Gas Flows with Several Thermal Nonequilibrium Modes

We study gas flows with any finite number of thermal nonequilibrium modes. The equations describing such flows are a hyperbolic system with several relaxation equations. An important feature is entropy increase dictated by physics for any irreversible process. Under physical assumptions we obtain properties of thermodynamic variables relevant to stability. By the energy method we prove global existence and uniqueness for the Cauchy problem when the initial data are small perturbations of constant equilibrium states. We give a precise formulation of the fundamental solution for the linearized system, and use it to obtain large time behavior of solutions to the nonlinear system. In particular, we show that the entropy increases but stays bounded. The resulting asymptotic picture of nonequilibrium flows is in a pointwise sense both in space and in time.     

Dynamics of infection with nonlinear incidence in a simple vaccination model

We develop and analyze a simple SIV epidemic model including susceptible, infected and imperfectly vaccinated classes, with a nonlinear incidence rate. We investigate the interaction of the nonlinear incidence and partial immunity. Our main results show that nonlinear incidence rate could induce the forward bifurcation with hysteresis except for the backward bifurcation. The plausible effects of vaccination program have been demonstrated by two models with nonlinear incidence rate. Vaccination program may contribute to disease spread, depending on which transmission term involves nonlinear incidence rate.     

瓦斯爆炸载荷作用下矿用柱壳救生舱抗爆性分析及结构优化

矿用救生舱是矿井安全生产中必备的救生装备,其稳定性和抗爆性能决定着逃生人员的生存概率。本文中设计了一种圆柱壳结构救生舱,优化了该救生舱在瓦斯爆炸载荷作用下的抗爆性能:首先,采用ANSYS/LS DYNA软件模拟并验证了爆炸流场载荷;其次,采用ALE流固耦合算法揭示了真实环境下爆炸流场与救生舱的耦合作用;然后,对其进行抗爆性模拟分析及结构设计优化;最后,对比分析了原模型和优化模型的动力响应、强度及能量变化特征,结果表明优化后的救生舱抗爆性满足国家规范要求。     

能源塔常用材料在不同载冷剂中的腐蚀行为

能源塔中由于载冷剂存在腐蚀性,会对回路系统中的金属材料产生侵蚀而大幅降低能源塔的使用寿命,为了保障能源塔中设备的长寿命运行,需要明确能源塔回路系统材质与载冷剂的腐蚀兼容性。 本文对能源塔回路中常用的H65铜合金、3003铝合金和20#低碳钢3种材料在6种典型载冷剂中的腐蚀行为进行了研究,结果表明,H65铜合金与YH6830、3003铝合金与BL3500载冷剂、20#低碳钢与HG3500、YH6830型载冷剂搭配使用时腐蚀控制最为理想,对延长能源塔设备运行寿命具有指导意义。     

汉语语境下的车辆噪声听觉属性评价与分析

研究了等响度车辆噪声听觉属性的空间维度及其汉语表述.首先通过问卷调查确定评价车辆噪声听觉属性的汉语描述词,然后完成基于成对比较法和语义细分法的主观评价实验,获得听觉属性的不相似度矩阵及描述词的等级顺序.最后,利用多维尺度分析和主成分分析法得到独立的用中文表达的车辆噪声听觉属性,结果表明:对于等响度的车辆噪声,其听觉属性可以用三个维度表示,分别用"粗糙"、"刺耳"和"起伏"描述.     

Linearized oscillations in nonlinear delay difference equations

Consider the nonlinear delay difference equation We establish a linearized oscillation result of this equation, which is the extension of the result in the paper [1]. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Letter: Specific isotope labeling for the identification of free N-terminal peptide of proteins separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

We report here a method for the identification of free N-terminal peptide of in gel digested isolated proteins. It is based in the difference between the isotopic ion distribution of N-terminal peptide and internal peptides. After guanidination of lysine residues, the primary amino groups of the gel-entrapped protein are blocked with an equimolar mixture of normal and deuterated acetic anhydride. Upon MS analysis internal peptides display a normal isotopic ion distribution while the N-terminal peptide shows a complex isotopic ion distribution.     

强弱酸混合体系被分步直接准确滴定的判据

以一元强酸和一元弱酸组成的混合体系为对象,并以指示剂确定终点,推导能否实现混酸分步直接准确滴定的判据。研究发现:只有待滴定酸的浓度≥0.544 mol·L-1且弱酸的p Ka处于5.6–8.3之间时,才有可能在滴定误差不超过0.1%的要求下实现同浓度混合液中一元强酸和弱酸的分步直接准确滴定,这两个条件会随着滴定准确度要求的变化而变化。