程中，比能耗（材料产生单位体积划痕所消耗的能量）与材料的切向动态硬度之间有较好的线性关系，二者都可以用作单摆冲击划痕法评价材料耐磨性的指标；材料的法向动态硬度与显微硬度有较好的线性关系，而且法向动态硬度能够更准确地反映材料在平稳加载条件下的抗磨能力