The effect of scintillator materials on the fast neutron multiplicity measurement

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - To analyze the effect of scintillator detectors on the fast neutron multiplicity, this paper uses Geant4 and Matlab to simulate and study three...     

单纯形算法动态优化毛细管胶束电动色谱分离体系

采用控制加权可变步长单纯形算法对ＰＴＣ氨基酸的毛细管胶束电动色谱分离体系进行动态优化。寻优过程中同时考虑背景电解质的ｐＨ值、十二烷基硫酸钠浓度和有机添加剂浓度对体系分离效果的影响。分别使用Ｌｏｎｇ系数法和均匀设计表法确定初始单纯形顶点对分离体系进行动态优化。优化结果使１７种ＰＴＣ氨基酸获得了比较满意的分离。     

不完全抑制电导检测离子色谱法测定饮料中的苹果酸

采用一种抑制型离子色谱检测技术－－不完全抑制电导检测,以０．７５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ２ＳＯ４＋ＮａＯＨ（ｐＨ＝１１．５）为淋洗液对弱酸根离子如苹果酸、酒石酸等进行了测定,得到苹果酸、酒石酸的检测限分别为１．３１ｍｇ／Ｌ、３．０４ｍｇ／Ｌ;在２００ｍｇ／Ｌ以下相关系数分别为０．９９９８、０．９９９９;;各离子峰高的相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）分别为０．５７％、１．６０％。上率为９７．７￣１０４％。常见的强酸离     

β修正光度法测定食品中的微量锰

在pH=8．6的硼砂-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,锰(Ⅱ)-铬黑T-吐温80显色体系的最大吸收波长为550nm,利用此显色体系,用卢修正光度法测定食品中的微量锰,Mn(Ⅱ)含量在0．45～35μg／(25mL)内服从比耳定律,线性方程为A。=0．0281X-0．0026,相关系数r=0．9997,用该方法测定调味料八角和奶粉中的微量锰。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0．52％～2．86％,回收率为96．21％～102．2％。     

掺锂硼酸盐复合凝胶的制备与表征

 以硼酸三正丁酯、甲醇锂为主要原料,甲醇和四氢呋喃为溶剂,利用溶胶-凝胶法通过优化工艺制备了掺锂硼酸盐凝胶。分别采用粘度分析、热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜及红外光谱,对凝胶形成过程、物相、成分、微观形貌等进行表征。结果表明：对凝胶在150 ℃条件下处理4 h获得干凝胶,干凝胶在450 ℃左右产生结晶的倾向,492 ℃干凝胶已经完全从非晶态转变为晶态,在808 ℃左右晶体熔解;干凝胶是多孔网络结构材料;干凝胶网络结构的基本组成单元是以≡B—O—B=键的方式连接的,其中一个硼原子是四配位,另一个是三配位的。     

离子型表面活性剂对双重乳粒分散性能的影响

为了改善臭氧处理PS单层球与PVA溶液生成的双重乳粒在油相中的分散性,采用了低分子量阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)及高分子量混合型表面活性剂十八烷基胺聚氧乙烯醚双季铵盐(PAVDA)来改性该种PS单层球,测试并分析了不同表面活性剂对相应薄膜亲水接触角及其对PVA吸附速率的影响,同时也考察并对比了静电排斥作用和空间位阻作用对双重乳粒分散性的影响。实验结果表明这三种表面活性剂均能不同程度的改善双重乳粒在油相中的分散性。其中,经SDS和SDBS处理后,双重乳粒在油相中固化时会发生絮凝作用而无法以较高成活率制得大尺寸双层球;经PAVDA处理PS单层球后,实现了以较高的成活率制得700~900μm的PS-PVA双层空心微球。同时,也表明在改善PS单层球的分散性方面,空间位阻稳定作用较静电排斥作用更为有效。     

大直径W1/O/W2乳粒的稳定性

在准静态条件和旋转流体场中采用乳液微封装技术制备约2 mm的大直径W1/O/W2乳粒,研究了有机相浓度和水溶性聚合物浓度对W1/O/W2乳粒稳定性的影响。从乳粒受力和变形的角度,探索了旋转流体场对W1/O/W2乳粒动力学稳定性的增强作用机制。研究表明:无论是在准静态条件下还是旋转流场中,乳粒稳定性都随聚苯乙烯浓度单一上升,随聚乙烯醇浓度呈现先上升后下降的趋势;相对于准静态条件,旋转流体场在一定条件下对大直径W1/O/W2乳粒的动力学稳定具有明显增强作用。     

Conductive Polypyrrole and Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) Nanotubes Fabricated with Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly

Summary: Conductive nanotubes were fabricated by the alternate adsorption of negatively charged polypyrrole (PPy) and positively charged poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) onto the inner pores of polycarbonate templates. Nanotubes are obtained by the subsequently removal of the template. Using several microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, we demonstrate that the yielded materials possess a tubular structure and conductive properties. The conductivity of PPy/PAH nanotubes is measured as 0.008 S · cm⁻¹.

SEM image of eight bilayer PPy/PAH nanotubes after the removal of the template.     

Synthesis of Thermosensitive PNIPAM‐co‐MBAA Nanotubes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization within a Porous Membrane

Summary: Thermosensitive polymer nanotubes can be fabricated within an aminopropylsilane‐modified porous anodic aluminum oxide membrane by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) followed by template removal. DSC experiments prove that the synthesized PNIPAM‐co‐MBAA copolymer nanotubes have a reversible thermosensitive behavior. The temperature‐induced changes in dimension and shape of the nanotubes were studied by AFM in real time in an aqueous environment. It indicates that the nanotubes undergo a shape alteration from an “ellipse” to “circular” shape in water upon heating to LCST or above.

DSC curves of PNIPAM‐co‐MBAA nanotubes.     

A study on the glass transition behavior and morphology of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks

The epoxy resin/polyurethane semi-IPN was prepared and the glass transition behavior of the semi-IPN was discussed with DSC and DMA methods. The results show that the two glass transition temperatures (T_g) referring to epoxy resin and polyurethane respectively get closer. Between the two T_g there exists another T_g related to the interface between the two polymers. SEM indicates that this semi-IPN has a two-phase continuous structure which changes with different weight compositions. This is also proved by testing the Young's modulus. It is found that the IPN system has a cellular structure. Comparatively, the compatibility between the two polymers is the best when the weight ratio of EP/PU is 70/30. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.