Dual gold nanoparticle lateflow immunoassay for sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7

Two patterns of signal amplification lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), which used anti-mouse secondary antibody-linked gold nanoparticle (AuNP) for dual AuNP-LFIA were developed. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was selected as the model analyte. In the signal amplification direct LFIA method, anti-mouse secondary antibody-linked AuNP (anti-mouse-Ab-AuNP) was mixed with sample solution in an ELISA well, after which it was added to LFIA, which already contained anti-E. coli O157:H7 monoclonal antibody-AuNP (anti-E. coli O157:H7-mAb-AuNP) dispersed in the conjugate pad. Polyclonal antibody was the test line, and anti-mouse secondary antibody was the control line in nitrocellulose (NC) membrane. In the signal amplification indirect LFIA method, anti-mouse-Ab-AuNP was mixed with sample solution and anti-E. coli O157:H7-mAb-AuNP complex in ELISA well, creating a dual AuNP complex. This complex was added to LFIA, which had a polyclonal antibody as the test line and secondary antibody as the control line in NC membrane. The detection sensitivity of both LFIAs improved 100-fold and reached 1.14 × 10³ CFU mL⁻¹. The 28 nm and 45 nm AuNPs were demonstrated to be the optimal dual AuNP pairs. Signal amplification LFIA was perfectly applied to the detection of milk samples with E. coli O157:H7 via naked eye observation.     

Carboxylated graphene oxide/polyvinyl chloride as solid-phase extraction sorbent combined with ion chromatography for the determination of sulfonamides in cosmetics

A carboxylated graphene oxide/polyvinyl chloride (CGO/PVC) material was prepared as a sorbent for the selective extraction of sulphonamides from complex sample. After being dispersed in buffer solution, sample was transferred into the prefabricated solid-phase extraction (SPE) column, which integrated extraction and cleanup into one single-step. A multi-response optimization based on the Box-Behnken design was used to optimize factors affecting extraction efficiency. Compared with the commonly commercial sorbents including MCX, WCX and C₁₈, CGO/PVC hybrid material had higher extraction selectivity and capacity to sulphonamides. The limits of detection and quantification for seven target compounds were in the range of 3.4–7.1 μg/L and 11.4–23.7 μg/L, respectively. The self-assembly SPE cartridge was successfully used to enrich seven analytes in anti-acne cosmetics prior to ion chromatography detection with good recoveries of 87.8–102.0% and relative standard deviations of 1.2–6.4%, implying that this method was suitable for routine analysis of cosmetics.     

A DFT study of DMC formation on Rh‐doped Cu/AC surfaces

The activity and selectivity of heterogeneous catalysts can be significantly improved by dispersion of another active component in the metal substrate. The impact of Rh promoter on the formation of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) via oxidative carbonylation of methanol on Cu–Rh/AC (activated carbon) catalyst was investigated by density functional theory calculations. The most stable configurations of reacting species (CO, OH, CH₃O, monomethyl carbonate, and DMC) adsorbed on the Cu⁰(zero‐valent copper)/AC and Cu–Rh/AC surfaces were determined on the basis of the calculated results. The reaction energy and activation energy of the rate‐limiting steps on the Cu–Rh/AC and Cu⁰/AC surfaces were compared. The activation energies of the rate‐limiting step of CO insertion into dimethoxide are 206.3 and 304.8 kJ mol^?1 on the Cu–Rh/AC and Cu⁰/AC surfaces, respectively. The activation energies of the rate‐limiting step of CO insertion into methoxide are 78.5 and 92.7 kJ/mol on the Cu–Rh/AC and Cu⁰/AC surfaces, respectively. The calculated results indicate that the addition of Rh atom has a significant effect on decreasing the active energy the main pathway for DMC formation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Paecilomycines A and B,Novel Diterpenoids,Isolated from Insect‐Pathogenic Fungi Paecilomyces sp. ACCC 37762

Two new diterpenoids, named paecilomycine A ( 1 ) and paecilomycine B ( 2 ), including a novel skeleton with a five‐membered lactone ring, together with three known labdane diterpenoids, rel‐(1R,3S,4aS,5R,8aS)‐5‐[(3E)‐4‐carboxy‐3‐methylbut‐3‐en‐1‐yl]decahydro‐3‐hydroxy‐1,4a‐dimethyl‐6‐methylidenenaphthalene‐1‐carboxylic acid ( 3 ), botryosphaerin E ( 4 ), and agathic acid ( 5 ), were isolated from solid culture of the insect pathogenic fungi strain Paecilomyces sp. The structures of all compounds were established on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic studies. The relative configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses.     

钴镁铝类水滑石液相选择性催化苯甲醇氧化合成苯甲醛

采用共沉淀法制备了不同Co₂AlMg_x(x=0.5、1、1.5和2)原子比的类水滑石,用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、表面孔吸附(BET)及电感耦合等离子光谱(ICP)等技术手段表征了催化剂的结构、组成和比表面积,并考察了其催化苯甲醇选择氧化制苯甲醛的性能。 结果表明,随着Mg含量的增加,催化剂的碱性增强,苯甲醛的选择性提高。 在优化条件:苯甲醇0.02 mol,催化剂Co₂AlMg₁类水滑石100 mg,过氧化氢叔丁醇0.04 mol,溶剂乙腈8 mL,反应温度60 ℃,反应时间9 h下,苯甲醇的转化率为39.5%,苯甲醛的选择性达到89.2%。 催化剂重复使用5次后其活性与选择性未见明显降低,表明催化剂具有较好的稳定性。     

铕-3-(2-萘甲酰基)-2-苯基苯并二氢吡喃-4-酮-邻菲罗啉配合物的合成及荧光性能研究

为了探讨2,3-二氢黄酮类化合物在发光材料方面的应用,首先合成了2,3-二氢黄酮类衍生物[3-(2-萘甲酰基)-2-苯基苯并二氢吡喃-4-酮(L)]配体,然后利用Eu(III)与此配体和水/邻菲罗啉(Phen)反应得到两种新型的红色荧光配合物。运用元素分析、红外光谱与荧光光谱等手段对相关物质进行了系统的表征。表征结果表明:两个新配合物的组成分别为Eu(L)3·2H2O和Eu(L)3·Phen;荧光光谱研究显示,两种配合物的配体能将吸收的能量有效地传递给铕离子,从而使配合物发射出强的铕离子的特征荧光,且两个配合物Eu(L)3·2H2O和Eu(L)3·Phen均以5D0→7F2跃迁的荧光发射最强。得到了两种新的高效的红色荧光材料。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定陶瓷色釉料中稀土元素

为了防止稀土的低附加值滥用,控制陶瓷色釉料中的稀土含量尤为重要,本方法为制订出入境检验检疫行业标准《陶瓷色釉料中稀土总量的测定电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法》提供可靠依据。由于陶瓷色釉料极其稳定的化学性质,因此不能采用传统的消解方法进行样品前处理,本文提出了用改进后的氢氧化钠和过氧化钠体系高温碱熔陶瓷色釉料,再用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪测定La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu,Y 15种稀土元素总量的方法。在陶瓷色釉料的消解方法、待测元素波长的选择和基体干扰校正方面进行重点研究。选取具有代表性的陶瓷色釉料样品进行回收率、精密度及重现性试验,测得方法的回收率在94.7%~102.7%,精密度小于2.7%,重现性小于4.3%。计算了15种稀土元素的检出限均小于0.51 mg·kg-1。     

Quantum-chemical study on the catalytic activity of TinRumO2(1 1 0) surfaces on chlorine evolution

Based on the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), Perdew-Wang-91 (PW91) combined with a periodic slab model has been applied to study the catalytic activity of chlorine evolution on TinRumO2(1 1 0) surface. Metal oxide model TinRumO2 has been established with pure TiO2 and RuO2 on the basis set of Double Numerical plus polarization (DNP), in which the proportion of n:m was 3:1, 1:1, or 1:3. Analysis on the reaction activity in the electrochemical reaction and the electrochemical desorption reaction was based on Frontiermolecular orbital theory. The results show that the TinRumO2 with a ratio of Ti:Ru at 3:1 is best facilitates the electrochemical reaction and electrochemical desorption reaction to produce M-Clads intermediate and precipitate Cl2. In addition, the adsorption energy of Cl on the surface of Ti3Ru1O2 possesses the minimum value of 2.514 eV, and thus electrochemical desorption reaction could occur most easily.     

Bis-triarylamine with a cyclometalated diosmium bridge: A multi-stage redox-active system

A tetra(pyrid-2-yl)-pyrazine-bridged cyclometalated diosmium complex 1(PF6)2with two distal redoxactive organic amine substituents has been synthesized and characterized. This complex displays four consecutive and separated anodic redox waves at +0.24, +0.38, +0.64, and +0.71 V vs. Ag/Ag Cl. Upon stepwise oxidation, four-step absorption spectral changes in the visible to near-infrared region have been observed. The different redox states of 1(12+through 16+) can be distinguished by the significantly different absorption spectra in the visible and near-infrared region. DFT calculations of 13+show that the spin is delocalized on both osmium–amine components.