硅钼蓝光度法测定锰矿石中二氧化硅

锰矿石是冶金、化工工业的基础原料,除测定锰含量外,一般要求测定有害杂质二氧化硅含量.现行的国家标准方法[1]及国际标准ISO 5890-1981(E)都采用高氯酸脱水重量法测定硅含量.上述方法具有理论成熟,操作步骤严谨,分析结果准确可靠等优点,但在例行生产中,仍感到手续冗长,操作繁琐.氟硅酸钾容量法[2]不易掌握,结果易波动.     

纯锆及锆合金中痕量铀的方波极谱测定

以前采用磷酸三丁酯-二甲苯萃取分离,在高氯酸-酒石酸钠-氯化钠底液中,极谱测定纯锆及锆合金中痕量铀,但该法灵敏度低,且用有机试剂毒性大。我们在前人的工作基础上,采用CL-TBP萃淋树脂分离锆及其合金元素锡、铁等,在铜铁试剂-二苯胍-氯化铵底液中,用方波极谱法测定铀的吸附催化波。本法不需要大量使用有机试剂,提高了分离效果及灵敏度,可检出2×10~(-10)克/毫升铀,在0.001～0.02微克/毫升范围工作曲线呈线性。本法用于实际试样分析获得满意结果。     

[Co(pema)(amp)Cl]2^+体系—面式异构体的结构解析及其优势构型

仅合成得到[Co(pema)(amp)Cl]2^+体系配合物的一个面式异构体(pema=N-(2- 吡啶甲基)乙二胺，amp＝2—甲氨基吡啶)．利用二维核磁共振技术与单晶X—ray衍 射法平行解析了该异构体的结构．结果显示结构中存在C—H…π相互作用．用 RHF/LANL2DZ对该体系可能的异构体进行结构、能量优化，可能形成C—H…π相互 作用的异构体具有较好的稳定性．C—H…π相互作用对含吡啶环的[CoN5Cl]^2+系 配合物的异构体的选择性形成及其稳定性具有重要作用．     

微量热法研究蒽醌化合物的抑菌活性和毒理作用

The growth therrnogenic curves of Staphylococcus aureus and Tetrahymena thermophila affected by 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, emodin and rhein were determined quantitatively by microcalorimetry. The inhibitory effects of the three anthraquinones （AQ） on S. aureus revealed that the sequence of antimicrobial activity of those was rhein〉emodin〉 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone. The toxicity of the three AQ on T. thermophila indicated that all the tested AQ were toxic to the tested protozoa and the hydroxyl and carboxyl substituted at different position of anthraquinone ring resulted in the enhancement of toxicity.     

影响Cu-Co合成醇催化剂活性因素的研究

C_2—C_5醇的生成主要与钴组分有关,而铜能显著增加钴的活性,且有利于抑制烃的生成。还原形成的金属钴晶体形态因添加铜而发生了改变。XPS方法表明催化剂在活性状态时,铜和钴之间可能存在电子转移。在影响催化剂活性稳定性方面,结构因素有着重要影响。     

甲烷氧化偶联Ti－La－Li系氧化物催化剂制备方法的研究

考察了用不同来源Ｌｉ（ＬｉＮＯ３和ＬｉＳＯ４）制备的催化剂催化的甲烷氧化偶联（ＯＣＭ）反应的特点，探讨了以ＬｉＮＯ３为锂源制备的催化剂的高温反应失活机理。ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ、ＸＰＳ和ＢＥＴ等方法的研究结果表明，以ＬｉＮＯ３为锂源制备的催化剂具有反应活性高、空速大的特点，而以Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４为锂源制备的催化剂具有Ｃ２选择性高、活性低、空速小等特点。由ＬｉＮＯ３制得的催化剂的失活原因是：在较高的反应温度下由于表面Ｌｉ的流失，使体相晶格中的Ｌｉ向表相扩散进而导致含Ｌｉ活性相ＬａＴｉ１－ｙＬｉｙＯ３－λ的分解（或部分分解），从而减少了体相和表相中氧空位的数量，导致催化剂的活性降低。设计了ＮＨ：（ＳＯ４）２浸渍法来固定表面锂。     

以松木为模板研制高比表面积MgO固体强碱

以松木为模板, 乙酸镁为前驱物, 通过外模板法制备了一系列的MgO固体碱材料, 并用XRD、SEM、正己烷吸附、低温液氮吸附、Hammett指示剂法、ICP、IR和TG-DSC等手段对其进行了表征. 结果表明, 用该方法制备出来的MgO样品具有松木的生物形态, 由横截面积比较均一的棒状纳米颗粒构成, 不同于乙酸镁直接焙烧得到的MgO样品. 松木模板的使用有助于降低形成MgO样品的晶粒直径并明显提高了其比表面积, 与此同时, 这些具有生物形态的MgO样品仍保持了较高的碱强度, 可望用作优良的碱催化剂或催化剂载体.     

Application of Ultrasonic Attenuation Measurements in the Studies on Macromolecular Conformational Behaviors

——Phase Behavior of the Aqueous Solution of Poly(vinyl methyl ether) Sensitive to Temperature and the Modification of the Behavior by Using Poly(acrylic acid) The phase behavior of the aqueous solution of poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) sensitive to temperature and the modification of the behavior by using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) have been studied by ultrasonic attenuation measurements and fluorescence probe techniques. It has been observed that PVME solution is transparent at room temperature and becomes turbid upon heating. The solution turns clear again as soon as the temperature is decreased to room temperature. The heating and cooling process can be repeated for many times. The phase behavior of the solution sensitive to temperature is attributed to the conformational changes of the polymer. PVME may adopt an open coil conformation at room temperature. With this conformation, the polymer is well miscible with the solvent, water, and thereby the system is a real solution. The polymer may adopt a compact coil conformation when the temperature is higher than a specific value, which is called the LCST (the lower critical solution temperature) of PVME. In this case, the polymer tangles to each other and forms various aggregates, which can scatter incident light and ultrasonic waves greatly, resulting in the phase separation. Introduction of PAA decreases the temperature sensitivity of the phase behavior of the polymer. The nature of the inhibition is attributed to the complexation of PAA with PVME and the strong hydrophilicity of PAA. Results from fluorescence probe studies are in accordance with those from ultrasonic attenuation measurements, indicating again that the ultrasonic attenuation method can be successfully used for the qualitative studies of polymer conformations and complexation between polymers.     

超音速流动条件下Sn/N2O(O2)化学发光反应动力学的实验研究

在温度低于900 K和1—10乇腔压范围内, 首次采用等离子加热方法产生金属Sn蒸气, 并利用超音速流动反应装置, 研究了载气为N_2和N_2+Ar时Sn+N_2O和Sn+O_2的化学发光反应。首次采用光学多通道分析仪(OMA Model 1450)获得了不同腔压下SnO(a~3∑~+—X~1∑~+)跃迁的化学发光光谱, 得出了不同腔压下SnO(a~3∑~+)态的相对振动布居, 并将本实验结果与低亚音速高温快速流动反应器(HTFFR)中所得的结果做了比较。     

新催化光度法测定痕量钱

基于Ｍｏ对过氧化氢氧化铍试剂Ⅱ褪色反应的反催化效应及动力学条件，建立了测定钼的新催化光度法，Ｍｏ的线性范围为２－３６μｇ．Ｌ＾－１，检出下限达１．０μｇ．Ｌ＾－１。用于土壤，茶叶，花生和豆类食品中钼的测定，回收率为９６．７％－１０５％之间。