水热法合成ReMn2O5(Re=Gd，Sm，Yb)纳米粉体

本文采用水热法,以KMnO4和Mn(C2H3O2):为锰源,在250℃反应24 h合成了高各向异性的GdMn2O5、SmMn2O5和YbMn2O5纳米粉体.利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征.结果表明,所制备的ReMn2O5(Re=Gd,Sm,Yb)均为正交相结构.反应溶液中碱性矿化剂浓度对产物的形貌和尺寸有重要的影响.通过实验结果分析了纳米结构的形成机理.     

Three novel organosilver(I) coordination networks constructed from diallylmelamine and polycarboxylates incorporating silver-vinyl bonding

Diallylmelamine combines with Ag(2)O and auxiliary polycarboxylates to give three stable crystalline network structures, namely, [Ag(2)(dama)(2)(nipt)·H(2)O·C(2)H(5)OH](n) (1), [Ag(2)(dama)(glu)](n) (2), and [Ag(4)(dama)(2)(pma)·2H(2)O](n) (3), (dama = diallylmelamine, H(2)nipt = 5-nitroisophthalic acid, H(2)glu = glutaric acid, H(4)pma = pyromellitic acid), which have been successfully synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR Spectra, powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 is a 1D double-chain extended by μ(2)-N,N'-(η(2)-vinyl)-dama and μ(3)-nipt along the b axis. Notably, dama ligands in 1 display two coordination modes (bidentate μ(2)-N,N'-(η(2)-vinyl) and monodentate μ(1)-N) and two different conformations (cis(anti-gauche) and trans(anti-anti)). In 2, a pair of centrosymmetric glu ligands clamp two Ag(I) ions to form a half paddle-wheel [Ag(2)(COO)(2)] secondary building unit (SBU) which is further extended by μ(2)-N,N'-(η(2)-vinyl)-dama to form a 1D tape. Complex 3 is a 2D sheet built from μ(3)-N,N',N'-(η(2)-vinyl)-dama and μ(8)-pma. Interestingly, apparent silver-vinyl interactions with a η(2) mode were commonly observed in the solid-state structures of 1-3 (Ag-C = 2.311(4)-2.467(5) ?). The structural dissimilarity between 1 and 2 is caused by the different auxiliary polycarboxylates and different coordination modes of dama. In addition, the thermal stabilities and emissive behaviors of them were also investigated.     

Microwave Doppler spectra of sea return at small incidence angles: specular point scattering contribution

It is well known that the sea return echo contains contributions from at least two scattering mechanisms. In addition to the resonant Bragg scattering, the specular point scattering plays an important role as the incidence angle becomes smaller (≤20o). Here, in combination with the Kirchhoff integral equation of scattering field and the stationary phase approximation, analytical expressions for Doppler shift and spectral bandwidth of specular point scattering, which are insensitive to the polarization state, are derived theoretically. For comparison, the simulated results related to the two-scale method (TSM) and the method of moment (MOM) are also presented. It is found that the Doppler shift and the spectral bandwidth given by TSM are insufficient at small incidence angles. However, a comparison between the analytical results and the numerical simulations by MOM in the backscatter configuration shows that our proposed formulas are valid for the specular point scattering case. In this work, the dependences of the predicted results on incidence angle, radar frequency, and wind speed are also discussed. The obtained conclusions seem promising for a better understanding of the Doppler spectra of the specular point scattering fields from time-varying sea surfaces.     

细胞色素b5突变体(E44A/E48A/E56A/D60A)的溶液结构研究

电子传递反应是光合作用和生物氧化等一系列重要生物过程的基本反应[1],为阐明细胞色素b5和c的静电结合模型,1993年Northrup等[3]用Brownian动态模拟预言的这两个蛋白结合模型有两种几何形态,根据以下模型设计了许多实验,但对两种模型都至关重要的细胞色素b5血红素暴霞棱周围的4个残基E44,48,56T D60对蛋白质复合物的稳定性以及在蛋白质识别中的作用仍然不清楚,为了阐明这4个带负电的残基对细胞色素b5结构的影响,正确地揭示蛋白质相互作用的本质和机理,本文对牛肝微粒体细胞色素b5胰蛋白酶切割后水溶性部分的突变体(E44A/E48A/E56A/D60A)深液结构进行了研究.     

LES-DSMC方法研究超细颗粒气固两相流动过程

采用考虑颗粒脉动流动对气相湍流流动影响的大涡模拟(LES)研究气相湍流,采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法(DSMC)模拟颗粒间的碰撞。单颗粒运动满足牛顿第二定律,颗粒相和气相相间作用的双向耦合由牛顿第三定律确定,考虑超细颗粒间的van der Waals作用力。数值模拟垂直管内超细颗粒气固两相流动,对颗粒相速度、浓度以及团聚物流动过程进行分析。     

Modified Two-Scale Model for Electromagnetic Scattering from the Non-Gaussian Oceanic Surface

Based on the skewness of sea waves, a modified two-scale model is developed for the non-Gaussian sea surface scattering. In this new model, a complementary term is added to the first-order scattering coefficient of the classical small perturbation method （SPM）, the additional part is proportional to the surface bispectrum and it is the critical part in explaining the scattering difference between upwind and downwind observations. Meanwhile, the effects of the shadowing function of the anisotropic surface, the curvature of the surface are also taken into account. The numerical results show the theoretical estimates obtained are consistent with the experimental result, and the influence of the wind speed, the trend and the incident frequency on the backscattering coefficients from the non-Gaussian oceanic surface is discussed in detail.     

In situ N-phosphorylation of oligopeptides for fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry

Positive ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS) of in situ N-phosphorylated oligopeptides showed intense quasi-molecular ions together with the successive alkene loss fragment ions, which afford multiple checks of the unequivocal reality of the relative molecular mass of the tested samples. More interesting, in a novel cleavage pattern only the N-phosphoryl fragment ions gave intense peaks, the C-terminal series ions being suppressed. For each of the N-terminal ions, losses of alkenes also occur to provide multiple checks for the existence of these ions. The FABMS of the in situ N- phosphorylated oligopeptides might provide an easily accessible routine method for peptide sequencing.     

Sn掺杂ZnO半导体纳米带的制备、结构和性能

在无催化剂的条件下, 利用碳热还原反应气相沉积法制备出了高产率单晶Sn掺杂ZnO纳米带. XRD和TEM研究表明纳米带为结晶完好的纤锌矿结构, 生长方向沿[0001], EDS分析表明纳米带中Sn元素含量约为1.9%. 室温光致发光谱(PL)显示掺锡氧化锌纳米带存在强的绿光发射峰和较弱的紫外发射峰, 谱峰峰位中心分别位于494.8 nm和398.4 nm处, 并对发光机制进行了分析. 这种掺杂纳米带有望作为理想的结构单元应用于纳米尺度光电器件领域.     

ZnO纳米电缆的制备、结构和生长机理

以混合的锌粉和锡粉作为原料, 通过热蒸发的方法在沉积有金膜的硅基片上制备出具有“芯线-壳层”同轴结构的ZnO/SiO_x纳米电缆. 扫描和透射电镜的研究表明, 这种纳米电缆的产量很高, 长度达到数个微米, 并且确认了其“芯线-壳层”的独特结构. 不同于以往ZnO一维纳米材料的三个快速生长方向〈0001〉、〈0110〉及〈2110〉, 其ZnO芯线的生长方向为[2021]. 本实验中锡粉和金膜分别作为抑制剂和催化剂, 通过控制锌粉的蒸发速率以及金硅共熔反应使ZnO纳米电缆在硅基片上得到一维生长. 这种纳米电缆可望在纳米尺度的电路、电器以及力学和光学信号的耦合和转换方面得到应用.