非负矩阵与有向图的谱半径

本文给出非负矩阵的谱半径的上界、下界,由此给出有向图的谱半径的界.     

张 ■教授与我国的植物科学

张（１８８４—１９５０），植物学家和生物学教育家．中国近代植物学的先驱、现代实验性植物生理学和植物生态学的奠基人．最先自编我国第一套植物学、植物形态学、植物解剖学、种子植物分类学、植物生态学和植物生理学教科书．长期从事植物学科的教学和研究工作，为我国的生物科学和教育事业的建立和发展，贡献了自己的一切知识和力量．     

Normalization and Fermi–Coulomb and Coulomb hole sum rules for approximate wave functions

For approximate wave functions, we prove the theorem that there is a one‐to‐one correspondence between the constraints of normalization and of the Fermi–Coulomb and Coulomb hole charge sum rules at each electron position. This correspondence is surprising in light of the fact that normalization depends on the probability of finding an electron at some position. In contrast, the Fermi–Coulomb hole sum rule depends on the probability of two electrons staying apart because of correlations due to the Pauli exclusion principle and Coulomb repulsion, while the Coulomb hole sum rule depends on Coulomb repulsion. We demonstrate the theorem for the ground state of the He atom by the use of two different approximate wave functions that are functionals rather than functions. The first of these wave function functionals is constructed to satisfy the constraint of normalization, and the second that of the Coulomb hole sum rule for each electron position. Each is then shown to satisfy the other corresponding sum rule. The significance of the theorem for the construction of approximate “exchange‐correlation” and “correlation” energy functionals of density functional theory is also discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007     

Sansalvamide A固相合成新方法

报道了Pd催化丁基二乙基硅烷树脂与N-Boc-4-溴代苯丙氨酸甲酯直接反应形成Si—Ar键一步构建出硅基连接分子的新方法, 并采用Boc策略增长肽链, 以PyBOP (benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluoro- phosphate)为环合剂固相合成了sansalvamide A.     

浙江中部夏熟作物田主要杂草生态相似性的数量分析

应用七级目测法对浙江中部地区27个夏熟作物田样点的杂草进行了优势等级调查，将所得数据转换成重要值，以杂草在27个样点中的重要值为运算指标，应用主成分分析法和图论聚类中的最小生成树法，对24种杂草的生态学相似性进行了比较，指出了长期使用单一的除草剂导致农田杂草种群迅速更迭的原因：杂草对除草剂的敏感性差异及不同杂草间的生态学特性的差异。     

Separate Polarization Modes Synchronization and Synchronization Switches between Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

For vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with polarization-rotated feedback, there exist several synchronization types such as synchronizations between total powers and synchronizations between separate polarization modes. Based on the two-mode rate equations, we study and compare numerically the performances of different synchronization types. Our results show that three synchronization types exhibit good performances when their synchronization conditions are satisfied. They are the complete synchronization between total powers, complete synchronization between x-polarized modes, and generalized synchronization between x-polarized and y-polarized modes. The former two types are sensitive to the injection rate and spontaneous emission, while the third type is contrary. Synchronization type with the best performance may switch from one to another, with changing of injection rate and spontaneous emission factor.     

中物院远红外自由电子激光实验研究

中国工程物理研究院基于射频直线加速器技术的远红外自由电子激光(FIR-FEL)实验取得阶段性进展,于2005年3月24晚8时30分首次出光, 并多次重复. 中心波长115μm, 谱宽1%.介绍了实验系统的主要组成部分和主要实验结果.     

碰撞能量对He-N2的散射截面的影响

用密耦近似方法计算了He和N2体系的微分截面和总截面及转动激发分波截面,得出微分截面及总截面随入射能量变化的规律.