用梯度热裂解GC/ITD联用技术分析磺酸盐阴离子表面活性剂

本文报道应用热裂解气相色谱-离子阱联用系统研究了固体表面活性剂(十二烷基磺酸钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠)的梯度热裂解产物。结果表明:当热解温度为350～400℃时,表面活性剂磺酸盐中的杂质将以热提的形式除去,裂解温度为600℃时可获得磺酸盐表面活性剂的最佳裂解产物。     

Controllable synthesis of functionalized CdS nanocrystals and CdS/PMMA nanocomposite hybrids

We reported controllable synthesis of CdS nanocrystal-polymer transparent hybrids by using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as a polymer matrix. In a typical run, the appropriate amounts of cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) and sodium sulfide (Na₂S) in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol (ME) as the organic ligand are well dispersed in H₂O/DMF solution without any aggregation. From a combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a computing method of Brus’s model according UV-vis absorption spectra, the particle size of as-prepared hydroxyl-coated CdS nanocrystal was determined to be about 5 nm. Then, with the surface treatment with methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS), CdS-PMMA hybrids were obtained via free radical polymerization in situ. FT-IR characterization indicates the formation of robust bonding between CdS nanocrystals and the organic ligand and the formation of double-bond functional CdS nanocrystals. The TGA measurement displays CdS-PMMA hybrids possess better thermal stability compared with pure PMMA polymer. The fluorescence measurement shows that CdS nanocrystals and CdS-PMMA hybrids exhibit good optical properties. Also, the luminescent photographs taken under ultraviolet light prove the luminescence properties.     

Plasma Treatment of Ni Catalyst for Partial Oxidation of Methane

The 10%Ni/Al2O3 catalyst for partial oxidation of methane was treated by DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) plasma in a continuous system under atmospheric pressure and room temperature by flowing He. It was found that 10%Ni/Al2O3 catalyst treated by plasma presents a higher catalytic activity and an enhanced stability than the catalysts prepared without plasma treatment. The methane conversion over the catalyst treated by plasma is 3%-5% higher than the catalysts untreated by plasma. Moreover,the enhanced dispersion of the catalyst can be achieved by plasma treatment, which can improve the interaction between active species and supports, catalytic activity and the resistance to carbon deposition.     

改性角蛋白纤维中蛋白质与脂类组成变化的分析

本文采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和薄层色谱,对经过化学改性处理后的角蛋白纤维中的蛋白质和脂类组成进行了分析。结果表明,羊毛纤维中的蛋白质和脂类的组成变化,可反映出纤维结构的变化,并能够预示纤维的纺织性能。     

剥离型硅橡胶/黏土纳米复合材料研究

利用层状硅酸盐制备有机 无机纳米复合材料是当前人们研究的热点[1,2 ] ,这类材料具有较常规聚合物 无机填料复合材料无法比拟的优点 ,可以明显改善高分子材料的物理机械性能、热稳定性、气体阻隔性、阻燃性、导电性、光学性等 .一般来说 ,聚合物 层状硅酸盐 (Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｌａｙｅｒｅｄｓｉｌｉｃａｔｅ ,ＰＬＳ)纳米复合材料可分为插层型和剥离型两种类型 .插层型纳米复合材料即聚合物插入到硅酸盐层中 ,硅酸盐在近程仍保持原有的有序晶体结构 ,在远程则是无序的 .对弹性体而言 ,硅酸盐含量在插层型杂化材料中的含量比较高 ,力学性能…     

A NOVEL MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER： SYNTHESIS AND ADSORPTION BEHAVIOR OF GATIFLOXACIN

A kind of molecularly imprinted polymer （MIPs） with high selectivity was prepared using methacrylic acid （MAA） as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate （EDMA） as crosslinker and Gatifloxacin as template. The effect of various parameters such as volume of solvent, functional monomer dosage, crosslinker dosage and polymerization time were investigated. The selective binding experiment for substrates show that the affinity and selectivity for Gatifloxacin were higher than that for blank polymer. Scatchard analysis show that the MIPs recognized template with two kinds of binding sites. The dissociation constant Kd and maximum adsorption quantity Qmax of these two kinds of binding sites were calculated： Kd1 and Qmax1 of the binding sites with high affinity were 8.67×10^-4 mol/L and 28.19μmol/g, while Kd2 and Qmax2 of the binding sites with low affinity were 1.05×10^-3 mol/L and 33.20μmol/g respectively.     

铅在铜上电沉积的原位椭圆偏振法

采用循环伏安法(CV)和原位椭圆偏振法(SE)研究铅在铜电极上的电沉积行为。 原位椭圆偏振参数Ψ和Δ值的变化率在CV图峰电位处同时出现极值。 通过建立单层膜模型描述“电极-溶液”界面的结构并对椭圆偏振光谱数据进行拟合得到铅沉积层厚度随电位的变化规律。 拟合结果显示,铅在铜电极上的电沉积有3个不同的沉积速率,-0.20～-0.35 V之间沉积速率为0.003 nm/mV,-0.35～-0.48 V之间沉积速率为0.025 nm/mV,-0.48～-0.60 V之间沉积速率为0.116 nm/mV,由此表明铅的电沉积分为3个不同阶段：欠电位沉积阶段、欠电位沉积向本体沉积的过渡阶段和本体沉积阶段。     

Synthesis of Chlorogenic Acid Imprinted Chromatographic Packing by Surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Its Application

A novel chromatographic packing of chlorogenic acid（CGA） molecularly imprinted polymer（MIP） based on the 5.0 ~tm silica was prepared by surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization（SI-ATRP） with 4-vinylpyridine（4-VP） as functional monomer, ethyl glycol dimethacrylate（EDMA） as cross-linker in the mixture of methanol and water（7：3, volume ratio） under mild reaction conditions. The characteristics of CGA MIP were investi- gated by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry（FTIR） and atomic force microscopy（AFM）. The effects of some chromatographic conditions such as mobile phase composition and temperature on the retention time were investigated. The adsorption capacity of the stationary phase for com- pounds was determined by frontal chromatographic technique. The results show that Freundlich isotherm fits the ex- perimental adsorption isotherm data better than Langmuir model does. The relatively high heterogeneity index values regressed with the Freundlich isotherm suggest the formation of fairly homogeneous MIP. Thermodynamic data（AAH and AAS） obtained by van＇t Hoff plots reveal an entropy-controlled separation. The CGA MIP column was shown to be successful for the separation and purification of chlorogenic acid from the extract of Honeysuckle.     

Simultaneous Determination of Oil and Water in Soybean by LF-NMR Relaxometry and Chemometrics

A fast, non-destructive and eco-friendly method was developed to simultaneously determine the oil and water contents of soybean based on low field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF-NMR) relaxometry combined with chemometrics, such as partial least squares regression(PLSR). The Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill(CPMG) magnetization decay data of ten soybean samples were acquired by LF-NMR and directly applied to the PLSR analysis. Calibration models were established via PLSR with full cross-validation based on the reference values obtained by the Soxhlet extraction method for measuring oil and oven-drying method for measuring water. The results indicate that the calibration models are satisfactory for both oil and water determinations; the root mean squared errors of cross-validation(RMSECV) for oil and water are 0.2285% and 0.0178%, respectively. Furthermore, the oil and water contents in unknown soybean samples were predicted by the PLSR models and the results were compared with the reference values. The relative errors of the predicted oil and water contents were in ranges of 1.25%-4.96% and 0.44%-2.49%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the combination of LF-NMR relaxometry with chemometrics shows great potential for the simultaneous determination of contents of oil and water in soybean with high accuracy.